The document summarizes housing and sanitation issues in urban India. It notes that 99% of the country's 24.7 million housing shortage is for economically weaker and low-income groups. Slum populations have grown significantly faster than total urban populations. There is a need for public-private partnerships and affordable housing options to address these challenges. The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission aims to improve infrastructure and provide housing for the urban poor.

1. Housing & Sanitation scenario in urban India Department of Civil Engg GURU NANAK DEV ENGG COLLEGE Email ID: Kulbirgillkulbir@yahoo.co.in by Er. Kulbir Singh gill

2. Urbanisation and Development “ Urban” in India is defined as a human settlement with a minimum population of 5000 persons, with 75% of the male working population engaged in non-agricultural activities and a population density of at least 400 persons per sq. km. Further, all statutory towns having a Municipal Corporation, Municipal Council or Nagar Panchayat as well as a Cantonment Board are classified as “URBAN”

6. Urban India: Slums & Poverty Scenario Slum Population 1991 : 42 Million 2001 : 62 Million Growth in Urban Population 1991-2001 : 58 Million Growth in Slum Population 1991-2001 : 20 Million Poverty Scenario: Urban BPL Population 1973-1974 : 60 Million 1999-2000 : 67 Million

10. Access to Housing 2001 Housing Scenario in India Household having: %age of Households No Exclusive Room 2.3 One Room 35.1 Two Rooms 29.5 More than Two Rooms 33.1

11. Total Housing Shortage Housing shortage at the beginning of 11th Five Year Plan (1.4.2007) 24.71 million dwelling units Additional Housing Requirement for the 11th Plan ( 2007-2012) 1.82 million dwelling units Total housing requirement during 11th Plan Period including the carried over housing shortage 26.53 Million dwelling units

12. Category-wise Housing Shortage Estimated Urban Housing Unit Shortage as on 1.4.2007: More than 99% shortage is for EWS/LIG segments Total : 24.71 m 100.00% EWS : 21.78 m 88.14% LIG : 2.89 m 11.69% MIG&HIG: 0.04 m 0.16%

13. Financial Investment Required for Overcoming Shortage For 24.71 million Dwelling Units. Rs.14719.50 million Additional housing requirement (1.82 million Units) during 11th Plan Rs.21412.31 million Total Rs.36131.81 million

14. * The figure in Parenthesis is the total housing stock (in Million) Quality of Housing Stock

15. 12.65 19.86 23.43 20.07 19.44 9.70 15.20 17.24 12.82 11.65 1.95 4.66 6.19 7.25 7.89

16. Growth of Slums Slum Population as %age of total urban population is given in parenthesis 28 46 61.8

18. National Urban Housing & Habitat Policy 2007

21. Focus Areas The new policy considers the 74 th Amendment Act in terms of preparation of District Plans by District Planning Committees (DPCs) as a vital determinant of systematic urban planning.

22. Addressing the special needs of women headed households, single women, working women and women in difficult circumstances in relation to housing serviced by basic amenities. Special Provision for Women

23. Public-Private Partnerships Forging strong partnerships between public, private and cooperative sectors for accelerated growth in the Housing Sector and sustainable development of habitat

26. JnNURM at a Glance No. of Houses Sanctioned 1.046 million No. of Houses under Progress 0.265 million Budget for 2007-08-Rs.1991 Crores (BSUP+IHSDP) 99.7 % achieved Urban Reforms: Earmarking of 25% of Municipal Budget as BSUP Fund; Timeline Target of 27 cities 27 cities achieved Urban Reform: Earmarking of 20-25% of developed land for EWS/LIG; Timeline Target of 16 cities 16 cities achieved

29. Urban Infrastructure Challenges