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22@Barcelona, the innovation district
Index




        0   Framework

        1   22@Barcelona: Where

        2   22@Barcelona: History

        3   22@Barcelona: The Innovation District

        4   22@Barcelona: Urbanism

        5   22@Barcelona: Economics

        6   22@Barcelona: Social

        7   Q&A
0 Framework
Knowledge



 Knowledge                                       Innovation
Infrastructure


                    Knowledge-based
                       Economy

                                                        Economy




        Geography
                                Political Economy

                                          Source: Loet Leydesdorff & Martin Meyer. 2003.
TRIPLE HELIX. Local & Global Innovation System




                          Government




      University                                     Industry




                                        Source: Henry Etzkowitz & Loet Leydesdorff, 2000.
I+I




                        Global




                      National
International




                      Regional




                         Local
                                 Science   Technology              Industry                  Market




                                            Innovation

                                                 Source: Francesc Solé Parellada, Josep Piqué & Joan Bellavista. 2007.
Born Global Companies




 University

 Industry

 Government             Source: Henry Etzkowitz, Francesc Solé Parellada & Josep Piqué. 2007.
T-Economy




            Source: Tom Cannon. 2007
1 22@Barcelona: Where
Among the main European capitals
Barcelona’s Metropolitan Area
The Barcelona’s eastern transformation




Sagrera AVE

                                          Forum 2004




                           22@Barcelona
2 22@Barcelona: History
22@Barcelona, included in the Ensanche’s plan (1859)
1986 - 1992: the opening of the waterfront
1996 - 1999: the opening of Diagonal Avenue

                 February 1996                February 1999
1860 - 1960: the “Catalan Manchester”
1960 - 1990: obsolescence and degradation
3 22@Barcelona: the innovation district
1998: the debate about the future of the industrial areas




           An urban renovation strategy. A new model of making city
             The answer to a necessity: the Knowledge Economy
3459 Plan


                                           CLUSTERS &
                                      BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT




  INFRASTRUCTURES                                                         TALENT


                                               SOC
                                                                                     INTERNATIONAL
                                               ECO

                                               URB


 URBAN                                22@
                                BCN            MEDIA   ICT   BIO   ENE   DIS

                          CAT
                    INT                                                              DISTRICT




   22@INNOVATION
                                                                         PROMOTION



                                             DEMAND
Value chain




     Talent       Attraction   Retention    Development    Creation




     Company      Promotion    Location     Monitoring     Growth




     Innovation   Science      Technology   Company        Market




     Urbanism     Planning     Management   Infrastruct.   Construction
Conceptual model




 Phase 3   Phase 2   Phase 1   Physical         Corporate     Personal
                               Environment      Environment   Environment
                               Town Planning    Projects      Relationship space
                               Building
                               Infrastructure
The 22@ Plan, a new model of compact city




@ activities       Green spaces       Avanced infrastructures    Industrial heritage




7@ facilities    Subsidized housing    New mobility model       Revitalization public
                                                                      spaces
4 22@ Barcelona: Urbanism
The scale of 22@Barcelona


                     The scale of the project:
                     Territory                                     198,26 Ha (115 city blocks)

                     New gross floor space                         4.000.000 m²
                                                                    3.200.000m2
                     • Productive Activities                        800.000 m2
                     • Housing, facilities and services



                     Increase in green spaces                      114.000 m²

                     Increase in facilities                        145.000 m²

                     Investment in infrastructures                 180 million €


                     Update execution 1 T 2010:
                     Urban Plan and new economic ceiling
                     • Rearrangement of 70% of the territory (2.830.596 m²)
                     • 117 approved plans (78 of private initiative)
                     • 1.502 firms and institutions recently established

                     Infrastructures Plan and investment
                     • 42% of reurbanization works finished or in process
                     • Investment until December 2009: 112 million euros
The urban planning process (2001-2008)



     2000                 2001 …      … 2003 …      … 2004 …         … 2004/06…     … 2004 …       … 2008 …


                                                                                                  Compact city,
                                                                                                   with publicly
 Industrial land,                                                                                  owned land,
 little used or in                                                                               fully urbanised
                                                                                                   and offering
      complete                                                                                       excellent
  disuse, 100%                                                                                    infrastructure,
                                                                                     Corporate
      privately      Urban Planning     Urban                                                    providing many
                                                   Infrastructures   Construction    Projects,
owned, and part                       Management                                                 more jobs in the
                                                                                      clusters
      yet to be                                                                                        field of
     urbanised                                                                                      knowledge
                                                                                                     intensive
                                                                                                     activities
Urban planning. Density

                                                                     Increase density:
                                                                     3
                                                                                                               SUBSIDIZED HOUSING

                                                                    2’7 -




                          Build ability: m² of ceiling/m² of land
                                                                                                                   @ ACTIVITIES
                                                                    2’2 -
                                                                      2
                                                                     -


                                                                                                                      URBAN
                                                                                                                    PRODUCTIVE
                                                                                       INDUSTRIAL                    ACTIVITIES
                                                                                       ACTIVITIES



                                                                     0
                                                                                       CODE 22a
                                                                                       CLAVE 22a                     CODE 22@
                                                                                                                     CLAVE 22@




                                                                      Balance public and private benefits:

                                                                         PRIVATE BENEFITS           PUBLIC BENEFITS

                                                                         • More productive uses:    • Free cession of land:
                                                                           22a   22@                • 10% for 7@ facilities
                                                                                                    • 10% for subsidized housing
                                                                         • Higher density:          • 10% for green areas
                                                                           2 2,2 / 2,7              • Eventual opening of streets

                                                                         • Leadind edge             • Financing a part of the Special
                                                                           infrastructures            Infrastructure Plan
Special infrastructures plan




    New mobility plan            Public space renewal        New energy networks




Selective pneumatic waste   New heating and cooling system   Underground galleries
         collection
5 22@ Barcelona: Economics
Urban clusters


          Cluster
          strategies           MEDIA   ENERGY   MEDTECH   ICT   DESIGN

   Transversal
   programs


  Clusters policy


  Entrepreneurship


  Services for companies


  Internationalization


  Community of professionals


  Relation between clusters


  Marketing
Leadership of projects: current situation and forecast


                  22@Barcelona: Clusters & activities




  Companies                                              Entrepreneurs
   Institutions                                          Specific spaces
  Universities
                                                         Dissemination
Technological                                            spaces
       centers
                                                         Residences
   Incubators
                                                         Other services
Media: Barcelona Media Park




                              Companies      MediaPro, Lavinia, Cromosoma, Yahoo R+D

                              Institutions   RNE, CAC, Barcelona TV…

                        Specifics spaces     Audiovisual Production Centre (PBM)

                              Universities   UPF, UB, UOC

                    Technological centers    Barcelona Media-Innovation Centre

                               Incubators    Media-TIC Building

                              Residences     Melon District / Ciutadella

                           Dissemination     Media Factory
ICT: Network of R+D centres related to ICT




                               Companies      T-Systems, Indra, Telefónica

                               Institutions   CMT, FBD, Localret

                         Specifics spaces     Interface building, Media-TIC building

                              Universities    UB, UPC, La Salle

                     Technological centers    Technological ICT Center

                               Incubators     Media-TIC building

                              Residences      Melon District

                            Dissemination     ICT House
Media & ICT Cluster: 2006 - 2010


                                                                         BARCELONA ACTIVA



  AGBAR TOWER                                                  RBA HQ.




                                                                                 IMAGINA BUILDING:
                                                                             Mediapro, CIBM, Yahoo!, TCI,…
   GREEN AREAS

                                                 INDRA      RNE
                      CMT                                                      AUDIOVISUAL PRODUCTION
                                                                                       CENTRE
INTERFACE BUILDING:
   IMI, Indra & ACC                                                           COMMUNICATION FACULTY
                                                                                      (UPF)

                                CAC
                                                                                 VILA CASAS MUSEUM
  T-SYSTEMS HQ. &                                                               OF CONTEMPORARY ART
 BARCELONA DIGITAL



   BARCELONA TV




                            SUBSIDIZED HOUSING     MEDIA-TIC BUILDING
Energy: Interuniversity Campus of Besòs




                               Companies      Endesa, Ecotècnia, Agbar
                                              ITER, Climate Catalan Institute (IC3),
                               Institutions
                                              CETAQUA
                         Specifics spaces     Campus Offices

                              Universities    UB, UPC

                     Technological centers    IREC

                               Incubators     b_TEC Incubator

                              Residences      b_TEC Residence

                            Dissemination     Campus services
Medical Technologies - MedTech




                              Companies      Matachana, Gaes, Sanofi Aventis,
                                             Isdin, Telemedicine

                              Institutions   CatSalut, Blood and Tissues Bank

                        Specifics spaces     Health Building, BIO Enterprise Park

                             Universities    UB, UPC, Official Nursing College

                    Technological centers    22@MedTech Laboratory

                              Incubators     Health Building

                             Residences      Nido

                           Dissemination     Health Building
Design




                   Companies      G-Star Raw, ADD, Node, Estudi
                                  Arola, ruiz+company, Morera Design

                   Institutions   BCD

             Specifics spaces     Palo Alto, PBM, Hub Design

                  Universities    University of Vic, UPC, IAAC

         Technological centers    Centre d’Innovació, Barcelona Media

                   Incubators     Media-TIC, “Projecte Bressol” (textile)

                  Residences      Melon District / Ciutadella

                Dissemination     Hub Design
22@ Spaces. Engines of transformation




                                        MedTech

          Media




                         ICT



                                                  Energy
Cluster’s leader agents
10 universities: 25,000 students
4 residences: more than 800 beds
12 R+D+i & technological centers
New companies and new jobs at 22@Barcelona



New companies installed in the district since 2000          New jobs in 22@Barcelona since 2000
(Accumulated data at 12.31.2009 in number of companies)     (Accumulated data at 12.31.2009 in number of employers)


December 2009                                               December 2009

Companies already located or in                             Employees of companies already
process to be installed                             1.502   located or in process to be installed               44.600


44’6% newly created                                                                                            + 72,5%



          Activity@
             74,2%
         (Catalonia,
              58%)




                                    Other
                                    activities
                                    25,8%
Business Services




                    Spaces and Infrastructures

                    Innovation and Technology

                    Clusters and Market access

                    Public Financing


                    22@Capital

                    Talent

                    Networking

                    Promotion
Spaces and Infrastructures




                             Spaces and advanced infrastructures available




                             1.   Space search
                             2.   22@Barcelona landing platform
                                  a.   Weekly and Monthly Spaces

                             3.   Information and advice on infrastructures
                                  a.   Telecommunications
                                  b.   Selective pneumatic waste collection
                                  c.   Centralized climate system
                                  d.   New power grid
Networking




             Services, sharing and consolidating the district




             1.   22@Network, Association of Businesses and
                  Institutions of 22@Barcelona
                   a.   Welcome plan, for new companies and institutions that move to
                        the district.
                   b.   Work commissions, which work as networking opportunities
                        and project generators.
                   c.   Network workshops

             2.   22@Update Breakfast
             3.   Symposium on Urban Clusters
             4.   IN22@
Innovation and technology



                      Supporting innovation and access to technology




                      1.    Technology Valorization Program: KimBCN Foundation
                      2.    Urban Lab:
                            22@Barcelona offers a large number of opportunities for technology
                            companies that decide to move to the district, like spaces to run pilot programs
                            to test new technology.
                            22@Barcelona = Urban Lab

                      3.    22@Innovation:
                            Through this program 22@Barcelona fosters innovation with specific projects to
                            generate sophisticated demand through both private and public initiatives.
                            This allows small and medium-sized companies to access new clients and markets.
Innovation and technology




                        Supporting innovation and access to technology




                        •   4.    22@Synergys

                            Business networking and work sessions at congresses or other scientific
                            or technological events that take place in Barcelona.

                        •   Easy access to new emerging technologies to create synergies and
                            more competitive business environment.
                        •   Helping to generate new business opportunities.
                        •   Talent’s attraction and retention in the city of Barcelona.
6 22@ Barcelona: Social
Space of personal relation




                                         22@ Space of
                                        Personal Relation

                                          22@Talent



   For the professionals                                           For the neighbours
  • International Community: IN22@                          • 22@Districte Digital
  • Access to education                                     • Actions of direct communication
  • Relationship spaces                                     • Support to initiatives of the district
  • Networking: 22@Update Breakfast,…                       • 22@Staying in company
  • 22@Voluntariat




                               Increase of the belonging feeling
                                Creation of the community 22@
                                   Pride to work/live in 22@
7 Q&A
Citizens Projects




     22@Districte Digital                                22@Staying in company
  • Virtual Memory of the Sant Martí                    • 22@FP
  District’s elders
                                                        • 22@Becat
  • New multimedia classrooms
                                                        • MITSpain
  • Computer recycling network
                                                        • 22@MBA
  • Families on line
                                                        • 22@Master/22@Degree
  • Discovering Sant Martí District


             Sponsorship and participation in the neighborhood activities
                           Direct communication actions
                              Citizens needs analysis
www.22barcelona.com

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Presentation 22@Barcelona The Innovation District

  • 2. Index 0 Framework 1 22@Barcelona: Where 2 22@Barcelona: History 3 22@Barcelona: The Innovation District 4 22@Barcelona: Urbanism 5 22@Barcelona: Economics 6 22@Barcelona: Social 7 Q&A
  • 4. Knowledge Knowledge Innovation Infrastructure Knowledge-based Economy Economy Geography Political Economy Source: Loet Leydesdorff & Martin Meyer. 2003.
  • 5. TRIPLE HELIX. Local & Global Innovation System Government University Industry Source: Henry Etzkowitz & Loet Leydesdorff, 2000.
  • 6. I+I Global National International Regional Local Science Technology Industry Market Innovation Source: Francesc Solé Parellada, Josep Piqué & Joan Bellavista. 2007.
  • 7. Born Global Companies University Industry Government Source: Henry Etzkowitz, Francesc Solé Parellada & Josep Piqué. 2007.
  • 8. T-Economy Source: Tom Cannon. 2007
  • 10. Among the main European capitals
  • 12. The Barcelona’s eastern transformation Sagrera AVE Forum 2004 22@Barcelona
  • 14. 22@Barcelona, included in the Ensanche’s plan (1859)
  • 15. 1986 - 1992: the opening of the waterfront
  • 16. 1996 - 1999: the opening of Diagonal Avenue February 1996 February 1999
  • 17. 1860 - 1960: the “Catalan Manchester”
  • 18. 1960 - 1990: obsolescence and degradation
  • 19. 3 22@Barcelona: the innovation district
  • 20. 1998: the debate about the future of the industrial areas An urban renovation strategy. A new model of making city The answer to a necessity: the Knowledge Economy
  • 21. 3459 Plan CLUSTERS & BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURES TALENT SOC INTERNATIONAL ECO URB URBAN 22@ BCN MEDIA ICT BIO ENE DIS CAT INT DISTRICT 22@INNOVATION PROMOTION DEMAND
  • 22. Value chain Talent Attraction Retention Development Creation Company Promotion Location Monitoring Growth Innovation Science Technology Company Market Urbanism Planning Management Infrastruct. Construction
  • 23. Conceptual model Phase 3 Phase 2 Phase 1 Physical Corporate Personal Environment Environment Environment Town Planning Projects Relationship space Building Infrastructure
  • 24. The 22@ Plan, a new model of compact city @ activities Green spaces Avanced infrastructures Industrial heritage 7@ facilities Subsidized housing New mobility model Revitalization public spaces
  • 25. 4 22@ Barcelona: Urbanism
  • 26. The scale of 22@Barcelona The scale of the project: Territory 198,26 Ha (115 city blocks) New gross floor space 4.000.000 m² 3.200.000m2 • Productive Activities 800.000 m2 • Housing, facilities and services Increase in green spaces 114.000 m² Increase in facilities 145.000 m² Investment in infrastructures 180 million € Update execution 1 T 2010: Urban Plan and new economic ceiling • Rearrangement of 70% of the territory (2.830.596 m²) • 117 approved plans (78 of private initiative) • 1.502 firms and institutions recently established Infrastructures Plan and investment • 42% of reurbanization works finished or in process • Investment until December 2009: 112 million euros
  • 27. The urban planning process (2001-2008) 2000 2001 … … 2003 … … 2004 … … 2004/06… … 2004 … … 2008 … Compact city, with publicly Industrial land, owned land, little used or in fully urbanised and offering complete excellent disuse, 100% infrastructure, Corporate privately Urban Planning Urban providing many Infrastructures Construction Projects, owned, and part Management more jobs in the clusters yet to be field of urbanised knowledge intensive activities
  • 28. Urban planning. Density Increase density: 3 SUBSIDIZED HOUSING 2’7 - Build ability: m² of ceiling/m² of land @ ACTIVITIES 2’2 - 2 - URBAN PRODUCTIVE INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES 0 CODE 22a CLAVE 22a CODE 22@ CLAVE 22@ Balance public and private benefits: PRIVATE BENEFITS PUBLIC BENEFITS • More productive uses: • Free cession of land: 22a 22@ • 10% for 7@ facilities • 10% for subsidized housing • Higher density: • 10% for green areas 2 2,2 / 2,7 • Eventual opening of streets • Leadind edge • Financing a part of the Special infrastructures Infrastructure Plan
  • 29. Special infrastructures plan New mobility plan Public space renewal New energy networks Selective pneumatic waste New heating and cooling system Underground galleries collection
  • 30. 5 22@ Barcelona: Economics
  • 31. Urban clusters Cluster strategies MEDIA ENERGY MEDTECH ICT DESIGN Transversal programs Clusters policy Entrepreneurship Services for companies Internationalization Community of professionals Relation between clusters Marketing
  • 32. Leadership of projects: current situation and forecast 22@Barcelona: Clusters & activities Companies Entrepreneurs Institutions Specific spaces Universities Dissemination Technological spaces centers Residences Incubators Other services
  • 33. Media: Barcelona Media Park Companies MediaPro, Lavinia, Cromosoma, Yahoo R+D Institutions RNE, CAC, Barcelona TV… Specifics spaces Audiovisual Production Centre (PBM) Universities UPF, UB, UOC Technological centers Barcelona Media-Innovation Centre Incubators Media-TIC Building Residences Melon District / Ciutadella Dissemination Media Factory
  • 34. ICT: Network of R+D centres related to ICT Companies T-Systems, Indra, Telefónica Institutions CMT, FBD, Localret Specifics spaces Interface building, Media-TIC building Universities UB, UPC, La Salle Technological centers Technological ICT Center Incubators Media-TIC building Residences Melon District Dissemination ICT House
  • 35. Media & ICT Cluster: 2006 - 2010 BARCELONA ACTIVA AGBAR TOWER RBA HQ. IMAGINA BUILDING: Mediapro, CIBM, Yahoo!, TCI,… GREEN AREAS INDRA RNE CMT AUDIOVISUAL PRODUCTION CENTRE INTERFACE BUILDING: IMI, Indra & ACC COMMUNICATION FACULTY (UPF) CAC VILA CASAS MUSEUM T-SYSTEMS HQ. & OF CONTEMPORARY ART BARCELONA DIGITAL BARCELONA TV SUBSIDIZED HOUSING MEDIA-TIC BUILDING
  • 36. Energy: Interuniversity Campus of Besòs Companies Endesa, Ecotècnia, Agbar ITER, Climate Catalan Institute (IC3), Institutions CETAQUA Specifics spaces Campus Offices Universities UB, UPC Technological centers IREC Incubators b_TEC Incubator Residences b_TEC Residence Dissemination Campus services
  • 37. Medical Technologies - MedTech Companies Matachana, Gaes, Sanofi Aventis, Isdin, Telemedicine Institutions CatSalut, Blood and Tissues Bank Specifics spaces Health Building, BIO Enterprise Park Universities UB, UPC, Official Nursing College Technological centers 22@MedTech Laboratory Incubators Health Building Residences Nido Dissemination Health Building
  • 38. Design Companies G-Star Raw, ADD, Node, Estudi Arola, ruiz+company, Morera Design Institutions BCD Specifics spaces Palo Alto, PBM, Hub Design Universities University of Vic, UPC, IAAC Technological centers Centre d’Innovació, Barcelona Media Incubators Media-TIC, “Projecte Bressol” (textile) Residences Melon District / Ciutadella Dissemination Hub Design
  • 39. 22@ Spaces. Engines of transformation MedTech Media ICT Energy
  • 42. 4 residences: more than 800 beds
  • 43. 12 R+D+i & technological centers
  • 44. New companies and new jobs at 22@Barcelona New companies installed in the district since 2000 New jobs in 22@Barcelona since 2000 (Accumulated data at 12.31.2009 in number of companies) (Accumulated data at 12.31.2009 in number of employers) December 2009 December 2009 Companies already located or in Employees of companies already process to be installed 1.502 located or in process to be installed 44.600 44’6% newly created + 72,5% Activity@ 74,2% (Catalonia, 58%) Other activities 25,8%
  • 45. Business Services Spaces and Infrastructures Innovation and Technology Clusters and Market access Public Financing 22@Capital Talent Networking Promotion
  • 46. Spaces and Infrastructures Spaces and advanced infrastructures available 1. Space search 2. 22@Barcelona landing platform a. Weekly and Monthly Spaces 3. Information and advice on infrastructures a. Telecommunications b. Selective pneumatic waste collection c. Centralized climate system d. New power grid
  • 47. Networking Services, sharing and consolidating the district 1. 22@Network, Association of Businesses and Institutions of 22@Barcelona a. Welcome plan, for new companies and institutions that move to the district. b. Work commissions, which work as networking opportunities and project generators. c. Network workshops 2. 22@Update Breakfast 3. Symposium on Urban Clusters 4. IN22@
  • 48. Innovation and technology Supporting innovation and access to technology 1. Technology Valorization Program: KimBCN Foundation 2. Urban Lab: 22@Barcelona offers a large number of opportunities for technology companies that decide to move to the district, like spaces to run pilot programs to test new technology. 22@Barcelona = Urban Lab 3. 22@Innovation: Through this program 22@Barcelona fosters innovation with specific projects to generate sophisticated demand through both private and public initiatives. This allows small and medium-sized companies to access new clients and markets.
  • 49. Innovation and technology Supporting innovation and access to technology • 4. 22@Synergys Business networking and work sessions at congresses or other scientific or technological events that take place in Barcelona. • Easy access to new emerging technologies to create synergies and more competitive business environment. • Helping to generate new business opportunities. • Talent’s attraction and retention in the city of Barcelona.
  • 51. Space of personal relation 22@ Space of Personal Relation 22@Talent For the professionals For the neighbours • International Community: IN22@ • 22@Districte Digital • Access to education • Actions of direct communication • Relationship spaces • Support to initiatives of the district • Networking: 22@Update Breakfast,… • 22@Staying in company • 22@Voluntariat Increase of the belonging feeling Creation of the community 22@ Pride to work/live in 22@
  • 52. 7 Q&A
  • 53. Citizens Projects 22@Districte Digital 22@Staying in company • Virtual Memory of the Sant Martí • 22@FP District’s elders • 22@Becat • New multimedia classrooms • MITSpain • Computer recycling network • 22@MBA • Families on line • 22@Master/22@Degree • Discovering Sant Martí District Sponsorship and participation in the neighborhood activities Direct communication actions Citizens needs analysis

Notas del editor

  1. Barcelona es un municipio pequeño, de apenas 100Km2 y 1,5 millones de habitantes. El continuo urbano está formado por 13 municipios, tiene una superficie de 223 Km.² y una población de 2,5 millones de habitantes. El Área Metropolitana está formada por 33 municipios en una superficie de 585 Km2. y tiene 2,9 millones de habitantes (espacio comparable con Madrid, 606 Km2 y 2,9 M de habitantes). El triangulo central , el más denso, acoge 3,3 millones de habitantes, que es el 79% de la población metropolitana, en un ámbito de 950 Km.². La Región Metropolitana de Barcelona es la realidad económica y social en la que viven, trabajan y disfrutan de su tiempo libre 4,3 millones de personas , en una superficie de 3.236 Km2 . Agrupa 163 municipios en un radio de 30 a 45 Km de Barcelona . La RMB es una metrópoli pluninuclear, con 6 ciudades de más de 100.000 habitantes (Hospitalet, Badalona, Santa Coloma, Sabadell, Tarrasa y Mataró), diversificada en su conjunto y muy especializada en las diversas ciudades que la componen. Es la sexta región metropolitana de la UE en dimensión demográfica, por detrás de Londres, París, Randstad, Ruhr y Madrid. Forma parte de una región económica de 15 millones de personas, en un radio de 300 kilómetros. Representa el 11% de la población de España, el 18% del PIB y el 25% de la producción industrial. Exporta el 22,5% del conjunto de exportaciones españolas (Madrid 10,83%) y tiene unos niveles de renta por habitante que se sitúan ligeramente por encima de los valores medios de la UE( 21.389 €) (aprox. 70% de la renta USA). Tiene aproximadamente 2 millones de empleos de los que 1,7 millones son empleos asalariados. Un 70% de estos corresponden al sector servicios, proporción que se sitúa en el 80% en el municipio de Barcelona. Catalunya está hoy un punto por encima (101) de la media europea (UE15, 21.258 €) en nivel de renta (21.389 €) y en 1989 estaba al 82,3. (101% como el país Vasco y Baleares) (España 17.480 € 82%, Madrid 23.718 € 112%, Navarra 105%) (Las regiones más ricas, Londres 242%, Bruselas 217%, Luxemburgo 186%, Hamburgo 183%, París 154%).
  2. Este proceso se enmarca en la estrategia general de transformación del sector de Levante de la ciudad de Barcelona , donde se concentran las operaciones más importantes actualmente en curso: el Plan Sant Andreu-Sagrera , que pivota alrededor del proyecto de la nueva estación intermodal de la Sagrera, donde llegará el Tren de Alta Velocidad, las actuaciones de mejora urbana de la plaza de las Glorias y su entorno y las infraestructuras asociadas al Forum Universal de las Culturas de 2004 .
  3. El proyecto 22@ es, por una parte, un proyecto urbanístico de renovación urbana y, de otra, la respuesta a la necesidad de afrontar los retos de la economía del conocimiento, como nueva manera de crear riqueza. Como proyecto urbanístico transforma 200 ha, en el centro de Barcelona, y culmina el proceso de renovación urbana del Poblenou, después de las importantes realizaciones llevadas a cabo durante los últimos 15 años. Este proceso se enmarca en la estrategia general de transformación del sector de Levante de la ciudad, donde se concentran las operaciones más importantes en curso: la nueva estación de Alta Velocidad de la Sagrera, la Plaza de las Glorias y sus entornos y las infraestructuras asociadas al Forum Universal de las Culturas de 2004. Como proyecto económico, reinterpreta en clave actual la función de los antiguos tejidos industriales del Poblenou y propicia e incentiva su transformación de usos hacia aquellos que son los característicos de la economía del conocimiento. Porque actualmente, la generación de riqueza requiere unas determinadas condiciones de concentración de actividades, en un marco de buena calidad de vida, modernas infraestructuras, flexibilidad y calidad de espacios productivos y facilidad al acceso de los recursos humanos más cualificados. Y esa es precisamente la oferta del 22@, que transformará el Poblenou en uno de los espacios de centralidad más potentes de la Barcelona Metropolitana. Por su dimensión, capacidad transformadora e implicaciones es uno de los principales proyectos que se están llevando a cabo en Europa en estos momentos. Pero el Plan 22@ también es, y de manera muy destacada, un nuevo modelo de hacer ciudad , que afronta los retos de Barcelona ante las nuevas formas de crear riqueza, eso que hemos venido en denominar la sociedad del conocimiento. En este sentido, reinterpreta en clave actual la función de los antiguos tejidos industriales del Poblenou y crea las condiciones y los incentivos adecuados para favorecer la localización en el sector de nuevos empleos cualificados –entre 100.000 y 130.000- y actividades productivas intensivas en conocimiento -hasta 3.200.000 m2 de nuevo techo productivo-.
  4. Distancias entre fotos 4 px Cuerpo deletra gorda
  5. Regargarlo pero
  6. Los 35 Kilómetros de calles del Distrito de Actividades 22@ están siendo completamente reurbanizados mediante un Plan Especial de Infraestructuras que tiene un coste de 162 millones de euros. El Plan diseña una nueva red de servicios altamente competitivos, adaptados a los requerimientos tecnológicos, urbanísticos y medioambientales de la economía del conocimiento. Las nuevas infraestructuras del Distrito de Actividades 22@ incorporan modernas redes de energía, telecomunicaciones, climatización centralizada y recogida neumática de residuos, y priorizan la eficiencia energética, el control y la reducción de la contaminación acústica y la gestión responsable de los recursos naturales. Las nuevas redes de electricidad y de telecomunicaciones han sido diseñadas para permitir la libre competencia de operadores, y están dotadas de canalizaciones y pasos completamente registrables que facilitan el tendido de nuevos cables, minimizan las futuras intervenciones en la vía pública y mejoran la calidad y la sostenibilidad de los espacios públicos.