5. Presentation Topic…..
• Unique feature of commerce, digital market and
digital goods.
• Different types of conversion strategies of
information system.
• Model of developing IS solution.
• Define Geographic Information System(GIS).
• Support of GIS in decision making.
• Challenges of knowledge management system.
6. Presentation Topic…..
• Define CASE.
• Steps of a system approach.
• Role of knowledge management system and
knowledge management program in business
• Benefits of using intelligent techniques for
knowledge management
7. Unique feature of commerce, digital
market and digital goods.
Features of e-commerce
• Breaks geographical barrier: Today an e-
commerce company can easily sell its products
to consumers residing in any part of the country.
• Accurate information: Today e commerce
companies across the world are doling out
product information’s that are accurate & to the
point.
• Saves precious time: Ecommerce helps in saving
the most important thing in today’s modern
world: ‘Time’.
8. Unique feature of commerce, digital
market and digital goods.
• Ubiquity: Ubiquity means state of being
everywhere at once. E commerce shopping can
be done even when consumer is walking or
jogging.
• Impersonal interaction: Since e commerce
technology completely depends on internet &
web, the interaction with consumers will always
be impersonal in nature.
• Technology can equally be barrier: Technology
has helped e commerce companies to break
geographical & other barriers.
9. Unique feature of commerce, digital
market and digital goods.
• Social technology: Enables user content creation
and distribution and supports social networks.
• Personalization and customization-It permits
personalization and customization merchants
can target their marketing messages to specific
individuals.
10. Unique feature of commerce, digital
market and digital goods.
Features of digital market
• Transparent-Digital markets are said to be more
“transparent” than traditional markets.
• Exchange- The Internet has created a digital
marketplace where millions of people are able
to exchange massive amounts of information
directly, instantly, and for free.
• Flexible and efficient-Digital markets are very
flexible and efficient, with reduced search and
transaction costs, lower menu prices, and the
ability to change prices dynamically based on
market conditions.
11. Unique feature of commerce, digital
market and digital goods.
• Opportunities- Digital markets provide many
opportunities to sell directly to the consumer,
bypassing intermediaries, such as distributors or
retail outlets.
• Symmetric information-Information asymmetry
is reduced.
• Others feature-Other features include delayed
gratification, price discrimination, market
segmentation, switching costs, and network
effects.
12. Unique feature of commerce, digital
market and digital goods.
Features of digital goods
• Digital network- Digital goods are goods that can be
delivered over a digital network and include music,
video, software, newspapers, magazines, and books.
• Cost of delivering- Once a digital product has been
produced, the cost of delivering that product digitally
is extremely low.
• New business models- Business model based on
delivering digital goods are challenging bookstores,
publishers, music labels, and film studios that
depend on delivery of traditional goods.
14. Different types of conversion
strategies of information system.
Four types of conversion strategy
• Direct Conversion - An entire organization stops
using the old system at one time and begins
using the new one immediately thereafter.
• Phased Conversion - With this approach, an
organization may decide to rollout its new
information system to one department at a
time. Then, after a certain amount of time, the
firm would introduce the new system to another
department.
15. Different types of conversion
strategies of information system.
• Pilot Conversion - Firm introduces the new
system to one location. Once the system
successfully achieves the firm's objectives in the
test surroundings, management may decide to
administer the system to other departments
within the firm.
• Parallel Conversion - The new system is
introduced while the old one is still in use. Both
systems process all activity and the results are
compared. Once there is confidence that the
new one operates properly, the old one is shut
down.
16. Model of Is solution
Identify
problem
Analysis
problem
select best
solution
Implementat
ion
Maintenance
and review
17. Model of Is solution
• Identify problem- In the system of IS solution
first task is that the problem need to
understand.
• Analysis problem- Finding out how information
is being handled at the moment to the solution
process.
• Select best solution- For the best result every
task need to do very efficiently so that the best
alternatives can be choose.
18. Model of Is solution
• Implementation- When the alternative has
already choose then the implementation
procedure has come. Here, the selective
alternative will be properly implement.
• Maintenance and review- When the system has
been implemented then it should continue
unless there arise any problem. If there is any
problem that need to modify.
19. Define Geographic Information
System (GIS)
• Spatial data are unique because geographic
location is an important attribute of activities,
policies, strategies, and plans is called GIS.
• “An automated system for the capture, storage,
retrieval, analysis, and display of spatial data”.
---------------Clarke
20. Support of GIS in decision making.
• GIS brings both depth and scope to the decision-
making process.
• Companies, government agencies, and other
organizations make decisions by GIS that have
far-reaching effects.
• Where a new store is built in relation to
potential customers may determine its success
or failure.
• Using geographical data models for structuring
the available information.
21. Support of GIS in decision making.
• Described a future in which the decision-making
process benefits from the geographic approach.
• Describing spatial problems and their spatial
relationships.
• GIS has tremendous potential for facilitating this
decision-making process and for revealing the
combined effect of incremental decisions.
• GIS can often reveal but do nothing about
underlying conflicts of interest.
22. Challenges of knowledge
management system
• Getting people motivated. Overcoming
organizational culture challenges and developing
a culture that embraces learning, sharing,
changing, improving
• Keeping up with technology. Determining how
knowledge should be dispensed and transferring
it quickly and effectively is a huge challenge.
• Security. Providing the right level of security for
knowledge management is key.
23. Challenges of knowledge
management system
• Measuring knowledge. Knowledge is not
something that can be easily quantified, and is
far more complex
• Overcoming shared leadership. Workers are
given a “voice”, which can sometimes cause
internal conflict.
• Keeping data accurate. Valuable data generated
by a group within an organization may need to
be validated
24. Challenges of knowledge
management system
• Interpreting data effectively. Information
derived by one group may need to be mapped
or standardized in order to be meaningful to
someone else in the organization.
• Making sure information is relevant. Data must
support and truly answer questions being asked
by the user
• Determining where in the organization KM
should reside. Does KM fall under HR, IT,
communications?
25. Define CASE.
• CASE (computer-aided software
engineering)
• Case is the use of a computer-assisted
method to organize and control the
development of software, especially on
large, complex projects involving many
software components and people.
26. Steps of a system approach
Define the
problem
Analyze the
problem
Identify
alternative
solutions
Select from
the
alternatives
Implement
and test the
solution
Evaluate the
effectiveness
and worth of
the solution
27. Steps of a system approach
• Define the problem as clearly as possible-
Every task need to define clearly for the new
system. In that case system approach done its
first task.
• Analyze the problem- After identify the system
error that need to analyze properly for the
system approach.
• Identify alternative solutions- In that steps
various alternatives have been found for the
system approach.
28. Steps of a system approach
• Select from the alternatives- When the
alternatives is being select that should be best.
• Implement and test the solution- in this step
the system implement and test for the expected
result.
• Evaluate the effectiveness and worth of the
solution- After testing system, the final outcome
can be shown. That should maintain if it give
valuable result.
29. Role of knowledge management
system and knowledge management
program in business
“Km is the process through which organizations
generate value from their intellectual and
knowledge-based assets”
---Meridith Levinson
30. Role of knowledge management
system and knowledge management
program in business
Role of KM system and KM program in
business
Common and generic:-
• Helps ensure the right information
• Gets to the right people at the right
• Time to make the right decisions
Written theories:-
• Organizational agility
• Operational efficiency
• Innovation rate
• Employee growth and learning's
• Core growth and improvement
31. Role of knowledge management
system and knowledge management
program in business
Perceived Benefits
Financial:
• Increased sales
• Decreased cost
• Higher profitability
Communication:
• Enhanced communication
• Faster communication
• More visible opinions of staff
• Increased staff participation
32. Role of knowledge management
system and knowledge management
program in business
General:
• Consistent proposals to multinational client
• Improved project management
• Personnel reduction
Marketing:
• Better service
• Customer focus
• Targeted marketing
• Proactive marketing
33. Role of knowledge management
system and knowledge management
program in business
Efficiency:
• Reduced problem solving time
• Shortening proposal time
• Faster results
• Faster delivery to market
• Greater overall efficiency
34. Benefits of using intelligent
techniques for knowledge
management
Artificial intelligence helps:
• Capture and preserve tacit knowledge
• For knowledge discovery
• Generate solutions to specific problems
• Help firms search for and filter information
Expert systems
• Capture tacit knowledge from a limited domain
of human expertise and express that knowledge
in the form of rules.
35. Benefits of using intelligent
techniques for knowledge
management
• Useful for problems of classification or diagnosis
Inference engine
• Use either forward or backward chaining
• The strategy to search through the knowledge
base
Case-based reasoning
• Represents organizational knowledge as a
database
• The new case is stored with successful solutions
in the case database.
• Continually expanded and refined
36. Benefits of using intelligent
techniques for knowledge
management
Fuzzy logic
• Software technology for expressing knowledge
in the form of rules
• Use approximate or subjective values.
• Controlling physical devices
Neural networks
• Consist of hardware and software that attempt
to mimic the thought processes of the human
brain.
37. Benefits of using intelligent
techniques for knowledge
management
• Ability to learn without programming
Intelligent agents
• Carry out specific, repetitive, and predictable
tasks for an individual user, business process, or
software application
Genetic algorithms
• Develop solutions to particular problems using
genetically based processes such as fitness,
crossover, and mutation
• To generate an optimal solution
