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Linked data tutorial 20111102

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3 Round Stones
3 Round Stones

The document describes how linked data can be used to represent information about spacecraft launches in a structured format. Key facts about Apollo 11's Command and Service Module, such as its name, mass, launch date and launch site, are represented as linked data using RDF triples. This allows the data to be interconnected and queried using semantic web technologies.

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Linked Data Tutorial Open Government Knowledge: AI Opportunities and Challenges (OGK2011) AAAI Fall Symposium David Wood 3 Round Stones Inc. November 2011
What is Linked Data?
Silos $ cat foo.txt | grep blah | sort 1970s A neat little 1980s 1990s Client-Server The Early Web package
Silos Email Databases Proprietary containers
Universal Client Ubiquitous, reusable applications URL Curation Universal Connection Web Universal File System
The Web of Documents • A global network of linked documents • A place where anyone can say anything about anything • A vast collection of human-readable knowledge (and opinion) • Documents are linked, but links are not qualified
Data Inflation Megabyte (MB) = 220 Gigabyte (GB) = 230 Terabyte (TB) = 240 1,000GB Petabyte (PB) = 250 1,000TB Exabyte (EB) = 260 or 1,000PB Zettabyte (ZB) = 270 or 1,000EB Yottabyte (YB) = 280 or1,000ZB
Universal Client Ubiquitous, reusable applications URL Curation Logic and Universal Connection interlinking Web of Data Universal Database
The Web of Data • A global network of linked statements • A place where anyone can say anything about anything • A vast collection of machine-readable knowledge (and opinion) • Statements are linked, and links are qualified
We’ve Seen This Before
RDF: A data format for the Web
RDF is ... • Resource Description Framework http://www.w3.org/RDF/ • A simple, powerful, data model • Used to define relationships between things • Designed to work with the architecture of the web • The data model for the Web of Data
Allow anyone to say anything about anything
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? id=1969-059A
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702 a Web Page
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702 a a Web Page Spacecraft
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title 23 November 2009 published size 15702 a a Web Page Spacecraft
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title launched 23 November 2009 16 July 1969 published size 15702 a a Web Page Spacecraft
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title launched 23 November 2009 16 July 1969 published size mass 15702 28801.0 a a Web Page Spacecraft
Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title launched 23 November 2009 16 July 1969 published size mass 15702 28801.0 a a Web Page Spacecraft
Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 ID Name 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1 Cape Canaveral, United States 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 2 Tyuratam (Baikonur Cosmodrome), U.S.S.R 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 3 Xichang Space Launch Center 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 ID Name 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1 Cape Canaveral, United States 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 2 Tyuratam (Baikonur Cosmodrome), U.S.S.R 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 3 Xichang Space Launch Center 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title launched 23 November 2009 16 July 1969 published size mass 15702 28801.0 a a Web Page Spacecraft
Apollo 11 Command and Service Module name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
Resource Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
Resource Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 Literal mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
Resource Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 Literal Predicate mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
Resources... • Represent things on the web, like web pages — Information Resources • Represent things not on the web, like people and places — Non-Information Resources • Can represent anything at all • Named using URIs (usually) • May not have a name — Blank Nodes
Literal Values... • Are values to work with and show users • Can be just a string of text — Plain Literals • Can have a language assigned to the them using ISO codes • Can have a specific datatype assigned to them — Typed Literals
Predicates are... • Relationships between Resources • Named using URIs • Described in Schema (or vocabularies, or ontologies)
Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Statement or Triple
Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Statement or Triple
Subject Predicate Object Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Statement or Triple
Statement or Triple Subject Predicate Object Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Statement or Triple
Statement or Triple Subject Predicate Object Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Subject Predicate Object Statement or Triple
Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
Resource Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 Literal Predicate mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
http://... Apollo 11 Command and launchsite http://... Cape Canaveral Service Module /1969-059A /cape+cana... name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a http://... Spacecraft /Spacecraft
http://... Apollo 11 Command and launchsite http://... Cape Canaveral Service Module /1969-059A /cape+cana... name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 http://... /cape+cana... mass 28801.0 a http://... Spacecraft latitude /Spacecraft N 28° 27' 31'' longitude W 80° 31' 59''
http://... Apollo 11 Command and launchsite http://... Cape Canaveral Service Module /1969-059A /cape+cana... name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 latitude N 28° 27' 31'' mass 28801.0 longitude W 80° 31' 59'' a http://... Spacecraft /Spacecraft
Simple Rules for Merging • URIs name the resources we are describing • Two people using the same URI are describing the same thing • The same URI in two datasets becomes one URI with all of the properties from both datasets • RDF data can use URIs from many different websites
Simple Rules for Merging • Graphs from several different sources can be merged • Resources with the same URI are considered identical • No limitations on which graphs can be merged
Linked Data can be merged with other Linked Data
No silos
RDF... • is a Graph data model XML is a tree data model RDBMS is a table data model • can be easily distributed • is easily mergeable • can say anything about anything • is not new the spec is from 1999 the idea, EAV, stems back to the late 1960s
The Future of Linked Data
YouTube HDTV watch Better watch videos videos Publish videos Share videos Rate videos Discuss videos
Linked Data RDBMS Use data Use data Publish data Share data Rate data Discuss data
Coming Soon Linked Data warehouses Linked Data supply chains Linked Data analytics
Further Reading http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/ http://3roundstones.com/linking-enterprise-data/ http://3roundstones.com/linking-government-data/ http://www.linkeddatadeveloper.com/
Callimachus
Credits Batman Treaty Signing http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/ (public domain) Batman_signs_treaty_artist_impression.jpg) Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, http://proton.ucting.udg.mx/galeria/3D/WEB.jpg Universidad de Guadalajara (public domain) Spreadsheet Photo Casey Serin http://www.flickr.com/photos/sercasey/351617208/sizes/l/in/photostream/ (CC-BY licensed) LOD Cloud Diagrams Richard Cyganiak, Anja http://lod-cloud.net/ Jentzsch, (CC-BY-SA) Earth weather analysis image NASA Goddard SFC http://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc/4662884851/ CC-BY Darkon Movie Poster, BBC screenshots, CAMC credit card image and book covers © their respective owners and used under Fair Use for educational purposes All other photos and drawings © 2010-11 David Wood, released under a CC-BY-SA license
Credits Head with 3D Glasses Mark Chapman http://www.flickr.com/photos/markchapmanphoto/5139429152/ (CC-BY licensed) Chasm Photo Travis S. http://www.flickr.com/photos/baggis/3860802929/ (CC-BY-NC licensed) Supply Chain Image Kevin Krejci http://www.flickr.com/photos/kevinkrejci/6141829763/ (CC-BY licensed) Sharing Squirrels Image leezie5 http://www.flickr.com/photos/leeziet/5912219625/ CC-BY-NC-ND licensed)
Thanks to • Rob Styles, Talis Group Ltd for his CC-BY licensed “Two Day Introduction to the Web of Data” slides and spacecraft example data.
This work is Copyright © 2011 3 Round Stones Inc. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License Full details at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ You are free: to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work to Remix — to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution. You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Share Alike. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.

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Linked data tutorial 20111102

  • 1. Linked Data Tutorial Open Government Knowledge: AI Opportunities and Challenges (OGK2011) AAAI Fall Symposium David Wood 3 Round Stones Inc. November 2011
  • 3. Silos $ cat foo.txt | grep blah | sort 1970s A neat little 1980s 1990s Client-Server The Early Web package
  • 4. Silos Email Databases Proprietary containers
  • 5. Universal Client Ubiquitous, reusable applications URL Curation Universal Connection Web Universal File System
  • 6. The Web of Documents • A global network of linked documents • A place where anyone can say anything about anything • A vast collection of human-readable knowledge (and opinion) • Documents are linked, but links are not qualified
  • 7. Data Inflation Megabyte (MB) = 220 Gigabyte (GB) = 230 Terabyte (TB) = 240 1,000GB Petabyte (PB) = 250 1,000TB Exabyte (EB) = 260 or 1,000PB Zettabyte (ZB) = 270 or 1,000EB Yottabyte (YB) = 280 or1,000ZB
  • 8.
  • 9. Universal Client Ubiquitous, reusable applications URL Curation Logic and Universal Connection interlinking Web of Data Universal Database
  • 10. The Web of Data • A global network of linked statements • A place where anyone can say anything about anything • A vast collection of machine-readable knowledge (and opinion) • Statements are linked, and links are qualified
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. RDF: A data format for the Web
  • 22. RDF is ... • Resource Description Framework http://www.w3.org/RDF/ • A simple, powerful, data model • Used to define relationships between things • Designed to work with the architecture of the web • The data model for the Web of Data
  • 23. Allow anyone to say anything about anything
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 27. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title
  • 28. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published
  • 29. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702
  • 30. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702
  • 31. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702
  • 32. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702 a Web Page
  • 33. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details title 23 November 2009 published size 15702 a a Web Page Spacecraft
  • 34. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title 23 November 2009 published size 15702 a a Web Page Spacecraft
  • 35. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title launched 23 November 2009 16 July 1969 published size 15702 a a Web Page Spacecraft
  • 36. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title launched 23 November 2009 16 July 1969 published size mass 15702 28801.0 a a Web Page Spacecraft
  • 37. Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
  • 38. Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
  • 39. Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
  • 40. Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
  • 41. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title launched 23 November 2009 16 July 1969 published size mass 15702 28801.0 a a Web Page Spacecraft
  • 42. Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
  • 43. Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 ID Name 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1 Cape Canaveral, United States 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 2 Tyuratam (Baikonur Cosmodrome), U.S.S.R 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 3 Xichang Space Launch Center 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
  • 44. Spacecraft Name Mass Launched Launch Site 1969-018A Apollo 9 26801.0 1969-03-03 1 1969-030A Mariner 7 411.8 1969-03-27 1 1969-043A Apollo 10 28834.0 1969-05-18 1 ID Name 1969-059A Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28801.0 1969-07-16 1 1 Cape Canaveral, United States 1969-059C Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP 15065.0 1969-07-16 1 2 Tyuratam (Baikonur Cosmodrome), U.S.S.R 1969-099A Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28790.0 1969-11-14 1 3 Xichang Space Launch Center 1970-029C Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP 15196.0 1970-04-11 1 1970-029A Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM) 28945.0 1970-04-11 1
  • 45. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ about Apollo 11 Command and nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do? Service Module id=1969-059A name NASA - NSSDC - Spacecraft - Details Apollo 11 Command and Service Module title launched 23 November 2009 16 July 1969 published size mass 15702 28801.0 a a Web Page Spacecraft
  • 46. Apollo 11 Command and Service Module name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
  • 47. Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
  • 48. Resource Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
  • 49. Resource Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 Literal mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
  • 50. Resource Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 Literal Predicate mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
  • 51. Resources... • Represent things on the web, like web pages — Information Resources • Represent things not on the web, like people and places — Non-Information Resources • Can represent anything at all • Named using URIs (usually) • May not have a name — Blank Nodes
  • 52. Literal Values... • Are values to work with and show users • Can be just a string of text — Plain Literals • Can have a language assigned to the them using ISO codes • Can have a specific datatype assigned to them — Typed Literals
  • 53. Predicates are... • Relationships between Resources • Named using URIs • Described in Schema (or vocabularies, or ontologies)
  • 54. Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Statement or Triple
  • 55. Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Statement or Triple
  • 56. Subject Predicate Object Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Statement or Triple
  • 57. Statement or Triple Subject Predicate Object Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Statement or Triple
  • 58. Statement or Triple Subject Predicate Object Apollo 11 Command and launchsite name Cape Canaveral, Cape Canaveral Service Module United States Subject Predicate Object Statement or Triple
  • 59. Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
  • 60. Resource Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 Literal Predicate mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
  • 61. Apollo 11 Command and launchsite Cape Canaveral Service Module name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a Spacecraft
  • 62. http://... Apollo 11 Command and launchsite http://... Cape Canaveral Service Module /1969-059A /cape+cana... name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 mass 28801.0 a http://... Spacecraft /Spacecraft
  • 63. http://... Apollo 11 Command and launchsite http://... Cape Canaveral Service Module /1969-059A /cape+cana... name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 http://... /cape+cana... mass 28801.0 a http://... Spacecraft latitude /Spacecraft N 28° 27' 31'' longitude W 80° 31' 59''
  • 64. http://... Apollo 11 Command and launchsite http://... Cape Canaveral Service Module /1969-059A /cape+cana... name name Apollo 11 Command and Service Module Cape Canaveral, United States launched 16 July 1969 latitude N 28° 27' 31'' mass 28801.0 longitude W 80° 31' 59'' a http://... Spacecraft /Spacecraft
  • 65. Simple Rules for Merging • URIs name the resources we are describing • Two people using the same URI are describing the same thing • The same URI in two datasets becomes one URI with all of the properties from both datasets • RDF data can use URIs from many different websites
  • 66. Simple Rules for Merging • Graphs from several different sources can be merged • Resources with the same URI are considered identical • No limitations on which graphs can be merged
  • 67. Linked Data can be merged with other Linked Data
  • 69. RDF... • is a Graph data model XML is a tree data model RDBMS is a table data model • can be easily distributed • is easily mergeable • can say anything about anything • is not new the spec is from 1999 the idea, EAV, stems back to the late 1960s
  • 70. The Future of Linked Data
  • 71.
  • 72. YouTube HDTV watch Better watch videos videos Publish videos Share videos Rate videos Discuss videos
  • 73. Linked Data RDBMS Use data Use data Publish data Share data Rate data Discuss data
  • 74.
  • 75.
  • 76. Coming Soon Linked Data warehouses Linked Data supply chains Linked Data analytics
  • 77.
  • 78.
  • 79.
  • 80. Further Reading http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/ http://3roundstones.com/linking-enterprise-data/ http://3roundstones.com/linking-government-data/ http://www.linkeddatadeveloper.com/
  • 82. Credits Batman Treaty Signing http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/ (public domain) Batman_signs_treaty_artist_impression.jpg) Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, http://proton.ucting.udg.mx/galeria/3D/WEB.jpg Universidad de Guadalajara (public domain) Spreadsheet Photo Casey Serin http://www.flickr.com/photos/sercasey/351617208/sizes/l/in/photostream/ (CC-BY licensed) LOD Cloud Diagrams Richard Cyganiak, Anja http://lod-cloud.net/ Jentzsch, (CC-BY-SA) Earth weather analysis image NASA Goddard SFC http://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc/4662884851/ CC-BY Darkon Movie Poster, BBC screenshots, CAMC credit card image and book covers © their respective owners and used under Fair Use for educational purposes All other photos and drawings © 2010-11 David Wood, released under a CC-BY-SA license
  • 83. Credits Head with 3D Glasses Mark Chapman http://www.flickr.com/photos/markchapmanphoto/5139429152/ (CC-BY licensed) Chasm Photo Travis S. http://www.flickr.com/photos/baggis/3860802929/ (CC-BY-NC licensed) Supply Chain Image Kevin Krejci http://www.flickr.com/photos/kevinkrejci/6141829763/ (CC-BY licensed) Sharing Squirrels Image leezie5 http://www.flickr.com/photos/leeziet/5912219625/ CC-BY-NC-ND licensed)
  • 84. Thanks to • Rob Styles, Talis Group Ltd for his CC-BY licensed “Two Day Introduction to the Web of Data” slides and spacecraft example data.
  • 85. This work is Copyright © 2011 3 Round Stones Inc. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License Full details at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ You are free: to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work to Remix — to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution. You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Share Alike. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.