1. Personality Disorders
Ashraf Tantawy
Professor of Psychiatry
Suez Canal University

2. Conscious
Preconscious EGO
ID
Unconscious
SUPER
EGO

3. EMOTIONAL
STABLE
INTROVERTED EXTRAVERTED
Anxious
Rigid
Sober
Pessimistic
Reserved
Unsociable
Quiet
Careful
Thoughtful
Peaceful
Controlled
Reliable
Even-tempered
Calm
Passive
Outgoing
Talkative
Responsive
Easygoing
Lively
Carefree
Leadership
Sociable
Moody
Restless
Aggressive
Excitable
Changeable
Impulsive
Optimistic
Active
Touchy
Melancholic
Phlegmatic
Choleric
Sanguine

4. DEFINITIONS
Personality - Usual Emotional +
Behavioral Characteristics
Personality Traits - Components
of Personality
Temperament - Affective Tone,
Intensity, Reactivity
Character - Moral + Personality
Traits

5. DSM IV PD
Axis II
10 Diagnoses + NOS +
Appendix
Clusters

6. Definition of Personality Disorder
1. It is an enduring pattern of inner experience and
behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations
of the individual’s culture,
2. It is pervasive and inflexible,
3. It has on onset in adolescence or early adulthood,
4. It is stable over time,
5. It leads to distrust or impairment.

7. What are Personality Disorders
Like?
People with personality disorders
typically have problems in many areas
of their lives, including social skills,
moods, and emotional states.
People with these disorders has
difficulty establishing normal, health
relationships.

8. Personality Disorders
In many of the disorders, sufferers lack the
ability to have genuine emotions including
empathy for others.
In some disorders, some have no desire to
have social relationships or they want
relationships, but are scared to reach out to
people.
Personality disorder symptoms stem from
basic personality traits that developed over
time. That is means: A person does not
“get” a personality disorder.

9. Cluster A
Individuals appear
odd or eccentric
Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

10. Cluster B
Individuals appear
dramatic, emotional
or erratic
Antisocial
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic

11. Cluster C
Individuals appear
anxious or fearful
Avoidant
Dependent
Obsessive-
Compulsive

12. Paranoid Personality Disorder
Pervasive
distrust and
suspiciousness
of others such
that their
motives are
interpreted as
malevolent.

13. Schizoid Personality Disorder
Pervasive
pattern of
detachment
from social
relationships
and a restricted
range of
expression of
emotions.

14. Schizotypal Personality
Disorder
Pervasive pattern of
social and
interpersonal
deficits marked by
acute discomfort
with close
relationships as well
as by cognitive or
perceptual
distortions and
eccentricities of
behavior.

15. Antisocial Personality Disorder
The essential
feature is a
pervasive pattern
of disregard for
the violation of
the rights of
others.
Since age 15
Sociopathy,
psychopathy

16. Borderline Personality Disorder
Pervasive
pattern of
instability of
interpersonal
relationships,
self-image, and
affects. Marked
impulsivity

17. Histrionic Personality Disorder
Pervasive
Pattern of
excessive
emotionality
and attention-
seeking
behavior.

18. Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Pervasive
pattern of
grandiosity,
need for
admiration and
lack of
empathy that
begins by early
adulthood.

19. Avoidant Personality Disorder
Pervasive pattern
of social
inhibition,
feelings of
inadequacy and
hypersensitivity
to negative
evaluation.

20. Dependent Personality Disorder
Pervasive need
to be taken care
of that leads to
submissive and
fears of
separation.

21. Obsessive-Compulsive
Personality Disorder
Preoccupation
with
orderliness,
perfectionism
and mental and
interpersonal
control.

22. PASSIVE-AGGRESSIVE PD
Negative Attitudes with
Passive Resistance to
Demands.

23. SUMMARY PART I
Paranoid Suspicious, Jealous, But Not
Psychotic or Unlawful.
Schizoid Unemotional, Cold, Indifferent.
Schizotypal Odd + Magical Beliefs,
Behaviors, Not Paranoid.
ASPD Aggressive, Unlawful, Impulsive.
Borderline Unstable, Chaotic, Impulsive
Not Aggressive or Unlawful.
Histrionic Dramatic, Seductive But Not
Chaotic.

24. SUMMARY PART II
Narcissistic Self-Centered, Entitled, Lacks
Empathy But Not Unlawful
or Chaotic
Avoidant Needs People But Fears
Relationships
Dependent Needs Relationships, Indecisive,
Fears Abandonment
Obsessive- Rigid, Perfectionist + Inefficient
Compulsive
Passive- Negative Attitudes with Passive
Aggressive Resistance to Demands

25. Psychiatric
Impact of Personality Disorders
Psychology
Physician Assistant
Physical Therapy
Occupational Therapy
Vocational Therapy
Nursing Assistance
Legal Assistance
Social Work

26. Conclusion
We have all personality traits integrated
with each other.
If one trait dominates on the other traits
then we have a personality disorder.
Personality disorders have no onset.
Personality disorders need a long time
to treat.
Psychotherapy is the main therapy for
personality disorders.