APEC 2013 Symposium, Jakarta, Indonesia, 6 December 2012

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Purwiyatno Hariyadi
Director and Professor
Southeast Asian Food & Agricultural Science & Technology (SEAFAST) Center,
and
Department of Food Science and Technology
Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology
Bogor Agricultural University
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

2. Food Security
World Food Summit of 1996:
Food security exists when all people, at all
times, have physical and economic access
to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to
meet their dietary needs and food
y
preferences for an active and healthy life.
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

3. Food Security
Quantity Stability/
Food Safety sustainability of
Quality food availability,
availability Variety accessibility and
consumption
Physical & economic
accessibility Active
Food Compliance to preferences &
Accessibility Compliance to culture & Healthy
religion life of
Individual
Intake sufficiency
Quality of household food
Food processing,
Utilization Quality of sanitation &
hygiene
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

4. Food Security
Active
&
Healthy
life of
Individual
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

5. Food Security
Selected food security indicator in APEC economies (Johnson, R. Et al., 2010).
Selected APEC Population Child malnutrition –
Economies below $1/day, children under age 5
% underweight, %
China 16,8 10
Indonesia 7.5 27.3
Active
Malaysia <2 19 &
Mexico 7.5 Healthy
9.9
life of
Peru 18.1 7.1 Individual
The Philippines 15.5 31.8
Russia <2 5.5
Thailand <2 17.6
Vietnam <2 33.8
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

6. Food Security
Selected food security indicator in APEC economies (Johnson, R. Et al., 2010).
Malnutrition may prevent the achievement of
active and healthy life for individuals
• Under nutrition
• Over nutrition
Active
• Obesity is alarming fact associated with &
poor food utilization aspect of food Healthy
security. life of
Individual
• Obesity is on the increase in both
y
developed and developing economies.
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

7. Food Security: Role of Food Diversification?
Quantity Stability/
Food Safety sustainability of
Quality food availability,
availability Variety accessibility and
consumption
Physical & economic
accessibility Active
Food Compliance to preferences &
Accessibility Compliance to culture & Healthy
religion life of
Individual
Intake sufficiency
Quality of household food
Food processing,
Utilization Quality of sanitation &
hygiene
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

8. Food Security: Role of Food Diversification?
Food diversification is
important for food and
nutritional security :
t iti l it
• Ensuring dietary
Active
diversity and quality,
&
• Strengthening local Healthy
life of
food systems, and Individual
•M i t i i
Maintaining
environmental
sustainability.
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

9. Food Security: Role of Food Diversification?
Illustration – a rice-based food policy has resulted
in many non-ideal conditions for food security in
Indonesia.
Indonesia
(i) Rice consumption is very high; 130-139
kg/capita/year Active
&
(ii) Dominant feature of consumers’ nutrient Healthy
life of
intake: Individual
• ~ 53 % of the total calorie needs and
• ~ 47 % of the protein needs
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

10. Food Security: Role of Food Diversification?
Food Consumption Pattern in Indonesia (g/capita/day): Reality vs Ideal*)
Food Groups Consumption Defiation
Reality Ideal*) (D)
Cereals 325.9
325 9 275 + 40 9
40,9
(Rice, Corn, wheat)
Tubers and trunks 40.0 100 - 60.0
(Cassava, Sweat potato, Potato, Sago) Active
&
Animal-based foods 95.9 160 - 54.1
(Meat, Eggs, Milk, Fish) Healthy
life of
Oil bearing fruits and seeds 6.0 10 - 4.0 Individual
Fats/oils 22.8
22 8 20 + 28
2,8
Nuts/legumes 22.7 35 - 12.3
Sugar 22.2 30 - 7.8
Fruits/Vegetables 197.3 250 - 52.7
*) Hardinsyah et al., (2012) Purwiyatno Hariyadi
**) Based on Ideal Dietary Pattern of FAO hariyadi@seafast.org

11. Food Security: Role of Food Diversification?
Illustration – a rice-based food policy has resulted
in many non-ideal conditions for food security in
Indonesia (
I d i (cont.).
t)
(iii) Rice issues is a political one trade of
rice: very sensitive issue Active
&
(iv)Worst effect : Healthy
life of
• Less development, less research Individual
investment i t non-rice-based f d
i t t into i b d foods.
• Less technology development
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

12. Food Security: Role of Food Diversification?
Role of Food Industry
• Food diversification need active participation of
food Industry.
• Food Industry has specific competences in
developing and operating food business to ensure
better and more diversified food Active
• food availability, &
• food accessibility and Healthy
life of
• food utilization. Individual
Better Food
Security
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

13. Food Security: Role of Food Diversification?
Role of Food Industry
Illustration Providing better value of foods
Better distribution?
Better logistics better safety?
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

14. Food Security: Role of Food Diversification?
Role of Food Industry
Illustration Providing better value of foods
Better distribution?
Better logistics better safety?
Better economic access?
Better compliance to religion?
~ IDR 1500/pack of 70 g
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

15. Conclusions :
1. Food diversification by development of food industry has a big
potential in improving food security
• improved safety,
• reduced losses,
• more diversified/more choices,
• more nutritious
• better quality
• better distribution
• better storage
• (potentially) more affordable
..................:
may facilitate the economic development,
promote and diversify international food
trade.
Promotion of Food Diversification Better Global Food Security
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

16. Conclusions :
2. With the emergence of international food trade,
strengthening global food security system is a shared
responsibility.
........
Meaning that ....
*47B
Mutual partnership
among/between APEC economies
to promote food diversification thru *67A
industrialization –leading to
leading
international trade- is essential in
strengthening global food
security.
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

17. Conclusions :
2. With the emergence of international food trade,
strengthening global food security system is a shared
responsibility.
........
Partnership in research to *47B
explore the uniqueness/
competitiveness/functionality of
underutilized food resources
*67A
Partnership in
p
production/commercialization
and trade development based
on -currently- underutilized
food resources
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org

18. %C6DB)E4>
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
hariyadi@seafast.org