This document discusses the role of research universities in regional economies using examples like KU Leuven, Stanford University, MIT, and Cambridge University. It notes that these "third generation universities" actively collaborate with industry through activities like spinning off companies, conducting applied research, and managing technology transfer. KU Leuven's technology transfer office called LRD works to promote knowledge and technology transfer between the university and industry by assessing inventions, obtaining patents, finding industrial partners, and more. The presentation argues that research universities can significantly contribute to regional economic growth and the development of knowledge economy clusters and industries through these types of technology commercialization activities and partnerships.
1. “The Role of Research Universities
for the Regional Economy
a case study
The Leuven Model
Dr Martin Hinoul
Moscow, december 10th , 2013
Business Development Manager KU Leuven R&D
2. World’s GDP and R&D Budgets !
500 Bi $ versus 360 Bi $ ?
1,74 tr $
16,5 tr $
18 tr $
3 % R&D 500 BI dollar
2% R&D360 Bi dollar
6,4 tr
$
5 tr $
1,5 tr $
2 tr $
Source : The World Bank-Reshaping Economic Geography, Hinoul
M.Hinoul
3. SIR* World Report 2012
INDICATORS
• Output
• International Collaboration
• Normalized Impact
• High Quality Publications
• Specialization Index (Gini
index)
• Excellence Rate
• 3290 Research Institutions (strong criteria)
• more than 80% of the world scientific output (2006-2010)
(Global Ranking KU Leuven 68 (universities 32) - European Ranking KU Leuven 5)
*Scimago Institutions Rankings
M.Hinoul
4. Barosso’s dream (or nightmare)
for 2020
75% of the active population should be employed in 2020 –Today in
2013 it is only 66%- A long way to go.
3% of the European GDP should be spent on R&D .
Today it is only 1,9%
One percent extra means an extra of 180 Bi€
One percent means also an extra 700.000 engineers and scientists.
R&D fine but how good is the valorization of the European research?
20/20/20 in 2020:
Reducing green house gas emissions with 20% (level 1990)
Energy reduction minus 20%
Alternative Energy plus 20%
M.Hinoul
10. Massachusetts Institute
of Technology - MIT
February
•
•
•
•
2009:
25.800 companies founded by MIT alumni
3.3 mi employees
Annual sales : 2 trillion $
17th largest economy in the world
Estimated Number Of
Companies Founded
By “Foreign” MIT
Alumni
Impact on ecosystem:
• < 10% MIT students are from Ma state
BUT: > 30% firms started in Ma by MIT
Location
Total
United States
2,340
alumni
> 50% firms started by foreign students
are located in the US
Europe
790
Latin America
495
Asia
342
•
Source: Bankboston Report (Kauffman Foundation)
Vannevar Bush
M.Hinoul
11. Stanford University at the basis of
Silicon Valley
Leland Stanford governor of California
1887 first stone of the university
1891 (March 22) opening – 559 students
David Starr Jordan – first rector
Frederick Emmon Terman
Start setting up companies such as Hewlett Packard, Varian, etc.
Build the first research parks
First Venture Capital which became later the famous Sand Hill
venture capital Road
27 Nobel Prizes, a lot of National Medals and other distinctions
Silicon Valley – more than 8000 high tech companies – hundred
thousands of new jobs
M.Hinoul
21. The Cambridge Phenomenon
50 years young
5,000 companies founded since 1960
1400 truly “HiTech”companies today. 2,500 Total Tech.
45,000 jobs
Ten $1 billion dollar companies
Two $10 billion dollar companies
Roads, airports, guided bus, rail transportation
Attracting up to 20% of European Early Stage VC
22. Key Components of the Entrepreneurial Eco-system
Cambridge
University
MRC
Laboratory
of Molecular
Biology
Cambridge
Interactive
System
Sinclair
Radionics
1960
CCL
CAD
Centre
Sinclair
Research Ltd
Barclays Bank
1970
Analysys
Cambridge
Science Park
Olivetti Research
Laboratory
(acquired by
AT&T in 1999)
Seiko Epson
Research
Lab
PA
Technology
1980
CHASE
Unilever Cambridge
Centre for Molecular
Informatics
Cambridge
Capital Group
Cambridge
Angels
EPSON
St. John
Innovation
Centre
CUE, Biology
in Business
Cambridge Research and
Innovation Ltd (CRIL)
Cambridge
Network
1990
CfEL (previously
CEC)
3i
Babraham
Bioincubator
Enterprise Link
Scientific
Generics
The Technology
Partnership
TTP
Hitachi
BP
Cambridge
Institute of Laboratory
The Wellcome
Biotechnolog
y
Trust Sanger
Cantab
Pharmaceuticals
GEIF
Institute of
Manufacturing
2000
Philip
s
Nickerson
Biotech
Laboratory
Eicon
Research Ltd
Acorn
Judge Business
School
Cambridge
Toshiba
Gateway
Cambridge
Research ET Capital
Laboratory
Glaxo
Cambridge
Enterprise
Glaxo Institute
of Applied
Pharmacology
ERBI
Avlar
Amadeus Capital
Partners
Library Granta Park
House
Cambridge
Create
Research
Partners
Park
CMI
Microsoft Research
(previously Entropic
Research)
TTP Ventures
23. The hi-tech start-ups and Networks associated with the Cambridge University
RealVNC
Virtual Network
Merged with
Andy Hopper
Level5Network
Computing
Globespan Andy Hopper
Steve Pope
Ubisense
Andy Hopper
Peter Warton
Andy Hopper
Cambridge
Andy Hopper
Andy Ward
Broadband
IPV (Telemedia Hermann Hauser Acquired by American
Pete
Acquired by AT &T Systems)
Andy Hopper
Microwave
Virata(ATML)
Steggles
Adaptive
Simon Elliott
David Cleevely
VBN
online
Splashpower
Acquired by
Western
Multiplex
Hermann Hauser Corp
Broadband
TerraPrise
Amadeus Capital Partners
Hermann Hauser
Tensails
nCipher
Mike Muller
Richard Green
Alex van Someren
Andy Hopper
Acquired by
Tudor Brown
Acquired by
Nicko van Someren
Broadcom
ARM Jamie Urquhart
Lily Chang
GE
ANT
Element 14
Icera
Acquired by
Richard Green Small
Alex van Someren
James Hay
Olivetti
Stan Boland
Stan Boland
Authur Chance World
Nicko van Someren
Simon Knowles Simon Knowles
Dick Newell
Cambridge Interactive Systems
Part of DAKO
DakoCytomation John Snyder
Dick Newell, Tom Sancha
Diagnostics
Merged with
Webtop
Acorn
Charles Lang
Hermann Hauser, Chris Keightley Cytomation Inc
Hermann
IQ Bio
Shape Data
Peter Duffett-Smith
Smartlogik
CAD Hauser
Netchannel
Acquired by
CPS
Hermann Hauser
Acquired by Dialog
Hermann Hauser NTL
Top
Jack Lang
Cambridge
Jack Lang Electronic Share Jack Lang
express
University
Information
Olivetti
Research Lab
Muscat
John Snyder
Martin Porter
Enterprise
Accelerator
John Snyder
Cambridge
Adam Twiss
Zeus
Semiconductor
David Reeves
Technology
Gehan Amaratunga
Pilgrim Beart
Florin Udrea
ActiveRF
Laser-Scan Analysys
R. O. Frisch
David Cleevely
Adam Twiss
Bryan Amesbury
Antenova
Pilgrim Beart
Richard Friend
Plastic Logic
1986-1990
ART
Polight
Technologies
Stephen Elliott
Pavel Krecmer
version (Sept 2005) – not to be used or copied without permission
Copyright – Y.M.Myint - y.myint@jims.cam.ac.uk, Dr. Shailendra Vyakarnam s.vyakarnam@jims.cam.ac.uk
David Cleevely
Cambridge
Hermann Hauser
Network
Alec Broers
1991-1995
Collin Ager
Garraint Davies
Innovia
1996-2000
Acquired by
E* Trade
Richard Friend
Until 1985
Daniel Hall
Saviso Group
CDT
Cambridge
3G
David Cleevely
M-Spatial
2001-2002 Adrian Cuthbert
Jon Billing
24. And a similar Network for Biosciences
Acquired by
Becker
Underwood
Merlin Biosciences
William Bains
Chris
Arakis
Greg Winter
John Caldwell Iain Cubitt
Evans
Changed its name
Merged with
Pestex
Diversys
Andy
Amedis
to MicroBio Group
Xenova
Cyclacel Richards
RiboTargets
pharmaceutic
Group Ltd
Microscience
Vernalis
al
Merlin Ventures
Simon Sturge
Ark Therapeutics
Chris Evans
Chris Evans
Iain Cubitt
Martin Davies
Acquired by
Vectura
Celsis
Axis Genetcs
Toad
Greg Winter
Chris Lowe
Prometic
ReNeuron Chris Evans
Cerebrus
BioRobotics
Daivd Chiswell
J. McCann
Biosciences
Biovex
ChiroTech
Chris Evans
CAT
Inc
Chris Evans
Cambridge
Chris Evans
Rapigene
Celltech
Alan Munro Sensors
Chris Lowe
Enviros
Smart
Enzymatix
Cantab
Merged by
Chris Evans
Chris Lowe
Holograms
Pharmaceuticals
Celltech
Chris Lowe
Ken Jones
Chiroscience
MRC LMB
Affinity chromatography
Group
Chris Evans
Genzyme
Chris Lowe
1960s
Purely
Daniel Roach
Alan Goodman
(UK) - AGC
David Bailey
LiDCO
Proteins
Alan Goodman
1985 1984
Philip Dean
Terry O’Brien
Alan
De Novo
Cambridge
CeNes
David Bailey
AdproTech
Alan Goodman Goodman
University
Alan
Peter Lachmann
CORE
ATM
Biotica Technology
Goodman
Until 1985
Alan
Peter Leadlay
Goodman
Kudos
Jim Staunton
Daniel Roach
Oxford
Pharmaceuticals
Alan
Alan Bimedica
. Mark Bodmer
Stephen Jackson
Hexagen
1986-1990
Goodman
Acquired by Incyte
Peptide
Goodman
Avlar
Therapeutics
Metris
Lorantis
BioVentures
Alan Goodman
Mark Bodmer
Now Acambis
Therapeutics
1991-1995
Daniel Roach
Amura
Paradigm
Stephen Smith
Salix
Alan
Therapeutics
Steve Charnock-Jones
pharmaceutical
Holometrica
Mark Carlton
Goodman
Astex
Abcam Roger Millington
Solexa
Alan
Sense
Technology
Jonathan Milner 1996-2000
Shankar
Goodman
Proteomics
Tom Blundell
David Cleevely
Balasubramanian
Jonathan Blackburn
Jonathan Milner
Chris Abell
David Klenerman
David Cleevely
Harren Jhoti
Paul Goldsmith
Akubio
Cambridge Theranostics
MC
Ivan Petyaev
Daniolabs
David Klenerman, Tony Minson
2001-2002
28. The Leuven Case
Education
Research
Foundation
KU Leuven
Brewery Den Hoorn
Stella
AB Inbev
Famous researchers
• Mercator
• Vesalius
• Frisius
• Ortelius
Exploitation research
KU Leuven R&D
Transfer Office
Stanford University (1891)
Fred Terman-1939
Hewlett, Packard,Varian(s)
IPTEC Price
IMEC
• 137 spin offs
• 300 tech companies
• 7000 researchers
• 7000 high tech jobs
• Research Parks
• Incubators
M.Hinoul
29. University Leuven
IMEC
Knowledge Centers
664 mi€ R&D, 6400 Researchers
High Tech Industrie
300 Technology Cies, 135 spin offs
Life Sciences
Nanotechnology
Mechatronics
Cleantech
Clusters
Technology Platforms
Haasrode
Arenberg
Leuven Noord
Genk THOR
Tienen FFH
Research Parks
Networks
M.Hinoul
30. KU Leuven Research & Development
Technology Transfer Office
A Bridge between research and industry
32. LRD: Mission
“Promoting and supporting knowledge and technology transfer between
university and industry”
Researchers
• Research collaboration
• Spin-offs and regional development
• IP protection and licenses
Companies
33. What is LRD?
• LRD consists of:
o
Central multidisciplinary staff
• Supports researchers in knowledge and technology transfer
o
Research divisions
• 1,422 researchers & 397 supporting
• Embedded in university via matrix structure
• Virtual organisations in which (groups of)
researchers (from different faculties
or departments) can group their
applied research, commercialindustrial and exploitation activities.
34. Intellectual property
• What do we do?
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Creating awareness and transferring knowledge
Assessing the feasibility, patentability and market potential of
an invention
Determining a protection strategy
Drafting and filing a patent application
Following up on patent procedures and costs
Negotiating and drafting NDAs, MTAs
and license agreements
Finding industrial partners
35. LRD research divisions
Faculties, departments, research groups:
quality in research and educational activities
LRD divisions/projects:
Contract and budgetary
autonomy and flexibility
incentives
36. Organisation
Management (2)
Research
collaboration
(17)
• advice
• contract R&D
• projects with
government
support (IWT,
EC, etc.)
Intellectual
property rights
(12)
• intellectual
property rights
• licensing
Spin-off &
innovation
(9)
• spin-off creation
& growth
• networks &
regional
development
• KU Leuven
Association
Finance, HR &
logistics
(39)
• financial
administration
• HRM
administration
• Close interaction and collaboration between
different units
• Regional and international networking
39. Research collaboration
• Oldest activity of LRD
• Performing research & services for companies or
governments
• What do we do?
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Creating awareness and transferring knowledge
Providing advice
Negotiating contracts
Following up on contracts
Managing research files financially
Offering administrative support
Preparing legal documents
41. Intellectual property
• Internal specialised office: protection and exploitation of
intellectual property rights
• Network of formal collaborations with different European
patent attorneys
• Patent Fund: selective support of research groups to
help them cover their initial costs and expenses related
to patenting needs
42. Intellectual property
• 156 patent applications in 2011
o
o
496 active patent families
49 PCTs
In numbers
2011
Reported findings
154
Priority submissions
156
New patents
33
• 60 million euro license-income (71 million in 2012)
• Attributed patent is often the basis for setting up a
spin-off company
43. Spin-offs & innovation
• What do we do?
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Developing business plans
Validating business models and the market
Offering legal support
Putting together a competent team
Finding investors
Finding infrastructure
Managing growth of spin-offs
Promoting valorisation and
entrepreneurship
Stimulating regional development,
networks and clusters
51. Spillovers and multipliers
• Spin-offs between 2006 - 2010:
– K.U.Leuven direct investments: 4,7 M€
– Gemma Frisius Fund investments: 12 M€
– Other third party investments: 476 M€
53.
Seed Capital – Venture Capital – 500 million €
Risicokapitaal Arr. Leuven (2002) : 200 miljoen euro
Servifund
12%
Gemma Frisius
Fonds 1
7%
Stonefund
19%
Beluga
12%
Softw are Holding
& Finance
8%
Gemma Frisius
Fonds 2
7%
IMEC
Incubatiefonds
3%
Capricorn Venture
Partners
12%
Quest
Management
20%
54. Spillovers and multipliers
• Patent portfolios:
– K.U.Leuven R&D, 454 active patent families of which 90%
economically exploited
– Multiplier effects of patent portfolios of spin-off companies
sectoral multipliers of 3 to 4
58. Incubation & seed financing
•
Gemma Frisius Fund KU Leuven (GFF)
o
o
Seed capital for spin-off companies
GFF founded in 1997 & GFF II in 2002
•
o
At the end of 2009 GFF and GFF II merged into one single fund
Partners:
•
•
o
KU Leuven (20% of capital)
Two banks: KBC Private Equity (40%) and BNP Paribas Fortis Private
Equity (40%)
Combination between:
•
•
o
o
Knowledge and technology transfer expertise
(university)
Financial expertise (financial partners)
Not restricted to one technology domain
25 million euro invested in 38 spin-off
companies
59. Regional and interregional development
• Partners:
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
City of Leuven
Province of Flemish Brabant
Vinnof
CREA - European Commission
KBC Private Equity
BNP Paribas Fortis Private Equity
imec
VIB
• ELAt: Eindhoven - Leuven - Aachen triangle
o
o
Cross-border and interregional network
Stimulation of knowledge economy
• HAE : Health Axis Europe (Heidelberg, Leuven, Cambridge)
60. Networks
• Stimulating knowledge exchange and partnering with
other high-tech businesses (both SMEs and large
companies) and innovation actors
• Horizontal networks:
o
o
Leuven.Inc
Flanders Smart Hub
62. Science parks, business centres
& incubators
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Arenberg Science Park
Haasrode Science Park
Leuven Noord Science Park
Waterschei - Genk Science Park
Tienen Science Park
Ubicenter
Remy Campus
Leuven Business Centre
63. Science parks, business centres
& incubators
•
•
•
•
Leuven Bio-Incubators
Tienen Biogenerator
KU Leuven Innovation & Incubation Centre (I&I)
Kortrijk Innovation & Incubation Centre (IICK)
65. 12 Lessons from Leuven
1. Basis is a critical mass of high quality research
2. Create an appropriate entrepreneurial climate in a university
context
3. Create a legal framework with respect to exploitation of
academic research
4. Clear incentives and policies to encourage research groups and
departments to actively seek knowledge transfer opportunities
5. Create a professional Interface Unit – An Integrated approach on
research valorisation: multidisciplinary team & “high value” services
6. Create a Seed Capital and/or Venture Capital Fund
66. 12 Lessons from Leuven
7. Foster spin-offs from your university research
8. Clear ownership of Intellectual Property
9. Improving awareness among federal, regional and local
shareholders
10. Supporting a forum for business, academia, government and
supporting organisations to build partnerships by sharing new
ideas and best practices. Importance of the networks.
11. Focus on Focus and Enthusiasm
12. Quality of life
67. Success factors
• A critical mass of high quality research
• Multidisciplinary team & high value support
• Clear incentives to encourage researchers and research
groups
• Favourable entrepreneurial climate within the university
• Legal context in Flanders
• Instruments and networks that further professionalise
technology transfer support
68. Towards an
Entrepreneurial Society
“The rise of the entrepreneur is not just about
economics.
It reflects profound changes from individual
careers to the social contract.
It signals the birth of an entrepreneurial society”
-The EconomistMarch 14, 2009
69. The Value Chain is the barometer
1. Knowledge Centers
2. Entrepreneurs
3. Role Models
4. Money
5. Capital Markets
6. Infrastructure
7. Cluster Policy
8. International Companies
9. Networks
10. Government
11. Quality of Life
Source : Hinoul, Gibbons, Saxenian
70. What makes a region attractive for talent?
Location – such as Silicon Valley, California – Sophia Antipolis, Mediteranée –
Heidelberg Old University
Universities or Research Centers - Magnets for talent
See Jiao Tong University League e.g. Stanford, Harvard, Princeton, IMEC
Leuven, LETI Grenoble, CERN Geneva.
Presence of top Succesful Companies Microsoft, Intel, Google, ASML, LMS…
Presence of Strong Individuals – Role Models
Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, Larry Page and even Nobel price winners.
Presence of Successful Clusters
San Diego Biotech-Golden Triangle – North Carolina Research triangle
Fiscal System – Salaries, tax incentives, research budgets
Quality of Life – Leisure, Housing, Medical care, International schools, culture…
Source: M. Hinoul – 7th Annual Conference – Technopolicy Network –
Heidelberg 2010
71. Towards a new Form of Culture
All things are
possible attitude
Risk Taking
We have not enough
spin-offs who fail
Co-competition
Stock options
Based on Meritocracy
Serial
Entrepreneurs
Time for the next big thing
CULTURE
Cross-pollination
Inflection Point
(Andy Grove)
Cross-investments
State of mind
Networking
Jumping on the Next Curve
(Oracle)
Failure
Badge of merit
Source : M. Hinoul
±
74. Leuven Entrepreneurs
A new generation
.
A.OOSTERLINCK
J. DEJAEGER
D. COLLEN
P. STOFFELS
S. BIJNENS
U. VAN DEURZEN
J. CALLEWAERT
B. VAN COPPENOLLE
F. VAN CRAEN
T. DE PROFT
75.
76.
77. Speech recognition
Data screening
Micro electronics
Cloud computing
Components
Interplanetary
Space Flights
Ground Navigation
Suborbital
Space flights
Small satellites
Platform & pay load
Nuclear Medicine
Medical devices
Drug Delivery
Bio Informatics
Stemcells
Interdisciplinary Research
Clusters and Research Directions
Confidential-M.Hinoul
78. Clusters and Interdisciplinary Research
at Skolkovo
Director
TTO
Research Collaboration
IPR(Royalties,Licencing)
Spin offs – Start ups
Finance (Seed, VC, IPO)
5 Research Programs
(Clusters)
Research Centers
Interdisciplinary
approach
A close interaction
between different
research divisions
Technopark
(a state of the art
infrastructure)
Russian &
International Cies
Russian & International
Research Centers
79. Dual Incentive Mechanism
Russian & International
Universities
Russian & International
Cies
SIST
Technopark
Striving for scientific excellence
Gearing this excellence towards application and
technological innovation
Creation of the Knowledge Economy Region Skolkovo
80. Contact
KU Leuven Research & Development (LRD)
Waaistraat 6 – box 5105
3000 Leuven, Belgium
Tel.+32 16 32 65 00
lrd@kuleuven.be
lrd.kuleuven.be