Black Sea

2. The Black Sea is a sea in Southeastern
Europe. It is bounded by Europe, Anatolia and
the Caucasus and is ultimately connected to
the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean and
the Aegean Seas and various straits. The
Bosphorus Strait connects it to the Sea of
Marmara, and the strait of the Dardanelles
connects that sea to the Aegean Sea region of
the Mediterranean. These waters separate
eastern Europe and western Asia. The Black
Sea is also connected to the Sea of Azov by
the strait of Kerch.

3. The Black Sea forms in an
east-west trending elliptical
depression which lies between
Bulgaria ,Georgia, Romania,
Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. It
is constrained by the Pontic
Mountains to the south and by
the Caucasus Mountains to the
east, and features a wide shelf
to the northwest.

4. Circular arrangement of water sources
and the existence of a single external
links - the Bosporus, the Sea
of ​​Marmara, Dardanelles - the ocean,
with relatively moderate water heating
by the sun, causes almost total lack of
vertical sea currents and the existence
of only horizontal currents on a huge
circular route against clockwise.

5. Biocenosis include lower
algae, green algae, brown
and red. Animals are
represented by worms,
molluscs, fish and birds
and in close atmosphere
gulls.
Pontic habitat can be
divided into four main
floors:
->supralitoral floor
->mediolitoral floor
->sublitoral floor
->elitoral floor.