Pre.Per. รักของเรายังค้างคา

1. 417-
417-101 English I Name:…………………………………..Nickname:……………
ID No. ………………………………….Group No. ………
PRESENT PERFECT
FORM
Positive sentence
has V3
subject object / modifier time phrase
have past participle
I seen Avatar ten times
You studied at PSU, Pattani Campus since June 2010.
have
We finished the term project before 15 September
Those students been in Pattani for two years.
Sandra read Harry Potter since 2006.
Mark has learned English and French for 12 years.
My car broken down three times this week.
Negative sentence
has/ have V3
subject object / modifier time phrase
+ not past participle
I seen Avatar ten times
You have not studied at PSU, Pattani Campus since June 2010.
We (haven’t) finished the term project before 15 September
They been in Pattani for two years.
Sandra read Harry Potter since 2006.
has not
Mark learned English and French for 12 years.
(hasn’t)
My car broken down three times this week.
Question
V3
question word has/ have subject
subject object / modifier
past participle
Has the term project - gone up?
-
Have they ever been to France?
When has Sara worked for this company?
How long have you ever read Harry Potter?

2. USAGE
The Present Perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past.
specified,
The time of the action is before now but not specified and we are often more
interested in the result than in the action itself.
1. We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about experiences. It is important if
we have done it in our lives or not. It is not important when we did it.
I have been abroad two times.
Anna has never broken a leg.
Have you ever eaten sushi?
*Tip! We often use never and ever with the Present Perfect Tense to talk about
experience.
2. We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about an action which started in the
past and continuous up to now.
I have been a teacher for more than ten years.
We haven't seen Janine since Friday.
How long have you been at this school?
*Tip! We often use since and for to say how long the action has lasted.
3. We also use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about a past action that has the
result in the present.
I have lost my wallet. = I don't have it now.
Jimmy has gone to South America. = He isn't here now.
Have you finished your homework? = Is your homework ready?
*Tip! We often use just, already and yet with the Present Perfect Tense for
an action in the past with the result in the present.
EXERCISE: Correct the mistakes.
1) The baby _________________ (just / begin) to cry.
2) Mike _________________ (not / sleep) since yesterday.
3) I _________________ (not / be) the beach since last six months.
4) _________________ she _________________ (see) the Lords of the Ring?
5) He _________________ (know) her for years. They are best friends.

3. EXERCISE:
EXERCISE: Let’s make sentences in the Present Perfect
1) (I / go / to the library today) ____________________________________________________
2) (you / keep a pet for three years) _______________________________________________
3) (you / come here before)? _______________________________________________________
4) (it / rain all day)? _________________________________________________________________
5) (who / we / forgot to invite)? _____________________________________________________
6) (we / not / hear that song already) _______________________________________________
7) (he / not / forget his books) _____________________________________________________
8) (she / steal all the chocolate) _____________________________________________________
9) (I / explain it well)? ______________________________________________________________
10) (who / he / meet recently)? ______________________________________________________
11) (how / we / finish already)? _______________________________________________________
12) (he / study Latin) _________________________________________________________________
13) (I / know him for three months) _________________________________________________
14) (where / you / study Arabic)? _____________________________________________________
15) (what countries / they / visit in Europe)? _________________________________________
EXERCISE:
EXERCISE: Fill in the blanks with the Present Perfect of the verbs in (brackets)
Patsy is a very special girl. She is only three years old, but she
__________ (make) some amazing things. She __________ (build) tall
building and enormous bridges. She __________ also __________ (plan)
very unusual cities and towns. She __________ (drive) cars on roads
and she __________ already __________ (build) a new ride for his amusement park.
Patsy __________ (not start) school yet, but she is very clever. Do you know how she
__________ (do) all this? With the help of his building bricks!
EXERCISE:
EXERCISE: Put the verbs in the (brackets) in the Present Perfect or Past Simple
Simple
Julie: __________ you ever __________ anyone famous? Scott: __________ you ever __________ to play an
(meet) instrument? (learn)
Scott: Yes, I __________ actually. When I __________ in Julie: No, I __________. What about you?
Mexico on vacation. (be)
Julie: Really, Who __________ you __________? (meet) Scott: Well, I __________ to learn the piano at
school. (try)
Scott: Mick Jagger. He __________ in the same Julie: __________ you any good? (be)
restaurant as me. (be)
Scott: No, I __________ no idea what I was
doing. (have)

4. Past
The Present Perfect Tense & the Past Simple Tense
Present Perfect Past Simple
The present perfect is used when the The simple past is used when the time
time period has NOT finished: period HAS finished
finished:
I have seen three movies this week. I saw three movies last week..
(=This week has not finished yet.) (=Last week is finished.)
The present perfect is often used when The simple past is used when giving
giving recent news: older information:
Martin has crashed his car again. Martin crashed his car last year.
(=This is new information.) (=This is old information.)
The present perfect is used when the The simple past is used when
time is not specific: the time is clear:
I have seen that movie already. I saw that movie on Thursday.
(=We don't know when.) (=We know exactly when.)
The present perfect is used with for and The simple past is used with for and
since,
since when the actions have not finished since when the actions have already
since,
yet:
yet finished:
finished
I have lived in Victoria for five years. I lived in Victoria for five years.
for
(=I still live in Victoria.) (=I don't live in Victoria now.)
* Note: When we want to give or ask details about when, where, who, we use the
past simple.. Example: He read 'War and Peace' last week. week
EXERCISE:
EXERCISE: Put the verbs in brackets into the gaps.
1) We _________________ (work) in a department store in May 2002.
2) Tommy _________________ (break) the window of the gym this morning.
3) I’m really sorry. I _________________ (forget) my diary.
4) Last Monday she _________________ (check) her Email.
5) We _________________ (clean) the bike, It looks new again.
6) Five years ago Mary _________________ (visit) George.
7) I _________________ (not/ be) to Singapore yet.
8) Yesterday she _________________ (play) volleyball with her
classmates.
9) _________________ you ever _________________ (do) magic tricks?
10) The student _________________ (not/ write) a tex6t message yet.

5. PRESENT PERFECT + ever, never, already, yet
The adverbs ever and never express the idea of an unidentified time before now
e.g. Have you ever visited Berlin?
I have never visited Berlin.
Ever Never
Ever is used in questions Never means at no time before now and
now,
Have you ever been to Malaysia? is the same as 'not ever'
ever'.
Has he ever met Harrison Ford? I have never visited Berlin.
Ever is used in negative questions Never means the subject hasn't had a
Haven't they ever been to Singapore? certain experience before.
Haven't you ever had Italian food? A: Have you ever been abroad?
B: No, I've never been abroad.
(I've never had that experience before.)
In negative statements using the pattern Never can be used in negative questions
nothing.......ever, nobody.......ever to show the surprise that you've never
Nobody has ever said that to me before. had a certain experience before.
Nothing like this has ever happened to us. Have you never played soccer?
Ever is also used with 'The first time...’. BE CAREFUL!
time...’
It's the first time I've ever eaten snails. You must not use never and not
This is the first time I've ever been to UK. together:
I haven't never been to Italy.
I have never been to Italy.
Position 'Ever' and 'never' are always placed before the main verb (past participle)
Position: participle).
EXERCISE: ‘ever’ or ‘never
1) Have you _________________ eaten lobster?
2) I have _________________ been to France.
3) I think I have _________________ really known you.
4) That’s the smallest car I have _________________ ridden in.
5) She is probably the most fascinating woman I have _________________ met.
6) Have your children _________________ had Almond-butter ice-cream?
7) You cannot say what the greatest movie is if you have ____________ seen “Avatar.”
8) If you have ____________ felt or known real love, you know it is well worth the wait.

6. Already and Yet:
Already Yet
Already refers to an action that has Yet is used in negative statements and
statements
happened at an unspecified time before questions when we are expecting
now.
now It suggests that there is no need something to happen and goes at the
for repetition, end of the sentence.
I've already drunk three coffees. I haven't met her yet
yet.
(and you're offering me another one!) They haven't arrived yet
yet.
Don't write to John, I've already done it.
Already is also used in questions
questions: Yet is also used in questions
questions:
Have you already written to John? Have you bought a ticket yet?
yet
Has she finished her homework already
already? Has your course started yet
yet?
Position: Position:
Position:
Already can be placed before the main Yet is always placed at the end of the
verb (past participle) or at the end of sentence..
the sentence,
I have already been to Tokyo. Have you finished your homework yet
yet?
I have been to Tokyo already
already. I haven’t finished my homework yet
yet.
EXERCISE: ‘already’ or ‘‘yet’
already’ yet’
1) Has everybody arrived ___________?
2) Everybody has ___________ gone home.
3) Put your money away. She has ___________ paid the bill
4) I want to go shopping but I haven’t finished writing the sales report ___________.
5) Have you seen the new film of Tom Cruise ___________?
6) Although they’re playing very well, they haven’t scored a goal ___________.
7) "What time is the lawyer coming?" "He's ___________ here."
8) Cathy only moved house last week and she ___________ knows her neighbors.
9) The manager resigned yesterday, but his resignation hasn't been officially
announced ___________.
10) Haven't you done your Christmas shopping ___________?
11) I don’t want to eat anything. I’ve ___________ eaten two cheeseburgers.
12) Wait a moment please! I have not finished the last exercise ___________.

7. PRESENT PERFECT + ‘for’ and ‘since’
We often use for and since with the present perfect tense.
‘for’ to talk about a period of time (5 minutes, 2 weeks, 6 years)
‘since’ to talk about a point in past time (9 o'clock, 1st January, Monday)
For Since
a period of time a point in past time
x------------
20 minutes 6.15p.m.
three days Monday
6 months January
4 years 2006
2 centuries 1800
a long time the beginning of time
I have been here for 20 minutes. I have been here since 9 o'clock.
John hasn't called for 6 months. John hasn't called since February.
He has worked in New York for a long time. He has worked in New York since he left school.
EXERCISE: ‘for’ or ‘since’
1) Tim and Tina have been learning English ___________ six years.
2) Tommy has had a driving license ___________ he was eighteen.
3) I have worked for CS Pattani Hotel ___________ more than eight years.
4) Sarah hasn’t visited her home town ___________ she left school.
5) Joe and Josephine have been going out together ___________ Valentine's Day.
6) We've been here ___________ noon.
7) We have studied non-stop ___________ 8.00 a.m.
8) She hasn't had a day off ___________ 2000.
9) I haven't eaten anything ___________ breakfast.
10) Peter has been my best friend ___________ we were nine.