1. 1
Resumos Inglês
Vocabulary (Vocabulário)
 Family and relationship
adolescent adolescente have a good relationship with someone ter uma boa relação com alguém
argue discutir have a romantic relationship with someone ter uma relação amorosa com alguém
partner parceiro/a develop (into an adult) tornar-se (um adulto)
boyfriend namorado lifestyle estilo de vida
child criança look like parecer-se com
kid miúdo mate amigo/a; companheiro/a
relative familiar behave like comportar-se como
friend amigo/a end (a relationship) terminar (uma relação)
friendship amizade relationship (between friends) relação (entre amigos)
girlfriend namorada sibling irmão ou irmã
grown-up adulto teenager adolescente
hang out conviver upbringing educação
 Work
advertisement anúncio
covering letter
carta de apresentação (quando se responde a
um anúncio de emprego)career carreira
challenging desafiante dress code código de indumentária (o que vestir)
curriculum vitae currículo employees empregados/as
employer empregador field área
interview entrevista handshake aperto de mão
interviewee entrevistado impression impressão (de alguém)
non-volunteer não-voluntário interviewer entrevistador
pragmatic prático/a personality personalidade
skills competências punctuality pontualidade
training course curso profissional; formação qualifications qualificações
unemployed desempregado/a reference referência
voluntary work trabalho voluntário research pesquisa
volunteer voluntário requirements exigências
application candidatura scholarship bolsa de estudo
candidate candidato/a task tarefa
Grammar
 Present Simple
Affirmative Negative Interrogative Short Answers
suj. + verbo suj. + don’t/doesn’t + verbo do/does + suj. + verbo yes/no + suj. + do/does/don’t/doesn’t
I listen I don’t listen Do I listen? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t
You listen You don’t listen Do you listen? Yes, you do. / No, you don’t.
He/she/it listens He/she/it doesn’t listen Does he/she/it listen? Yes, he/she/it does. / No he/she/it doesn’t.
We listen We listen Do we listen? Yes, we do. / No, we don’t.
You listen You listen Do you listen? Yes, you do. / No, you don’t.
They listen They listen Do they listen? Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

2. 2
Uso
 Explicar coisas que acontecem habitualmente
 Exprimir factos gerais e definições
 Exprimir gostos, opiniões e sentimentos
Expressões Temporais
 Advérbios de frequência (always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly, ever, never)
 Colocam-se antes do verbo principal, com a excepção do verbo be que fica antes do verbo.
 Alguns verbos
 Understand (compreender)
 Know (saber)
 Remember (recordar)
 Like (gostar)
 Love (amar)
 Hate (odiar)
 Want (querer)
Regras: 3ª pessoa do singular
 A forma da 3ª pessoa do singular termina sempre em s.
 Os verbos que terminam em consoante + y mudam o y para ies.
 Os verbos que terminam em vogal + y só se acrescenta o s.
 Os verbos que terminam em s, ch, sh, x, o ou z, acrescenta-se es.
 O verbos have fica has.
 Present Continuous
Affirmative Negative
sujeito + verbo to be+ verbo principal + -ing sujeito + verbo to be + not + verbo principal + -ing
I’m running I’m not running.
You’re running You aren’t running.
He/she/it is running He/she/it isn’t running.
We’re running We aren’t running.
You’re running You aren’t running.
They’re running They aren’t running
Interrogative Short Answers
verbo to be + sujeito + verbo principal + -ing Yes/no + sujeito + verbo to be
Am I running? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not
Are you running? Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t.
Is he/she/it running? Yes, he/she/it is. / No he/she/it isn’t.
Are we running? Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.
Are you running? Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t.
Are they running? Yes, they are. / No, they arent’t.
Uso
 Exprimir acções decorridas no momento
Expressões temporais
 Now (agora)
 At the moment (neste momento)

3. 3
 Past Simple
Affirmative Negative Interrogative Short Answers
suj. + verbo + -ed suj. + didn’t + verbo did + suj. + verbo yes/no + did
I watched. I didn’t watch. Did I watch? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
You watched. You didn’t watch. Did you watch? Yes, you did. / No, I didn’t.
He/she/it watched. He/she/it didn’t watch. Did he/she/it watch? Yes, he/she/it did. / No, he/she/it didn’t.
We watched. We didn’t watch. Did we watch? Yes, we did. / No, we didn’t.
You watched. You didn’t watch. Did you watch? Yes, you did. / No, you didn’t.
They watched. They didn’t watch. Did they watch? Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.
Alguns verbos têm formas irregulares (tabela da última página)
Uso
 Exprimir acções que decorreram num determinado momento do passado
Expressões temporais
 Yesterday (ontem)
 Last night (a noite passada)
 Last week (a semana passada)
Regras: Verbos regulares
 Com a maioria dos verbos acrescenta-se –ed.
 Se o verbo acaba em –e, acresccenta-se o –d.
 Se acaba em consoante + y, o y transforma-se em –i e junta-se –ed.
 Se o verbo acaba em vogal e consoante, dobra-se a consoante e junta-se –ed.
 Os verbos que terminam em –y não dobram a consoante final.
 Past continuous
Affirmative Negative
sujeito + was/were+ verbo no passado + ing sujeito + wasn’t/weren’t + verbo no passado + ing
I was cleaning. I wasn’t cleaning.
You were cleaning. You weren’t cleaning.
He/she/it was cleaning. He/she/it wasn’t cleaning.
We were cleaning. We weren’t cleaning.
You were cleaning. You weren’t cleaning.
They were cleaning. They weren’t cleaning.
Interrogative Short answers
was/were + sujeito + verbo no passado + ing yes/no + was/wasn’t/were/weren’t
Was I cleaning? Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
Were you cleaning? Yes, you were. / No, you weren’t.
Was he/she/it cleaning? Yes, he/she/it was. / No, he/she/it wasn’t.
Were we cleaning? Yes, we were. / No, we weren’t.
Were you cleaning? Yes, you were. / No, you weren’t.
Were they cleaning? Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
Uso
 Algo estava a decorrer em determinado momento no passado

4. 4
 Present Perfect
Affirmative Negative
sujeito + have/has +verbo no particípio passado) sujeito + haven’t/hasn’t + verbo no particípio passado)
I have finished. I haven’t finished.
You have finished. You haven’t finished.
He/she/it has finished. He/she/it hasn’t finished.
We have finished. We haven’t finished.
You have finished. You haven’t finished.
They have finished. They haven’t finished.
Interrogative Short answers
have/has + sujeito + verbo no particípio passado yes/no + sujeito + have/haven’t/has/hasn’t
Have I finished? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
Have you finished? Yes, you have. / No, you haven’t.
Has he/she/it finished? Yes, he/she/it has. / No, he/she/it hasn’t.
Have we finished? Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t.
Have you finished? Yes, you have. / No, you haven’t.
Have they finished? Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
Alguns verbos são irregulares (tabela na ultima pagina)
Uso
 Acção que se iniciou no passado e continua no momento em que se fala.
 Present Perfect Continuous
Affirmative Negative
suj. + has/have been + verbo + ing suj. + hasn’t/haven’t been + verbo + ing
I’ve been arguing. I haven’t been arguing.
You’ve been arguing. You haven’t been arguing.
He/she/it has been arguing. He/she/it hasn’t been arguing.
We’ve been arguing. We haven’t been arguing.
You’ve been arguing. You haven’t been arguing.
They’ve been arguing. They haven’t been arguing.
Interrogative Short answers
Has/have + sujeito + been + verbo + -ing yes/no + sujeito + have/haven’t/has/hasn’t
Have I been arguing? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
Have you been arguing? Yes, you have. / No, you haven’t.
Has he/she/it been arguing? Yes, he/she/it has. / No he/she/it hasn’t.
Have we been arguing? Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t.
Have you been arguing? Yes, you have. / No, you haven’t.
Have they been arguing? Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
Uso
 Realçar a duração de uma acção
 Falar sobre situações temporárias

5. 5
 Modal verbs
 Ability: can/be able to
Present Past
I can sing. I am able to sing. I could sing. I was able to sing.
You can sing. You’re able to sing. You could sing. You were able to sing.
He/she/it can sing. He/she/it is able to sing. He/she/it could sing. He/she/it was able to sing.
We/you/they can sing. We/you/they are able to sing. We/you/they could sing. We/you/they were able to sing.
Uso
 Quando falamos sobre capacidade no presente usamos can ou am/is/are able to.
 Quando falamos sobre capacidade e actividades repetidas no passado usamos could ou was/were
able to.
 Quando falamos sobre algo que aconteceu uma única fez no passado só podemos usar was/were
able to.
 Permission: can/be allowed to
Present
I can drive I’m allowed to drive.
You can drive. You’re allowed to drive.
He/she/it can drive. He/she/it is allowed to drive.
We/you/they can drive. We/you/they are allowed to drive.
Past
I could drive. I was allowed to drive.
You could drive. You were allowed to drive.
He/she/it could drive. He/she/it was allowed to drive.
We/you/they could drive. We/you/they were allowed to drive.
Uso
 Usamos can e am/are/is allowed to para dizer que alguma coisa é permitida no presente
 Usamos can’t ou am not/aren’t/isn’t allowed to para dizer que alguma coisa não é permitida no
presente
 Usamos could ou was/were allowed to para dizer que alguma coisa era permitida no presente
 Usamos couldn’t ou wasn’t/weren’t para dizer que alguma coisa não era permitida no passado
 Obligation and necessity: must, mustn’t, have to, don’t have to and needn’t
Obrigação e regras – presente Obrigação e regras – passado
I/you must go. I/you have to go. I/you had to go.
He/she/it must go. He/she/it has to go. He/she/it had to go.
We/you/they must go. We/you/they have to go. We/you/they had to go.
Não é necessário – presente Não é necessário – passado
I/you don’t have to go. I/you needn’t go. I/you didn’t have to go.
He/she/it doesn’t have to go. He/she/it needn’t go. He/she/it didn’t have to go.
We/you/they don’t have to go. We/you/they needn’t go. We/you/they didn’t have to go.
Proibição – presente
I/you mustn’t go.
He/she/it mustn’t go.
We/you/they mustn’t go.

6. 6
Uso
 Usamos must e have to para falar sobre regras e obrigações no presente
 Usamos geralmente have to quando a obrigação é uma regra e must quando a obrigação parte do
sujeito
 Quando falamos sobre obrigações no passado, usamos had to
 Usamos mustn’t quando algo é proibido
 Usamos don’t have to e needn’t quando não é necessário fazer alguma coisa
 Usamos didn’t have to quando alguma coisa não foi necessária no passado
 Phrasal verbs
break off terminar (uma relação)
fall out with someone discutir com alguém
get on (well) with someone dar-se (bem) com alguém
go out with someone sair com alguém; namorar
grow up crescer
hang out with conviver
split up with someone separar-se de alguém
take after someone parecer-se com alguém
 Compound adjectives (adjectivos compostos)
badly-behaved mal comportado short-tempered irritadiço
big-headed convencido strong-minded determinado
cold-hearted de coração frio thick-skinned pouco sensível
level-headed sensato two-faced hipócrita
narrow-minded tacanho warm-hearted bondoso
open-minded compreensivo well-behaved bem comportado

7. 7
Verbo
Past
Simple
Past
Participle
Tradução Verbo
Past
Simple
Past
Participle
Tradução
be was/were been ser, estar forbid forbade forbidden proibir
become became become tornar-se forget forgot forgotten esquecer (se)
begin began begun começar forgive forgave forgiven perdoar
bite bit bitten morder freeze froze frozen gelar
break broke broken quebrar get got got/gotten obter
bring brought brought trazer give gave given dar, conceder
build built built construir go went gone ir
burn burnt burnt queimar grow grew grown crescer, cultivar
buy bought bought comprar do did done fazer, executar, efetuar
cast cast cast atirar draw drew drawn desenhar, puxar, arrastar
catch caught caught apanhar drink drank drunk beber, embriagar-se
choose chose chosen escolher drive drove driven guiar, impelir
come came come vir eat ate eaten comer
cost cost cost custar fall fell fallen cair
creep crept crept rastejar feed fed fed alimentar
cut cut cut cortar feel felt felt sentir
deal dealt dealt negociar fight fought fought lutar, combater
dig dug dug cavar find found found achar, encontrar
do did done fazer flee fled fled fugir de, escapar
draw drew drawn desenhar fling flung flung arremessar (se), lanchar
drink drank drunk beber fly flew flown voar
drive drove driven guiar forbid forbade forbidden proibir
eat ate eaten comer forget forgot forgotten esquecer (se)
fall fell fallen cair forgive forgave forgiven perdoar
feed fed fed alimentar freeze alfroze frozen gelar, congelar
feel felt felt sentir get got got/gotten obter
fight fought fought lutar give gave given dar, conceder
find found found encontrar go went gone ir
flee fled fled escapar grow grew grown crescer, cultivar
fly flew flown voar