1. Wild Animals
The animals which are not
domesticated by humans at home, or
which live in forests are known as wild
animals.
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2. • Various types of wild animals are found in the
forests of India. Since primitive days the wild
animals have close relationship with the
mankind. The major wild animals of India are
elephant, tiger, lion, rhino, bear etc. They live
in the dense forests.
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3. • The Sundarban of West Bengal is the home of
the Royal Bengal Tigers. Similarly lions live in
the Gir Forest of Gujarat, and rhinoceroses live
in the dense, marshy and moist forests of
Assam, north Bengal and Tripura. Elephants
and tigers live in the forests of Orissa, Madhya
Pradesh, and Karnataka and in the foot
Himalayas and Chhotanagpur plateaus.
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4. • Besides, panthers, wolves, bears, deer.
Antelopes, bisons etc. live in almost all forests of
India. Ibex types of wild goats with long furs are
found in Kashmir. Musk-deer and yaks are found
in the Himalayan region in the borders of India
and Nepal. Neel-gai is seen in Uttar Pradesh and
Madhya Pradesh. In our forests different kinds of
venomous snakes like python, cobra etc. are also
found. In almost all our forests live
monkeys, hares, jackals, foxes etc.
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5. • Varieties of birds are seen in our forests, the
most important of which are the
peacock, cuckoo, myna, horn-bill (kochila
khai), kite, vulture, hawk etc.
Swans, ducks, crows, golden
oriole, cranes, doves etc. are found almost
everywhere. Tiger is our national animal and
peacock, the national bird. The number of
wild animals is gradually diminishing as our
forests are diminishing.3/29/2014 Archana Mohanty 5

6. • Preservation of Wildlife:
• The Government of India have forbidden
hunting of birds and animals and declared it
punishable under law as the number of many
kinds of wildlife diminishes beyond
expectation. Many plans are being executed
for preservation of wildlife.
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7. • There are at present 20 national parks and
190 wildlife sanctuaries in different States of
India for preservation of wildlife. In 1972 the
Indian Wildlife Board launched a national
scheme called the "Project Tiger" to protect
the tiger population.
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8. • This tiger project ensures complete protection
to the tiger species in seven specially selected
reserves at Manas (Assam), Palamau
(Bihar), Similipal (Orissa), the Corbett National
Park (U.P.), Melghat (Maharashtra), Manipur
(Karnataka) and Sundar-bans (West Bengal).
The other vanishing species like the rhinoceros
and the lion are preserved in the Kaziranga
National Park of Assam and the Girl Forests of
Gujarat respectively.
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9. • In Orissa the Chandaka Forests near
Bhubaneswar have been declared as Elephant
Reserve and Chilika Lake as the Bird Sanctuary.
There are crocodile sanctuaries at Satkosia of
Tikarpada and Bhitar Kanika (Cuttack District)
now Kendrapara District.
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