Fireworks

STUDENTS IN SURABAYA AND
FIREWORKS

ARIF RAHMAN
Ypia/HI-2/2949618
1/1/2012

STUDENTS IN SURABAYA AND FIREWORKS

Table of Contents
I. Introduction
Table of Content.............................................................................................................1
The fact about student in Surabaya habit with fireworks .............................................. 2
The fact about fireworks and money ............................................................................. 2
Why I choosethis topic.................................................................................................2

II. A View about Fireworks .............................................................................................. 2
A. Definition of Fireworks............................................................................................2
B. What Students do with Fireworks.............................................................................2
C. The Danger of Fireworks..........................................................................................3
D. Types and Effects of Fireworks................................................................................4
E. Are Fireworks Illegal?...............................................................................................7
F. The Rules of Using Fireworks...................................................................................7

III. Survey............................................................................................................................8
My Opinion about the Survey........................................................................................9

IV. Conclusion.....................................................................................................................9
V. References..............................................................................................................9

YPIA/HI-2/MT/2949618/ARIF RAHMAN Page 1


I. Introduction

Students in Surabaya use firework the same way as those in other
countries.Fireworks won’t be absent on a festival in Indonesia especially when it is held
at night and in Indonesia fireworks are often used when Ramadan and new year are
coming. Students always buy fireworks when those days are coming. Sometimes
students abuse the use of firework that can be so dangerous and they are not responsible
for the effects.
Many people said that when we buy a firework, it means that we burn our
Money but when you can control your money its alright to buy the fireworks because
when you cant control your money will be completly empty. Behind of the beautiful
effect any side effect maybe waiting for you.
We know that firework isbeautiful but behind thebeauty of this thing it has
many side effect. Therefore, I want people who read this paper will realize what the
fireworktrulyis and make a good decision about it andthink twice about this thing.
II. A View about Fireworks
A. Definition of Fireworks
Fireworks in the Wikipedia are a class of explosive pyrotechnic devices used for
aesthetic and entertainment purposes. The most common use of a firework is as part
of a fireworks display. A fireworks event (also called a fireworks show or
pyrotechnics) is a display of the effects produced by firework devices. Fireworks
competitions are also regularly held at a number of places. Fireworks (devices) take
many forms to produce the four primary effects: noise, light, smoke, and floating
materials (confetti for example). They may be designed to burn with flames and
sparks of many colors, typically red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, and silver.
Displays are common throughout the world and are the focal point of many cultural
and religious celebrations.

B. What Surabaya Students Do with Fireworks
Truly Surabaya students not only use fireworks to celebrate the New Year’s
Eve or Ramadan moon, some Time they use it to scary their friends or just make a
noise to attract the other senior high school students to make their more famous with
that. They do that because they don’t know how to use it and choose to just ignore the
rule. Sometimes when Ramadan moon come they spent their Money to buy fireworks
andsometimes they steel their moms Money to buy it. It means that he just spent their
Money useless.



C. The Danger of Fireworks
Fireworks are beautiful and but behind that beautiful fireworks have many
dangerous think physically or spiritual. Like a fire explosion that can make someone
hurt or died, and when the place is not suitable for fireworks it can be so dangerous
because it can make a Building on fire. Spiritually it can make someone forget about
what must they do or they choose fireworks than pray to God it almost happen on
TheRamadan moon where the school start later so they can sleep late night and use
that time to playing firecracker and the side effect of that they feel sleepy. In
surabayalike a last Ramadhan(29/8/2011) that was 13 people hurt and 5 Among them
Amputees on of them is still under five years
Some others side effect of firework are:

- Fireworks Can Be Toxic to Humans

Depending on the effect sought, fireworks produce smoke and dust that
contain various heavy metals, sulfur-coal compounds and other noxious chemicals.
Barium, for instance, is used to produce brilliant green colors in fireworks displays,
despite being poisonous and radioactive. Copper compounds are used to produce blue
colors, even though they contain dioxin, which has been linked to cancer. Cadmium,
lithium, antimony, rubidium, strontium, lead and potassium nitrate are also commonly
used to produce different effects, even though they can cause a host of respiratory and
other health problems.

- Fireworks Contribute to Environmental Pollution

The chemicals and heavy metals used in fireworks also take their toll on the
environment, sometimes contributing to water supply contamination and even acid
rain. Their use also deposits physical litter on the ground and into water bodies for
miles around. As such, some U.S. states and local governments restrict the use of
fireworks in accordance with guidelines set by the Clean Air Act. The American
Pyrotechnics Association provides a free online directory of state laws across the U.S.
regulating the use of fireworks.

- Fireworks Add to Worldwide Pollution

Of course, fireworks displays are not limited to U.S. Independence Day
celebrations. Fireworks use is increasing in popularity around the world, including in
countries without strict air pollution standards. According to The Ecologist,
millennium celebrations in 2000 caused environmental pollution worldwide, filling
skies over populated areas with “carcinogenic sulphur compounds and airborne
arsenic.”



D. Types and Effects of Fireworks
There are many types of fireworks that people use. According to Wikipedia, there are
20 types and 4 effects of fireworks:
1. Peony:spherical break of colored stars that burn without a tail effect. The peony is
the most commonly seen shell type.
2. Chrysanthemum:A spherical break of colored stars, similar to a peony, but with
stars that leave a visible trail of sparks.
3. Dahlia: Essentially the same as a peony shell, but with fewer and larger stars. These
stars travel a longer-than-usual distance from the shell break before burning out. For
instance, if a 3" peony shell is made with a star size designed for a 6" shell, it is then
considered a dahlia. Some dahlia shells are cylindrical rather than spherical to allow
for larger stars.
4. Willow: Similar to a Chrysanthemum, but has less of an ongoing flare after ignition
of the shell. In addition, the flame trails gradually extinguish, and in doing so, falls
creating a willow branch-like effect.
5. Ground Bloom Flower: A minute barrel-like figure that, when ignited, releases a
small flare with an ongoing good thrust in order to rapidly spin and cause the illusion
that it's coming from all angles. As it spins, the color of the flame will usually change
and often ends with an orange flame color (color of a burning hydrocarbon in
oxygen).
6. Palm: A shell containing a relatively few large comet stars arranged in such a way
as to burst with large arms or tendrils, producing a palm tree-like effect. Proper palm
shells feature a thick rising tail that displays as the shell ascends, thereby simulating
the tree trunk to further enhance the "palm tree" effect. One might also see a burst of
color inside the palm burst (given by a small insert shell) to simulate coconuts.
7. Ring: A shell with stars specially arranged to create a ring like shape. Variations
include smiley faces, hearts, and clovers.
8. Diadem: A type of Peony or Chrysanthemum with a center cluster of non-moving
stars, normally of a contrasting color or effect.
9. Kamuro: Kamuro is a Japanese word meaning "Boys Haircut" which is what this
shell looks like when fully exploded in the air. A dense burst of glittering silver or
gold stars which leave a heavy glitter trail and are very shiny in the night's sky.
10. Crossette: Crossette is an effect characterized by a "star" which quickly shoots
outward in four directions from the initial comet. When multiple crossette shells are
fired simultaneously, the result is a mass of criss-crossing trails, hence the name
"crossette". Each specialized star in a crossette shell contains a small shot hole that
effectively divides the star into four sides. The shot hole is packed with an explosive
powder. When the charge ignites, the star splits into four segments that propel



outward. Once limited to silver or gold effects, colored crossettes such as red, green,
or white are now very common.



11. Spider: A shell containing a fast burning tailed or charcoal star that is burst
very hard so that the stars travel in a straight and flat trajectory before slightly
falling and burning out. This appears in the sky as a series of radial lines much
like the legs of a spider.

12. Horsetail:Named for the shape of its break, this shell features heavy long-
burning tailed stars that only travel a short distance from the shell burst before
free-falling to the ground. Also known as a waterfall shell. Sometimes there is a
glittering through the "waterfall."

13. Time rain: An effect created by large, slow-burning stars within a shell that
leave a trail of large glittering sparks behind and make a sizzling noise. The
"time" refers to the fact that these stars burn away gradually, as opposed to the
standard brocade "rain" effect where a large amount of glitter material is
released at once.

14. Multi-break shells: A large shell containing several smaller shells of various
sizes and types. The initial burst scatters the shells across the sky before they
explode. Also called a bouquet shell. When a shell contains smaller shells of the
same size and type, the effect is usually referred to as "Thousands". Very large
bouquet shells (up to 48 inches) are frequently used in Japan.

15. Fish: Shells that have the property of launching the flaming debris in all
different directions. Also, what gives them their identities are the flares
swarming in random directions.

16. Salute: A shell intended to produce a loud report rather than a visual effect.
Salute shells usually contain flash powder, producing a quick flash followed by
a very loud report. Titanium may be added to the flash powder mix to produce
a cloud of bright sparks around the flash. Salutes are commonly used in large
quantities during finales to create intense noise and brightness. They are often
cylindrical in shape to allow for a larger payload of flash powder, but ball
shapes are common and cheaper as well. Salutes are also called Maroons.
Another type of salute is the lampare. A lampare shell has the flash powder
used in a regular salute, but is filled with a flammable liquid. When the shell
explodes it has a loud report with a fireball.



17. Mine: A mine (aka. pot à feu) is a ground firework that expels stars and/or
other garnitures into the sky. Shot from a mortar like a shell, a mine consists of
a canister with the lift charge on the bottom with the effects placed on top.
Mines can project small reports, serpents, small shells, as well as just stars.
Although mines up to 12 inches (300 mm) in diameter appear on occasion, they
are usually between 3 and 5 inches (76 and 130 mm) in diameter.

18. Bengal fire: Bengal fire or Bengal light produces a steady, vivid, blue-colored
light. It is often made using combinations of potassium nitrate and copper
compounds

19. Roman candle: A Roman candle is a long tube containing several large stars
which fire at a regular interval. These are commonly arranged in fan shapes or
crisscrossing shapes, at a closer proximity to the audience. Some larger Roman
candles contain small shells (bombettes) rather than stars.

20. Cake: A cake is a cluster of individual tubes linked by fuse that fires a series
of aerial effects. Tube diameters can range in size from 1⁄4 to 4 inches (6 to 100
mm), and a single cake can have over 1,000 shots. The variety of effects within
individual cakes is often such that they defy descriptive titles and are instead
given cryptic names such as "Bermuda Triangle", "Pyro Glyphics","Summer
Storm", "Waco Wakeup", and "Poisonous Spider", to name a few. Others are
simply quantities of 2.5"-4" shells fused together in single-shot tubes.

------Noise-related effects------

1.Bangs and Report: The bang is the most common effect in fireworks and sounds
like a gunshot, technically called a report.

2. Crackle: The firework produces a crackling sound.

3. Hummers: Tiny tube fireworks that are ejected into the air spinning with such force
that they shred their outer coating, in doing so they whizz and hum.

4. Whistle: High pitched often very loud screaming and screeching created by the
resonance of gas. This is caused by a very fast strobing (on/off burning stage) of the
fuel. The rapid bursts of gas from the fuel vibrate the air many hundreds of times per
second causing the familiar whistling sound. It is not – as is commonly thought –
made in the conventional way that musical instruments are using specific tube shapes
or apertures. Common whistle fuels contain benzoate or salicylate compounds and a
suitable oxidizer such as potassium perchlorate.



E. Are FireworksIllegal?
Fireworks are one of the explosion thing, it means that fireworks truly is
illegal in Indonesia and use of this thing is very strict. But many people who just
thinkin about Money importit from the foreign country (many of it is from China)
and sell it with illegal. Its Easy in Indonesia to sell it because of lack of the security
in this country.
In the Dutch colonial era in Indonesia has laws to regulating the use of
fireworks, in LembagaNegara(LN) years 1940 no. 41.the threat of imprisonment of
three months and a fine of Rp 7,500 if the violation of "making, selling, storing,
distributing fireworks and firecrackers.Perhaps because the regulation is outdated
and too "antique", then the government has issued various regulations, including to
change the laws in “UU darurat year 1950” that can make someone could reach for
18 years in Prisons.
So you must very carefully when you have this thingbecause you can be
arrested.
F. The Rules of Using Fireworks
rule of using fireworks is quiet simple but many people dont know how to
use fireworks.If you are going to buy or use fireworks, sparklers or any type of
pyrotechnic at home, there are some rules and guidelines that you should be aware
of:

- You must be aged 18 years and over to buy fireworks

- You can only buy sparklers with other fireworks in retail fireworks
packages

- You should always carefully follow the manufacturer’s instructions for
each type of firework.

- Light in Wide open area away from anything that could catch fire

- keep all unlit fireworks in the bag until you are ready to use them

- If any fireworks doesn’tgo, dispose it safely, never attempt to relight

Before you lighting fireworks think about others:

* Fireworks are noisy-consider your neighbour’s

* Point fireworks at the stars, not your mates



III. Result of the Survey

Question Redo Dani Septa Fahri Alfin Ivan

Do you like
yes yes yes yes yes yes
fireworks?

(a) (a) (a)
How often do you
Everynight Everynight Everynight (C) Rarely (C) Rarely (B) Often
play fireworks?
at ramadan at ramadan at ramadan
How much
Money you spent
15000 10000 10000 40000 10000 20000
to buy
fireworks*?
Do your parents
know that you
No No No Yes yes No
play with
fireworks?
Do you relight
your jammed Yes Yes No No Yes Yes
fireworks?
Where is your
favorite place to Street Street Street Street Street Street
play them?
Do you know that
many of them are No No Yes Yes No Yes
illegal?
In what event that
you usually buy Ramadaha Ramadhan Every time Ramadhan Ramadhan Every time
fireworks or you n moon moon i want moon moon i want
buy in no event?

* Currency in IDR



My opinion about this survey:

Many student in surabaya still dont know how to use or let we say playing
with the firework, There is rule to control it but they dont know it, on the otherside
their parents dont know that they are playing with the firework,it can be dangerous.
Students in Surabaya spend their Money frequently on the Ramadhan moon and its
like monthly drug because they spend their Money too much on that moon.

IV . Conclusion

In this survey i describedmany types of fireworks with every effects of
fireworks noise. I described the danger of the fireworks and the rule to use it. And
from this paper you know that mostly students in Surabaya liked to play fireworks but
many of itdont know how to use it.

We can conclude that many students dont have any information how to use it.
so There must be some Action to stop it for exemple giving their a knowledge about
this thing. And always watching them when they play fireworks because in the survey
many of their parents dont know that they playing with the fireworks. Please before
playing with fireworks –consider your neighbours and the side effect. Dont matter
how many Time that you spend to play with the firework but dont forget about the
rules and the Safety to make it fun and still safe.

“ HAVE FUN BE SAFE”

V. References

- www.fire.org.nz

-http://surabaya.detik.com/read/2011/08/30/144713/1713569/466/korban-mercon-
selama-ramadan-13-orang-5-diantaranya-diamputasi

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fireworks

-http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petasan

- http://environment.about.com/od/healthenvironment/a/toxicfireworks.htm


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