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5 THINGS YOU
SHOULD KNOW
ABOUT
FRONTHAUL
AVIAT NETWORKS
AGENDA
1) WHY FRONTHAUL?
2) CAPACITY REQUIREMENTS
3) LATENCY REQUIREMENTS
4) FRONTHAUL AND SMALL CELLS
5) TRANSPORT FOR FRONTHAUL
AVIAT NETWORKS
WHY FRONTHAUL?
AVIAT NETWORKS
THE DATA STORM
Growth from 1.6 EB per month in 2013
to 11.2EB in 2017 (66%)*
CAPACITY GROWTH
HANDHELD DEVICES
NETWORK COSTS
MOBILE BROADBAND
By 2017 there will be an increase
on 67% in handheld devices*
CAPEX will increase worldwide by 6% in
2014 to $104.5 billion**
1.5 Billion Mobile Broadband
Subscribers Predicted By 2015**
*Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index
**Source ABI Research
AVIAT NETWORKS
DENSER NETWORKS
This has several problems:
 How to meet the required coverage
and capacity?
 How to deal with interference?
 How to manage increased complexity:
 To increase spectral efficiency?
 To manage customer’s data?
 To deal with higher CAPEX and
OPEX?
the only way to deal with the data storm is to
have denser wireless networks with
increasing spectral efficiency
AVIAT NETWORKS
STRATEGIES FOR DENSER NETWORKS
RAN DECENTRALIZATION (SON, HETNETS)
TRADITIONAL MACRO CELLS
ALL IN ONE BBU / SMALL CELLS
BACKHAUL
RAN CENTRALIZATION (C-RAN)
DISTRIBUTED ANTENNAS (DAS)
REMOTE RADIO HEADS (RRH)
FRONTHAUL
WiFi OFFLOAD
OFFLOAD
AVIAT NETWORKS
WHAT IS FRONTHAUL?
‘CENTRALIZED’ OR ‘CLOUD’ - RAN
AVIAT NETWORKS
BASE STATION SPLIT
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
POWER SYSTEM
BASESTATION
TRANSPORT MODULE BASE BAND
MODULE
RF MODULE
CONTROL MODULE
FRONT HAUL
BBU / DU
(REC CPRI)
digital base band
RRH
(REC CPRI)
analog frequency functions
NETWORK
INTERFACE
AIR
INTERFACE
AVIAT NETWORKS
ADVANTAGES OF C-RAN
 Resource pooling
 Greener infrastructure (re-use)
 Base station virtualization
 Simplified management and operation
 Coordination for interference mitigation (ICIC)
 Multi technology support
 No GPS in each remote site
AVIAT NETWORKS
MAIN C-RAN CHALLENGE IS FRONTHAUL
 High capacity low latency Fronthaul is needed
 Fronthaul distance is limited due to latency
 Base band interconnection in BBU hotel
 Lack of management tools on Fronthaul links
 No statistical multiplexing on Fronthaul links
AVIAT NETWORKS
C-RAN offers many benefits for
operators however Fronthaul challenges
need to be addressed
Takeaway:
AVIAT NETWORKS
CAPACITY REQUIREMENTS
AVIAT NETWORKS
CPRI- NO COMPRESSION
WCDMA
5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz
3 Sector, 4x4
MIMO, 1 Carrier 922 Mbps 7.4 Gbps 14.7 Gbps
1 Sector, 2x2
MIMO, 1 Carrier 246 Mbps 1.2 Gbps 2.5 Gbps
LTE
Scenario
AVIAT NETWORKS
COMPRESSION OF BASEBAND USER DATA
 Multiple baseband compression
techniques are currently being
researched
 Commercially available IQ
compression causes some
distortion in IQ constellation
 IQ compression currently is below
a ratio of 3 to 1
AVIAT NETWORKS
CPRI- COMPRESSION (2.5 RATIO)
WCDMA
5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz
3 Sectors, 4x4
MIMO, 1 Carrier 369 Mbps 2.9 Gbps 5.9 Gbps
1 Sector, 2x2
MIMO, 1 Carrier 98 Mbps 461 Mbps 983 Mbps
Scenario
LTE
AVIAT NETWORKS
Compression will likely be required to
make wireless CPRI Fronthaul a reality
Takeaway:
AVIAT NETWORKS
LATENCY REQUIREMENTS
AVIAT NETWORKS
CPRI-ROUND TRIP LATENCY (LTE)
“cable length latency”
+
CORECPRI
BBU
TRANSMISSION MEDIUM
(FIBER / MICROWAVE)
RRH
IP BACKHAUL
RRH
CPRICPRI
B
C
A
A B C+TOTAL LATENCY=
}
FOR CPRI= 5 µs
STANDARD
DEPENDENT
FOR LTE (100/200 µs)
AVIAT NETWORKS
CPRI latency requirement (<200us) will
demand the use of ultra low latency
Fronthaul solutions
Takeaway:
AVIAT NETWORKS
FRONTHAUL AND SMALL
CELLS
AVIAT NETWORKS
EXPANSION USING FRONTHAUL + SMALL CELL
CELL SPLIT USING FRONT HAULTRADITIONAL MACRO CELL DEPLOYMENT
Source: NGMN
AVIAT NETWORKS
TRADITIONAL DEPLOYMENT + SMALL CELL (BACKHAUL)
TRADITIONAL MACRO CELL DEPLOYMENT MACRO CELL + SMALL CELL DEPLOYMENT
Source: NGMN BACKHAUL
AVIAT NETWORKS
Operators will use a combination of
CRAN/RRH and Small Cells
Takeaway:
AVIAT NETWORKS
TRANSPORT FOR
FRONTHAUL
AVIAT NETWORKS
FIBER / MICROWAVE FRONTHAUL COMPARISON
FIBER 70/80 GHz MICROWAVE
LICENSED MICROWAVE
(6 to 42 GHz)
CAPACITY:1 SECTOR,10MHz, 2x2 MIMO, 1
CARRIER, NO COMPRESSION
CAPACITY:1 SECTOR,10MHz, 2x2 MIMO, 1
CARRIER, COMPRESSION: 2.5
LATENCY
Capacity
WDM self seeded
PON 1 fiber upto 10
Gbps per RRH
2.5 Gbps 1.2 Gbps
LOS LOS
Parabolic antenna Parabolic antenna
LINK LENGTHS Maximum 40Km Maximum 2Km Maximum 60Km
LATENCY 5 µs per Km
3 µs per Km +
processing (between
5µsec and 50µsec)
3 µs per Km +
processing (between
60µsec and 298µsec)
CAPEX Very high Medium Medium
OPEX Low Low Low
SOLUTIONS
SITE LOCATION /RESTRICTIONS Right of way issues
REQUIREMENTS
1.2 Gbps
461 Mbps
<200 µs for LTE
AVIAT NETWORKS
Single channel compressed CPRI is the
most likely application for centimeter
wave microwave Fronthaul
Takeaway:
AVIAT NETWORKS
1. C-RAN offers many benefits for operators
however Fronthaul challenges need to be
addressed
2. Compression will likely be required to make
wireless CPRI Fronthaul a reality
3. CPRI latency requirement (<200us) will
demand the use of ultra low latency Fronthaul
solutions
4. Operators will use a combination of
CRAN/RRH and Small Cells
5. Single channel compressed CPRI is the most
likely application for centimeter wave
microwave Fronthaul
CONCLUSIONS
W W W . AV I AT N E T W O R K S . C O M

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5 Things to Know About Fronthaul Transport

  • 1. 5 THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT FRONTHAUL
  • 2. AVIAT NETWORKS AGENDA 1) WHY FRONTHAUL? 2) CAPACITY REQUIREMENTS 3) LATENCY REQUIREMENTS 4) FRONTHAUL AND SMALL CELLS 5) TRANSPORT FOR FRONTHAUL
  • 4. AVIAT NETWORKS THE DATA STORM Growth from 1.6 EB per month in 2013 to 11.2EB in 2017 (66%)* CAPACITY GROWTH HANDHELD DEVICES NETWORK COSTS MOBILE BROADBAND By 2017 there will be an increase on 67% in handheld devices* CAPEX will increase worldwide by 6% in 2014 to $104.5 billion** 1.5 Billion Mobile Broadband Subscribers Predicted By 2015** *Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index **Source ABI Research
  • 5. AVIAT NETWORKS DENSER NETWORKS This has several problems:  How to meet the required coverage and capacity?  How to deal with interference?  How to manage increased complexity:  To increase spectral efficiency?  To manage customer’s data?  To deal with higher CAPEX and OPEX? the only way to deal with the data storm is to have denser wireless networks with increasing spectral efficiency
  • 6. AVIAT NETWORKS STRATEGIES FOR DENSER NETWORKS RAN DECENTRALIZATION (SON, HETNETS) TRADITIONAL MACRO CELLS ALL IN ONE BBU / SMALL CELLS BACKHAUL RAN CENTRALIZATION (C-RAN) DISTRIBUTED ANTENNAS (DAS) REMOTE RADIO HEADS (RRH) FRONTHAUL WiFi OFFLOAD OFFLOAD
  • 7. AVIAT NETWORKS WHAT IS FRONTHAUL? ‘CENTRALIZED’ OR ‘CLOUD’ - RAN
  • 8. AVIAT NETWORKS BASE STATION SPLIT SYSTEM SOFTWARE POWER SYSTEM BASESTATION TRANSPORT MODULE BASE BAND MODULE RF MODULE CONTROL MODULE FRONT HAUL BBU / DU (REC CPRI) digital base band RRH (REC CPRI) analog frequency functions NETWORK INTERFACE AIR INTERFACE
  • 9. AVIAT NETWORKS ADVANTAGES OF C-RAN  Resource pooling  Greener infrastructure (re-use)  Base station virtualization  Simplified management and operation  Coordination for interference mitigation (ICIC)  Multi technology support  No GPS in each remote site
  • 10. AVIAT NETWORKS MAIN C-RAN CHALLENGE IS FRONTHAUL  High capacity low latency Fronthaul is needed  Fronthaul distance is limited due to latency  Base band interconnection in BBU hotel  Lack of management tools on Fronthaul links  No statistical multiplexing on Fronthaul links
  • 11. AVIAT NETWORKS C-RAN offers many benefits for operators however Fronthaul challenges need to be addressed Takeaway:
  • 13. AVIAT NETWORKS CPRI- NO COMPRESSION WCDMA 5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz 3 Sector, 4x4 MIMO, 1 Carrier 922 Mbps 7.4 Gbps 14.7 Gbps 1 Sector, 2x2 MIMO, 1 Carrier 246 Mbps 1.2 Gbps 2.5 Gbps LTE Scenario
  • 14. AVIAT NETWORKS COMPRESSION OF BASEBAND USER DATA  Multiple baseband compression techniques are currently being researched  Commercially available IQ compression causes some distortion in IQ constellation  IQ compression currently is below a ratio of 3 to 1
  • 15. AVIAT NETWORKS CPRI- COMPRESSION (2.5 RATIO) WCDMA 5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz 3 Sectors, 4x4 MIMO, 1 Carrier 369 Mbps 2.9 Gbps 5.9 Gbps 1 Sector, 2x2 MIMO, 1 Carrier 98 Mbps 461 Mbps 983 Mbps Scenario LTE
  • 16. AVIAT NETWORKS Compression will likely be required to make wireless CPRI Fronthaul a reality Takeaway:
  • 18. AVIAT NETWORKS CPRI-ROUND TRIP LATENCY (LTE) “cable length latency” + CORECPRI BBU TRANSMISSION MEDIUM (FIBER / MICROWAVE) RRH IP BACKHAUL RRH CPRICPRI B C A A B C+TOTAL LATENCY= } FOR CPRI= 5 µs STANDARD DEPENDENT FOR LTE (100/200 µs)
  • 19. AVIAT NETWORKS CPRI latency requirement (<200us) will demand the use of ultra low latency Fronthaul solutions Takeaway:
  • 21. AVIAT NETWORKS EXPANSION USING FRONTHAUL + SMALL CELL CELL SPLIT USING FRONT HAULTRADITIONAL MACRO CELL DEPLOYMENT Source: NGMN
  • 22. AVIAT NETWORKS TRADITIONAL DEPLOYMENT + SMALL CELL (BACKHAUL) TRADITIONAL MACRO CELL DEPLOYMENT MACRO CELL + SMALL CELL DEPLOYMENT Source: NGMN BACKHAUL
  • 23. AVIAT NETWORKS Operators will use a combination of CRAN/RRH and Small Cells Takeaway:
  • 25. AVIAT NETWORKS FIBER / MICROWAVE FRONTHAUL COMPARISON FIBER 70/80 GHz MICROWAVE LICENSED MICROWAVE (6 to 42 GHz) CAPACITY:1 SECTOR,10MHz, 2x2 MIMO, 1 CARRIER, NO COMPRESSION CAPACITY:1 SECTOR,10MHz, 2x2 MIMO, 1 CARRIER, COMPRESSION: 2.5 LATENCY Capacity WDM self seeded PON 1 fiber upto 10 Gbps per RRH 2.5 Gbps 1.2 Gbps LOS LOS Parabolic antenna Parabolic antenna LINK LENGTHS Maximum 40Km Maximum 2Km Maximum 60Km LATENCY 5 µs per Km 3 µs per Km + processing (between 5µsec and 50µsec) 3 µs per Km + processing (between 60µsec and 298µsec) CAPEX Very high Medium Medium OPEX Low Low Low SOLUTIONS SITE LOCATION /RESTRICTIONS Right of way issues REQUIREMENTS 1.2 Gbps 461 Mbps <200 µs for LTE
  • 26. AVIAT NETWORKS Single channel compressed CPRI is the most likely application for centimeter wave microwave Fronthaul Takeaway:
  • 27. AVIAT NETWORKS 1. C-RAN offers many benefits for operators however Fronthaul challenges need to be addressed 2. Compression will likely be required to make wireless CPRI Fronthaul a reality 3. CPRI latency requirement (<200us) will demand the use of ultra low latency Fronthaul solutions 4. Operators will use a combination of CRAN/RRH and Small Cells 5. Single channel compressed CPRI is the most likely application for centimeter wave microwave Fronthaul CONCLUSIONS
  • 28. W W W . AV I AT N E T W O R K S . C O M