Iforin kalvot Verkostosymposiumissa

1. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Cluster Navigators’ Clients
Leveraging EU Funding Europe:
Czech
Latvia
Lithuania
Through a clustering approach Denmark
Estonia
Norway
Poland
Asia: Americas: Finland Spain
Bangladesh Malaysia Georgia Sweden
Bahamas
Cambodia Pakistan Germany Switzerland
Canada UAE
China Singapore Dominican Iceland Turkey
India Thailand Ireland UK Saudi
Republic Arabia
Korea Vietnam Trinidad
USA Africa:
Botswana Mozambique
Australia Ethiopia Rwanda
Kenya Tanzania
Helsinki, 17 April 2012 New Zealand
Libya Uganda
Mauritius South Africa
Ifor Ffowcs-Williams
Cluster Navigators Ltd
New Zealand World Bank
UNIDO
Advisors
to:
Clusters … start naturally Aarhus, Denmark
Scone, Australia
• #1 wind energy cluster
in the world
Population: 5,000
• Now Vestas’s HQ
• 90% of Denmark’s
Accounts for 80% of
activity
Australia’s
thoroughbred horse • 80+ companies
exports • Full supply chain
• 11,000 employees
Bergen, Norway: the world s leading
centre for subsea technology
• 100 companies and organisations;
employing 4,600.
• Three of the world s leading subsea
production system firms, many
subcontractors.
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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2. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Norway s cluster focus
National Centers of Expertise
Bergen University:
Attracts high value
students globally
• B.Sc. in Underwater
Technology, focuses
on subsea operation
and maintenance
• New Master’s in
Underwater
Technology
Feed
Health
Research
Advisory
Fish
farming
&
Technology
&
&
&
Bodø, Norway
processing
produc3on
environment
training
finance
Ph.D and Masters degrees in English:
• Aquaculture
• Marine Ecology
• Sustainable Management
NCEA
structure
And working with local high schools The world is not flat … it’s spiky
• Marketing an exciting industry, with
international career opportunities
• Collaboration between cluster firms
and educational institutions to
ensure:
- Recruitment
- Regional pride and identity
- Knowledge about aquaculture
- Access to the brightest heads
and the best hands
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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3. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Isafjord, Iceland
Population 2,500
Community Growth Agrement covering three
key clusters: Zanzibar
Fishing, Marine engineering & Tourism seaweed
cluster
Employment
for
10,000
women
Clumps & Clutter v. Innovative Clusters
Cluster-based economic development
Clumps of firms
Moving from
clumps & clutter Local agglomerations of self-contained,
stand alone, vertically integrated,
to integrated isolated firms;
innovation systems • Little trust, limited interaction;
• Little out sourcing, subcontracting,
collaboration
• Geographic but not social proximity
Clumps & Clutter v. Innovative Clusters
Kiruna
Pajala
Gällivare
Jokkmokk
Clutter of public agencies
Övertorneå
Arjeplog Överkalix
Kalix
Luleå
Sorsele
Arvidsjaur
Storuman
Skellefteå
Lycksele
• Individual silos each with their own development
Vilhelmina
agendas for the cluster
Strömsund
Umeå
BIOREFINERY OF THE FUTURE
Åre Örnsköldsvik
• Absence of teamwork, alignment, trust
Kramfors
Östersund
Dysfunctional
Sundsvall
• ROBOTICS VALLEY
Härjedalen
Ljusdal Hudiksvall
• Remote from private sector needs Mora
Bollnäs
Söderhamn
Priorities set in isolation;
Malung
•
Gävle
Falun
Vansbro
Avesta
Ludvika
And ever changing
Uppsala
•
Fagersta
Västerås
Köping
• Different levels of government
Eskilstuna Stockholm
Örebro
Katrineholm
GöteborgBIO
Nyköping
Lidköping
EU & National/ELY & Regional Councils & Municipal
Norrköping
•
Linköping
Skövde
Tranås
Västervik
Borås
• Short term funding horizons
Jönköping
Vimmerby
Gotland
Nässjö
Värnamo
Oskarshamn
Växjö
But long term needs
Ljungby
•
Kalmar
Älmhult
Karlshamn Karlskrona
Kristianstad
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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4. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
International research
The evidence on clusters is clear
• Firms in clusters are more competitive than
similar firms located outside clusters.
France:
Major Clusters generate:
clusters • More employment
under • Higher economic growth
development • Higher wages
• Better productivity
• Higher levels of innovation
• More entrepreneurship
• More start-ups, and
• Attract more investment.
Cluster Development
The How
Step 1 Cluster development
A centre stage strategy, rather than
‘another project’
A comprehensive framework for a range of
economic development agendas, including:
• Skills, training; workforce development
• SME development; New business start-ups
• Investment attraction; migrant attraction
• Export development, internationalisation
• Rural, community development;
• Incubators; Industry/Technology Parks
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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5. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Silicon Somewhere clusters
Carefully define Some well grounded,
the cluster others politician’s dreams
Silicon Alley, Manhattan, New York; Silicon Beach, Santa Cruz; Silicon Bog, Limerick, Ireland; Silicon City,
1. Avoid generic 1. Identify specific Chicago, USA; Silicon Coast, Auckland, New Zealand; Silicon Corridor, M4, UK; Silicon Desert, Phoenix,
Arizona; Silicon Ditch, M4, UK; Silicon Dominion,, USA; Silicon Island, California, USA; Silicon Island,
descriptors, e.g. : competencies: Taiwan; Silicon Island, Whidby Island, Washington, USA; Silicon Isle, Ireland; Silicon Kashba, Istanbul;
Silicon Mesa, New Mexico, USA; Silicon Mountain, Colorado Springs; Silicon Mountain, Pennsylvania, USA;
Silicon Mountain, Massachusetts, USA; Silicon Necklace, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Silicon Oasis, Dubai;
• Engineering • Forestry equipment Silicon Orchard, Wenatchee Valley, Washington, USA; Silicon Plantation, Virginia, USA; Silicon Plateau,
Bangalore, India; Silicon Polder, Netherlands; Silicon Prairie, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois; Silicon Rainforest,
Seattle, Washington, USA; Silicon River, Missouri, USA; Silicon Sandbar, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA; Silicon
• Food products • Pork products Saxony, Saxony, Germany; Silicon Seaboard, Richmond, Virginia, USA; ; Silicon Seaside, South Norway;
Silicon Slopes, Utah, USA; Silicon Snowbank, Minneapolis-St Paul, Minnesota; Silicon Spires, Oxford, UK;
Silicon Swamp, Florida, USA; Silicon Triangle, Durham, Nth Carolina, USA; Silicon Tundra, Ottawa, Canada;
• Cleantech • Waste water Silicon Valais, Switzerland; Silicon Valley North (Ottawa); Silicon Valley East, Malaysia; Silicon Valley
Forge, Pennsylvania, USA; Silicon Valley, Iowa, USA; Silicon Valley of China (Zhongguancun); Silicon Valley
2. Avoid broad regions 2. Narrow boundaries
of Europe (Dublin); Silicon Valley of Russia (Moscow); Silicon Valley of South Korea (Incheon); Silicon
Valley of Sweden (Kista); Silicon Valley of Taiwan; Silicon Village, Massachusetts, USA; Silicon Village,
California, USA; Silicon Vineyard, Okanagan, British Columbia, Canada; Silicon Vineyard, Napa Valley, USA;
• Finland • Lahti
Silicon Wadi, Israel; Silicon Welly, Wellington, New Zealand; and Cwm Silicon, Wales. Virginia; Silicon Fen,
Cambridge, UK; Silicon Forest, Portland, Oregon; Silicon Forest, Australia; Silicon Freeway, Southern
California, USA; Silicon Glacier, Montana, USA; Silicon Gorge, Bristol, England; Silicon Glen, Scotland; Silicon
Gulch, San Jose – California, USA; Silicon Gulch, Austin, Texas, USA; Silicon Gulf, Davao, Philippines; Silicon
Hill, Massachusetts, USA; Silicon Hills, Austin, Texas; Silicon Holler, Washington DC, USA; Silicon Hollow,
Tennessee, USA; Silicon Island, Virgin Islands; Silicon Island, New York
Step 3 Initial cluster analysis
Building the base
Two thrusts:
• Initial competitiveness diagnosis, fact
based, understanding cluster’s current
situation: structure, scale, opportunities,
constraints, culture …
• Establishing platform for action,
Introducing the process; motivating key
stakeholders to participate; identifying
potential leaders ...
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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6. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Example: Board of Directors
Steel & Engineering Cluster
Värmland, Sweden
• Gert Nilson Uddeholm Tooling ordförande
• Ulf Eliasson Rolls-Royce
• Lars Blomgren Permec Group
• Kjell Edholm PartnerTech
• Anders Gustafsson CTF/Karlstads universitet
• Kjell-Åke Lindqvist Metso Paper
• Bengt Lundström Volvo Construction Equipment
• Per Eiritz ”Metso Paper”
• Ingemar Olson CCI Valve Technology
• Leif Rosén Outokumpu Stainless Steel
• Monica Schagerholm Karlstads universitet
Step 5. The preferred future Preferred future example
The Vision Ocean engineering cluster
Newfoundland, Canada
Building on the cluster’s current
competitive position … with a challenge,
a s t r e t c h factor
We will make St. John’s,
Newfoundland
an international destination
of choice in ocean technology
Preferred future
ICT, Cape Town, South Africa
• CITI will create Cape Town as the
IT gateway and training centre of
Africa
• We will operate in a dynamic and
entrepreneurial environment as a
cohesive and high trust network of
people www.citi.org.za
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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7. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Example: Keystepping stones
to achieving the vision
Newfoundland Ocean Engineering
1. Leadership, cluster culture, teamwork
2. Skills upgrading, aligning university with
industry needs
3. Branding the cluster, market development
4. R & D, technology transfer
5. Finance, venture capital
Example
Step 7 Short term, tactical Early Action Agendas
agenda Newfoundland Ocean Engineering
Establishing immediate projects that
demonstrate the value of collaboration Stepping Stone:
• Branding the cluster, market development
Early Action Agenda
For each of the Priority Steps Just
• Cluster web site, portal
• Pick the ‘low hanging fruit’ do it!
• Inward /outward missions
• Not wish lists for others • Proactive media coverage
• Airport signage
Step 9 In-depth analysis,
benchmarking
Fact based, outward focussed analysis
• Fundamentally understanding the cluster’s
competitive position, the local
specialisation
• Benchmarking v. reference clusters
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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8. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Benchmarking visits
Example: Norway’s Mountain
Tourism cluster visit to Banff
• Identify an appropriate (model)
reference cluster
• Benchmarking visits provide a
collaborative learning opportunity
• Business + public agencies + Benchmarking
academics sharing their learning
• Builds connections, trust, social
against other
capital amongst the travellers relevant
• B2B links often develop during a clusters
visit
• Visits can provide motivating data
shocks
Long-term cluster strategies
Most common cluster actions
Source: The Cluster Initiative Greenbook
Long-term agenda Long-term agenda
IT Incubator Cape Town Building one-stop-service
Home for 50 + start-ups centers
E.g. Biella, Italy
Providing specialised
support for 200 textile
machinery firms, and
1300 textile firms
1. Training
2. Applied research
3. Know-how transfer
4. Export development
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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9. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Step 11 Linking the cluster
Building on a solid understanding
of the cluster’s strengths
Three levels of leverage:
• With other regional clusters
• Provincially, Nationally, with clusters
in the same sector
• Internationally, with clusters in the
same sector
International Collaborations
Cambridge UK Medicon Valley Lifescience
Alliance Corridor France
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Step 12 Review, evaluation
24+ months after the launch Governance and Financing
Over time, sustainable clustering initiatives
Two dimensions: have:
• Triple helix governance with strong
private sector leadership
• The pay-off from the clustering process
• Leaders with passion who understand
• Is the competitivness of the cluster the broad picture
being upgraded?
• Multiple funding sources in place,
predominantly local, with support from
national & EU agencies
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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10. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Mats Williams St. John’s, Newfoundland
Center for Strategy & Competitiveness
Stockholm School of Economics
‘Find the
BIG QUESTIONS
that are common’
Oceans Advance St. John’s
Cluster 2004 Newfoundland
Ship
Design
&
Construc3on
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Fisheries
&
Ice
Engineering
Offshore
Structural
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Design
Aquaculture
CFD
Offshore
Oil
&
Gas
Naval
Numerical
Architecture
Modeling
Ocean
Mapping
Physical
Modeling
Underwater
Communica3ons
Hydro-­‐
Acous3cs
Propulsion
Systems
Underwater
Technology
Marine
Subsea
Environmental
Survival
Technology
Mari3me
Defense
Technology
Transporta3on
&
Monitoring
&
Coastal
Security
Shipping
Marine
Science
Memorial University Jan. 23, 2012
Oceans advance cluster, Newfoundland The Centre for Logistics Systems
Building Whole-of-Government support and Material Handling
Kauhajoki, Western Finland
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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11. Cluster Development & Project Funding
Helsinki April 2012
Technology Center Logistia
Technology Center Logistia
Co-operation with Research
University of Vaasa Professorship of
Logistics Systems,
and a international
Center of Learning
research team
Technology Center Logistia Financing cluster development
• No one funder should be able to unduly
influence the cluster’s development agenda
Business incubator Faartti • Multiple short-term project funding
“From idea to business” enables engagement on long-term projects
24+ new companies… • Establishing a cluster incubator?
• Training centre?
• Integrating migrants?
• Export development?
• Links with neighboring clusters, Russia …
Cluster development & project
funding
Ifor Ffowcs-Williams
CEO, Cluster Navigators Ltd
1. Cluster development is long-term 22 Examiner St, Nelson 7010
economic development New Zealand
2. Provides an integrated, sustainable E4@clusternavigators.com
framework for a series of short-term + 64 3 548 0606
project activities www.clusternavigators.com
3. Sustainable projects needs to be www.linkedin.com/in/clusterdevelopment
Skype: ‘clusterguy’
• Centered on the region’s key clusters Blog: www.e4oncompetitiveness.com
• Driven by the cluster’s strategic priorities,
not the availability of project funds
© Cluster Navigators Ltd 2012
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