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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Saturn seen by Cassini
Gas Giant Sizes http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/display.cfm?IM_ID=180
Jupiter Data http://www.vegaattractions.com/astrology/symbols.html Mean Distance from Sun 483,300,000 miles  5.2 AU Diameter at the Equator 88,700 miles Length of “Year”  (revolution around the sun) 11.86 earth years Diameter if Earth = 1 11.19 Length of “Day” 9 hr. 50 min. 30 sec. Mass if Earth = 1 317.83  Symbol Surface Gravity if Earth = 1 2.54
King Planet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Discovery
Galileo’s Sketches http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0110/ Galileo’s telescopes
Jupiter’s Satellites www.skyandtelescope.com ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fastest Day ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Missions to Jupiter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gas Giant ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Differential Rotation ,[object Object],[object Object]
Jupiter’s Differential Rotation POLAR REGION ROTATION TIME  9 hours 55minutes   EQUATORIAL REGION ROTATION TIME 9hours 50minutes
Cloud Bands ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Jupiter’s clouds move in east-west bands Reddish-colored belts alternate with white-colored zones.
Zones & Belts of Jupiter
Great Red Spot ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Jupiter & Ganymede
Voyager’s Great Red Spot http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0202/jupredspot_vg2_big.jpg
Jupiter’s Magnetism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Jupiter’s Magnetosphere http://www.boulder.swri.edu/~spencer/jupmag5na.jpg
Jovian Auroras http://www.eso.org/outreach/eduoff/edu-prog/catchastar/CAS2002/cas-projects/porto_jupiter_1/jupiteraurora2.jpg
Another Ringed Planet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Galileo Mission: Jupiter’s Rings http://pds-rings.seti.org/jupiter/
The Jupiter Comet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Impact! http://www.solarviews.com/raw/sl9/
Hubble Space Telescope View http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/sl9/image/sl9g_hst5.gif
SL-9’s Dark Spots (HST) http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/9808/sl9gevol_hst_big.jpg
Jupiter’s Satellites ,[object Object],[object Object]
Satellites Jupiter’s first 16 satellites (in order outward from Jupiter) Galilean Satellites Metis Io Leda Ananke Adrastae Europa Himalia Carme Amalthea Ganymede Lysithea Pasiphae Thebe Callisto Elara Sinope
Moons of the Solar System
Galilean Satellites : Io ,[object Object],[object Object]
Io’s Surface ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Io’s Features ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Io’s Hellish Surface (Galileo) http://www.solarviews.com/browse/jup/
Io Volcanism http://archives.cnn.com/2001/TECH/space/02/27/
Io and Jupiter’s Clouds (Cassini) http://www.spacedaily.com/images/cassini-galileo-jupiter-io-desk.jpg Io by Cassini
Galilean Satellites: Europa ,[object Object],[object Object]
Europa’s Surface ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Europa’s Water ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dark Streaks ,[object Object],[object Object]
Europa http://www.pa.msu.edu/people/horvatin/Images/Planets/jupiter/Europa.jpg
Europa-Surfaces http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/niel/astro1/slideshows/class41/014-europa-surfaces.jpg
Dark Streaks on Europa http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/p/e/pew114/After%20we%20travel%20to%20Jupiter%20Red%20Spot_files/image003.jpg
Ski Europa! http://www.cita.utoronto.ca/~murray/GLG130/Pictures/Jupiter/Europa_flow.jpg
Dive Europa! http://www.planetengrund.com/bilder/Europa-Orbiter-Mission-Hydr.jpg http://astrobiology.arc.nasa.gov/feature/europa_ocean.jpg
Galilean Satellites: Ganymede ,[object Object],[object Object]
Ganymede’s Surface ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ganymede’s Craters ,[object Object],[object Object]
Ganymede http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/
Ganymede Terrain http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/outerp/gct.gif
Enki Catena (crater chain) http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/images/ganymede.html
Galilean Satellites: Callisto ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Callisto’s Surface ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Callisto Galileo Probe: Callisto terrain http://www.astrophys-assist.com/educate/robot/images/
Galileo: Callisto Terrain
Valhalla ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Valhalla http://cseligman.com/text/moons/callisto.htm
Gipul Catena ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gipul Catena http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/outerp/cc2.gif
Jupiter Family Left to Right : Ganymede, Callisto, Io, Europa
Lore of Jupiter ,[object Object],[object Object]
Star of Bethlehem? http://www.go.ednet.ns.ca/~larry/planets/west_2bc.gif
Saturn
Saturn Data http://www.vegaattractions.com/images/1saturn.gif Mean Distance from Sun 886,281,264 miles  8.8 AU Diameter at the Equator 74,600 miles   Length of Year  29.46 earth years Diameter if Earth = 1 9.41 Length of Day 10 hr, 14 min Mass if Earth = 1 95.16  Symbol  (draw) Surface Gravity if Earth = 1 1.08
Ringed Planet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cassini: Approaching Saturn
Huygens’ Rings ,[object Object],[object Object],http://www.phaenomen.de/deutsch/geschichte/assets/auto_generated_images/img_462b4b421.gif
Huygens Discovered Saturn’s Rings http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/saturn Huygens sketch Huygens loooong refracting telescope
Saturn’s Visibility ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Our view of Saturn’s rings during its 30-year revolution around the Sun At some points in its orbit, we see the full face of the rings, and sometimes the rings disappear when we see them edge-on.
Saturn’s Changing Inclination (Friedman, 2004-2007) http://www.spaceweather.com/swpod2007/09feb07/friedman.gif
Saturn Ring Plane Crossing
Full Moon & Saturn
Missions to Saturn ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fast Rotator ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Lightest Planet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cloud Features ,[object Object],[object Object]
Cassini: Swirling Storms of Saturn
Ring Features ,[object Object],[object Object],A B C Cassini Division
Saturn’s Features
Ring Particles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cassini: Saturn’s Rings
Amorphous Rings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cassini Spacecraft Crosses  Saturn's Ring Plane
Satellites of Saturn ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
First 18 Satellites of Saturn Pan Mimas Helene Atlas Enceladus Rhea Prometheus Tethys Titan Pandora Telesto Hyperion Epimetheus Calypso Iapetus Janus Dione Phoebe
Some Mythology of Saturn’s Moons ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mimas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Darth Crater on Mimas
Enceladus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fresh Tiger Stripes on Saturn's Enceladus
Enceladus Close-Up
Fountains of Enceladus
Titan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cassini’s Titan
Three Kilometers Above Titan
Titan’s Surface (Huygens) http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Cassini-Huygens/SEM15Y71Y3E_1.html
Shoreline Terrain on Saturn's Titan   (Huygens Probe)
Titan: Stream Beds
Huyghens Landing Movie [ Click ]
Hyperion: Sponge Moon of Saturn
Iapetus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Saturn's Iapetus: Moon with a Strange Surface  http://starryskies.com/solar_system/saturn/iapetus.jpg
Lore of Saturn ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Uranus Data Mean Distance from Sun 1,782,000,000 miles 19.2 AU Diameter at the Equator 31,800 miles Length of “Year”  (revolution around the sun) 84.01 earth years Diameter if Earth = 1 4.01 Length of “Day” 17 hr. 14 min. Mass if Earth = 1 14.5  Symbol Surface Gravity if Earth = 1 0.91
First New Planet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Observing Uranus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Blue Gas Giant ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Uranus From Earth (Keck) http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/display.cfm?IM_ID=3163
Voyager 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Planet on Its Side ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Uranus axis of rotation is tilted on its side, making seasonal changes drastic.
Axial Tilts of the Planets
Dark Rings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://www.nmm.ac.uk/server/show/conMediaFile.6398
Uranus Occultation
Satellites of Uranus ,[object Object],[object Object]
Uranus’s Satellites (in order outward from Uranus) Cordelia Portia Ariel Sycorax Ophelia Rosalind Umbriel Prospero Bianca Belinda Titania Setebos Cressida 1986U10 Oberon   Desdemona Puck Caliban   Juliet Miranda Stephano  
Uranus Family Portrait (IR)
Miranda ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Miranda Views http://www.solarviews.com/raw/uranus/miranda7.jpg
Cliffs of Miranda
Groovy Miranda
Titania & Ariel
Transit of Uranus The HST captured a view of Ariel crossing the disk of Uranus in July 2006
Lore of Uranus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Herschel’s 6-inch Reflector http://www.nasm.si.edu/ceps/etp/discovery/disc_planets.html
George’s Star ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Neptune Data Mean Distance from Sun 2,792,400,000 miles  28.8 AU Diameter at the Equator 30,770 miles  Length of “Year”  (revolution around the sun) 164.79 earth years  Diameter if Earth = 1 3.89  Length of “Day” 16 hr. 3 min.  Mass if Earth = 1 17.3  Symbol Surface Gravity if Earth = 1 1.18
God of the Sea ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Twin of Uranus ,[object Object],[object Object]
Magnetic Fields ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The magnetic fields of Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn nearly align with their respective rotation axes.  In contrast, the magnetic and geographic poles of Uranus and Neptune differ greatly.
Voyager 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Voyager 2 Views Detail of Neptune’s clouds Neptune & Triton
Like Uranus, Neptune is Surrounded  by Thin, Dark Rings
Great Dark Spot ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Neptune’s Great Dark Spot
Moon’s of Neptune ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Naiad Larissa Thalassa Proteus Despina Triton Galatea Nereid
Triton ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cantaloupe World ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Triton (V2) Triton
Ice Volcanoes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ice Volcanoes (V2) ,[object Object]
Lore of Neptune ,[object Object],[object Object]
Leverrier & Adams ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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