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Pluto and Other Minor Worlds of the Solar System Comet Hale-Bopp, visible in 1997
Pluto Data Mean Distance from Sun 3,663,800,000 miles   39.4 AU Diameter at the Equator 1,457 miles   Length of “Year”  (revolution around the sun) 247.69 earth years   Diameter if Earth = 1 0.18 Length of “Day” 6.39 earth days   Mass if Earth = 1 0.002  Symbol Surface Gravity if Earth = 1 0.05
God of the Underworld ,[object Object],[object Object]
No Respect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
New Horizons ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pluto: HST
Pluto Surface Map (HST)
Pluto’s Odd Orbit ,[object Object],[object Object]
Pluto’s Orbit Pluto closer than Neptune
Similar to Triton ,[object Object]
Charon ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pluto and Charon (HST)
Nix and Hydra ,[object Object],[object Object]
Pluto System (HST) http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap060624.html
Lore of Pluto ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Clyde Tombaugh
Bye Bye Pluto ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IAU 2006 Planet Definition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
New Solar System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Eris
Should Pluto Considered a Planet? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Discovery of the Asteroids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ceres
Ceres: HST
Many Asteroids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Asteroid Belt
Asteroid Comparisons
Names of the Asteroids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
First 25 Asteroids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Diameter in Miles 623 378 143 334 73 121 130 94 94 280 93 79 139 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],98 169 155 68 93 134 81 72 110 69 145 45
Asteroids : No Accident ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bode’s Law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bode’s Law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bode’s Law Table ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Add 4 Divide by 10 Actual Mercury 0 4 0.4 0.39 Venus 3 7 0.7 0.72 Earth 6 10 1.0 1 Mars 12 16 1.6 1.52 Ceres 24 28 2.8 2.8 Jupiter 48 52 5.2 5.2 Saturn 96 100 10 9.54 Uranus 192 196 19.6 19.19 Neptune 30.06 Pluto 384 388 38.8 39
Origin of the Asteroids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
To Neptune, and Beyond: The Kuiper Belt ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Some Kuiper Belt Objects Name (date) Pluto (1930) Charon (1978)* Orcus (2004) Ixion (2001) Quaoar (2002) Eris (2003) Sedna (2004) *Pluto’s satellite Diameter (mi) 1400 750 940 514 800 1500 800-1100 Distance (AU) 39.4 39.4 40 40 43.5 68 78
Pluto & Beyond http://www.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/sedna/
 
Sedna ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sedna
Comets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Comet Structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Structure of a Comet Note : Coma, ion tail, dust tail, nucleus
Comet Lulin (2009) Note coma, dust tail
Hale-Bopp (1997) Dust tail-brown Ion tail-blue
Comet Holmes (2007) ,[object Object]
 
Giotto ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Comet Nuclei ,[object Object],[object Object]
Giotto’s Halley http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=26428
Deep Impact ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Temple 1’s nucleus
Deep Impact: Wild 2 Nucleus
Comet Halley ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Great Comets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ikeya-Seki (Oct, 1965)
Hyakutake (1996), 100 Degree Tail
Hale-Bopp (1997)
Meteors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Meteor Showers ,[object Object],[object Object]
Major Meteor Showers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Meteorites ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Meteorites Stony Meteorites Iron Meteorites Widmanstatten Pattern Flakes of nickel-iron embedded in stone
Stony-Iron ,[object Object]
In 1969, the Allend meteorite created a dazzling blue display in the skies near Chihuahua, Mexico, before impact   The dark blue color is due to carbon in the meteorite. This meteorite, a carbonaceous chondrite, is believed to contain unaltered material from the early Solar System (chondrules) SLICED OPEN
Stony: Carbonaceous Chondrites ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Chondrule 1969, Allende, Mexico
Tektites ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Libyan Desert Glass Robert Haag and Libyan Desert Glass http://www.meteoriteman.com/desert01.html
Australite Air Patterns ,[object Object]
Meteor Crater ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://www.meteorite.com/meteor_crater/floor_tour/crater_hike_gps.jpg
Tunguska ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chicxulub ,[object Object],[object Object]

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