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Project Resource
  Management
  Jon Lewis, Director
2   Project Resource Management



       Agenda

       •   Aims of project resource management
       •   Strategic and tactical resource planning
       •   Scenario planning and management
       •   Availability and capability assessment
       •   Skills matching and resource selection
       •   Resource assignment
       •   Time and cost tracking
       •   Availability management

      A wide ranging topic to cover..
3   Project Resource Management



      Aims of project resource management
      •   Optimise the allocation of resources to projects
           • In short and long term
           • Through peaks and troughs of demand

      •   Manage resource costs

      •   Balance internal and external resources

      •   Develop staff capabilities

      •   Allocate staff to work they have the skills for

      •   Provide staff with interesting and challenging work


      A balancing act..
4   Project Resource Management



      Benefits of good project resource management
      •   Deliver more projects with the same or fewer resources

      •   Increase resource utilisation

      •   Deliver more projects to schedule

      •   Reduce requirements for external staff

      •   Reduce uncertainty in staff scheduling

      •   Understand strategic delivery capability

      •   Identify skill and resource shortfalls earlier


      Some real benefits to be achieved..
5   Project Resource Management



      Strategic and tactical resource planning
      Resource demands can be both long-term and short-term:

      •   Do we have enough resources to do all this year’s projects?

      •   What will the impact on current projects be if we reduce our
          costs/ staffing levels by 10%? by 20%?

      •   A new project is required ‘out of the blue’ – how can we
          resource it?

      •   We have two projects starting next week – have the project
          teams been confirmed?

      •   A project has been cancelled – where can we best redeploy the
          team?
6   Project Resource Management



      Strategic and tactical resource planning
      We can view resource planning and deployment like a production
      timeline:




              Long term demand    Medium term demand   Short term demand




              Long term supply    Medium term supply   Short term supply



                  YEARS               MONTHS                DAYS
7   Project Resource Management


       Short term (day-to-day) planning

                        Team calendar

        Daily ‘grid’
8   Project Resource Management


       Medium term (monthly) planning

      Planner views
9   Project Resource Management


       Long term (yearly) planning

      ‘Timechart’ views
10   Project Resource Management


        Long term (yearly) planning

       Team availability grid
11   Project Resource Management



       Scenario planning and management
       Typical scenarios:

        •   Resourcing business as usual activity, priority projects, nice-
            to-have projects

        •   Which projects can we deliver next year with our current
            resources? With +10% / -10% resources?

        •   After resourcing our strategic projects, what spare capacity do
            we have to achieve some ‘quick wins’?

        •   A new project has arisen at short notice. Can we deliver it with
            our existing resources? What will the impact be on other
            projects?

        •   A project has been cancelled unexpectedly, freeing up skilled
            resources. How best can we deploy them?
12   Project Resource Management



       Availability and capability assessment
       Measuring capability and availability

       •   Capability – skills, qualification, certification, experience,
           grade, location, mobility, fit with rest of team and the customer

       •   Availability – for the duration of the work, for the required
           hours per day, uninterrupted by other activities?

       •   Capability can be driven by availability – a resource can
           become capable once trained or certified

       •   Cost may also be a factor – the ‘right’ resource is often the
           most expensive
13   Project Resource Management



       Availability and capability assessment
       Which is key – capability or availability?

       •   It is rare that a resource will declare themselves available

       •   Searching for the next available resource with the relevant
           skills may lead to a very long wait..

       •   Managers should generally look for the most capable internal
           resources to do the job, and identify and prioritise existing
           commitments
                                                    Task A       Priority 1
                                   Resource 1          Task B        Priority 3
             Task X
             (not
                                                    Task C       Priority 1
             resourced)
             Priority 2            Resource 2
                                                                Task D            Priority 5
14   Project Resource Management



       Resource requests
       Typical data requirements for a resource request:

       •   Task reference/ name
       •   Resource requestor (e.g. Project Manager)?
       •   Date of request
       •   Start date and end date for work (and if either or both are fixed)
       •   Total hours/ hours per day/ % of time
       •   Loading curve
       •   Skills/ capabilities/ grade required
       •   Named resource requested
       •   Budget cost
       •   Location of the work
       •
       •
           Task status/ priority
           Decision date for resource allocation
                                                                 ?
15   Project Resource Management



       Notional resources
       Notional or ‘virtual’ resources can be a useful concept:

       •   Resource requests are allocated first to virtual resources

       •   The type of virtual resource (e.g. Business Analyst 1) indicates
           the main skills and capabilities required

       •   The allocation of virtual resources clearly identifies the
           demand for a particular type of resource

       •   When planning years ahead we can’t predict real resources

       •   To identify planned changes to the resource pool

       •   Virtual resources can be assigned and reassigned without
           having to communicate these reassignments to real people
16   Project Resource Management



       Notional resources
       At an appropriate (short-term) stage the virtual resource can be
       replaced by the assignment of a real person:


             Assignment from virtual to real resources          Resource pool increases by one person



                                                                    BA 1      BA 1       BA 1

                       Fred        BA 1       BA 1       BA 1       BA 1      BA 1       BA 1

            Julie      Julie       BA 1       BA 1       BA 1       BA 1      BA 1       BA 1

            Mike       Mike        BA 1       BA 1       BA 1       BA 1      BA 1       BA 1

            Jan        Feb         Mar        Apr        May       Jun        July       Aug



                     TODAY
17   Project Resource Management



       Skills matching and resource selection
       Skills may be identified and matched to requirements through:
       • job title/ grading
       • specific skills and qualifications recorded in a database
       • requests by staff/ line managers for specific work
       • CV search
       • searching for similar tasks done previously and identifying
          who has carried them out
       • word of mouth – asking around..

       Besides capability and availability, resources are often selected
          according to ‘fuzzier’ criteria:
       • have worked with the requestor/ project team before
       • want to do the work (or not)
       • will do this work on condition they do/ do not get assigned to
          some other wanted/ unwanted task
18   Project Resource Management



       Resource assignment
       A typical resource assignment process:

       •   The resource manager offers a named resource to the
           ‘resource requestor’, perhaps with the offer being provisional
           or with some conditions attached

       •   The resource requestor accepts or rejects the offered
           resource, typically after some discussion with the resource
           manager and maybe also with the resource.

       •   If the resource is accepted then the resource is advised of their
           new commitment and schedule.

       •   If all resources offered are rejected then the task may not
           proceed as planned and the resourcing request may be
           escalated to a higher level of management .
19   Project Resource Management



       Managing the pipeline of requests
       A typical assignment request pipeline:


              FUTURE       Possible work   No resource          Work planned


                           Possible work   Virtual resource     Resource (type) requested


                           Possible work   Virtual resource

                           Possible work   Virtual resource

                           Definite work   Virtual resource     Work approved


                           Definite work   Potential resource   Resource offered


                           Definite work   Definite resource    Resource agreed


               NOW         Definite work   Definite resource
20   Project Resource Management



       Time and cost tracking
       Having carefully established the resource allocation to meet our
       project needs, we can re-use this data to:

       •Remind team members what they should be working on

       •Produce cost projections for project work

       •Create draft timesheets based on planned work
21   Project Resource Management



       Availability management
       In monitoring the availability of project staff, it is important to take
       account of changes in legislation and trends relating to human
       resources:

       •Flexible working patterns
       •Home working
       •9-day fortnight
       •Outsourcing/ Offshoring
       •The EC working time directive

       Another factor, often overlooked, is the need to carefully track
       annual leave. Legislation now inhibits staff and employers from
       carrying forward annual leave. Annual leave which has yet to be
       taken can have a significant impact on overall team availability as
       year end approaches.
22   Project Resource Management



        Resource Management in action …PAT
        PAT’s flexibility and scalability supports a wide range of
          applications:
        •   programme management
        •   project portfolio management
        •   resource management
        •   risk and cost management
        •   help desk and call tracking
        •   test planning and management
        •   marketing and campaign management
        •   technical inventory and configuration management
        •   event and diary management
        •   environmental management and reporting
23   Project Resource Management



        Resource Management in action …PAT
        PAT has been deployed across a wide range of sectors:
        •   aerospace & defence
        •   broadcasting and media
        •   energy and environment
        •   government agencies
        •   legal and professional services
        •   local government
        •   medical and life sciences
        •   retail and investment banking
        •   software and technology
        •   transport
24   Project Resource Management



        Resource Management in action …PAT users
25   Project Resource Management




                                   PAT
                         Process Adaptive Technology


                                0207 403 4433
                          jon.lewis@ninthwave.co.uk
                             www.ninthwave.co.uk

               Project Resource Management
                                   from Ninth Wave

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Project Resource Management 3 Jon Lewis

  • 1. Project Resource Management Jon Lewis, Director
  • 2. 2 Project Resource Management Agenda • Aims of project resource management • Strategic and tactical resource planning • Scenario planning and management • Availability and capability assessment • Skills matching and resource selection • Resource assignment • Time and cost tracking • Availability management A wide ranging topic to cover..
  • 3. 3 Project Resource Management Aims of project resource management • Optimise the allocation of resources to projects • In short and long term • Through peaks and troughs of demand • Manage resource costs • Balance internal and external resources • Develop staff capabilities • Allocate staff to work they have the skills for • Provide staff with interesting and challenging work A balancing act..
  • 4. 4 Project Resource Management Benefits of good project resource management • Deliver more projects with the same or fewer resources • Increase resource utilisation • Deliver more projects to schedule • Reduce requirements for external staff • Reduce uncertainty in staff scheduling • Understand strategic delivery capability • Identify skill and resource shortfalls earlier Some real benefits to be achieved..
  • 5. 5 Project Resource Management Strategic and tactical resource planning Resource demands can be both long-term and short-term: • Do we have enough resources to do all this year’s projects? • What will the impact on current projects be if we reduce our costs/ staffing levels by 10%? by 20%? • A new project is required ‘out of the blue’ – how can we resource it? • We have two projects starting next week – have the project teams been confirmed? • A project has been cancelled – where can we best redeploy the team?
  • 6. 6 Project Resource Management Strategic and tactical resource planning We can view resource planning and deployment like a production timeline: Long term demand Medium term demand Short term demand Long term supply Medium term supply Short term supply YEARS MONTHS DAYS
  • 7. 7 Project Resource Management Short term (day-to-day) planning Team calendar Daily ‘grid’
  • 8. 8 Project Resource Management Medium term (monthly) planning Planner views
  • 9. 9 Project Resource Management Long term (yearly) planning ‘Timechart’ views
  • 10. 10 Project Resource Management Long term (yearly) planning Team availability grid
  • 11. 11 Project Resource Management Scenario planning and management Typical scenarios: • Resourcing business as usual activity, priority projects, nice- to-have projects • Which projects can we deliver next year with our current resources? With +10% / -10% resources? • After resourcing our strategic projects, what spare capacity do we have to achieve some ‘quick wins’? • A new project has arisen at short notice. Can we deliver it with our existing resources? What will the impact be on other projects? • A project has been cancelled unexpectedly, freeing up skilled resources. How best can we deploy them?
  • 12. 12 Project Resource Management Availability and capability assessment Measuring capability and availability • Capability – skills, qualification, certification, experience, grade, location, mobility, fit with rest of team and the customer • Availability – for the duration of the work, for the required hours per day, uninterrupted by other activities? • Capability can be driven by availability – a resource can become capable once trained or certified • Cost may also be a factor – the ‘right’ resource is often the most expensive
  • 13. 13 Project Resource Management Availability and capability assessment Which is key – capability or availability? • It is rare that a resource will declare themselves available • Searching for the next available resource with the relevant skills may lead to a very long wait.. • Managers should generally look for the most capable internal resources to do the job, and identify and prioritise existing commitments Task A Priority 1 Resource 1 Task B Priority 3 Task X (not Task C Priority 1 resourced) Priority 2 Resource 2 Task D Priority 5
  • 14. 14 Project Resource Management Resource requests Typical data requirements for a resource request: • Task reference/ name • Resource requestor (e.g. Project Manager)? • Date of request • Start date and end date for work (and if either or both are fixed) • Total hours/ hours per day/ % of time • Loading curve • Skills/ capabilities/ grade required • Named resource requested • Budget cost • Location of the work • • Task status/ priority Decision date for resource allocation ?
  • 15. 15 Project Resource Management Notional resources Notional or ‘virtual’ resources can be a useful concept: • Resource requests are allocated first to virtual resources • The type of virtual resource (e.g. Business Analyst 1) indicates the main skills and capabilities required • The allocation of virtual resources clearly identifies the demand for a particular type of resource • When planning years ahead we can’t predict real resources • To identify planned changes to the resource pool • Virtual resources can be assigned and reassigned without having to communicate these reassignments to real people
  • 16. 16 Project Resource Management Notional resources At an appropriate (short-term) stage the virtual resource can be replaced by the assignment of a real person: Assignment from virtual to real resources Resource pool increases by one person BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 Fred BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 Julie Julie BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 Mike Mike BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 BA 1 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug TODAY
  • 17. 17 Project Resource Management Skills matching and resource selection Skills may be identified and matched to requirements through: • job title/ grading • specific skills and qualifications recorded in a database • requests by staff/ line managers for specific work • CV search • searching for similar tasks done previously and identifying who has carried them out • word of mouth – asking around.. Besides capability and availability, resources are often selected according to ‘fuzzier’ criteria: • have worked with the requestor/ project team before • want to do the work (or not) • will do this work on condition they do/ do not get assigned to some other wanted/ unwanted task
  • 18. 18 Project Resource Management Resource assignment A typical resource assignment process: • The resource manager offers a named resource to the ‘resource requestor’, perhaps with the offer being provisional or with some conditions attached • The resource requestor accepts or rejects the offered resource, typically after some discussion with the resource manager and maybe also with the resource. • If the resource is accepted then the resource is advised of their new commitment and schedule. • If all resources offered are rejected then the task may not proceed as planned and the resourcing request may be escalated to a higher level of management .
  • 19. 19 Project Resource Management Managing the pipeline of requests A typical assignment request pipeline: FUTURE Possible work No resource Work planned Possible work Virtual resource Resource (type) requested Possible work Virtual resource Possible work Virtual resource Definite work Virtual resource Work approved Definite work Potential resource Resource offered Definite work Definite resource Resource agreed NOW Definite work Definite resource
  • 20. 20 Project Resource Management Time and cost tracking Having carefully established the resource allocation to meet our project needs, we can re-use this data to: •Remind team members what they should be working on •Produce cost projections for project work •Create draft timesheets based on planned work
  • 21. 21 Project Resource Management Availability management In monitoring the availability of project staff, it is important to take account of changes in legislation and trends relating to human resources: •Flexible working patterns •Home working •9-day fortnight •Outsourcing/ Offshoring •The EC working time directive Another factor, often overlooked, is the need to carefully track annual leave. Legislation now inhibits staff and employers from carrying forward annual leave. Annual leave which has yet to be taken can have a significant impact on overall team availability as year end approaches.
  • 22. 22 Project Resource Management Resource Management in action …PAT PAT’s flexibility and scalability supports a wide range of applications: • programme management • project portfolio management • resource management • risk and cost management • help desk and call tracking • test planning and management • marketing and campaign management • technical inventory and configuration management • event and diary management • environmental management and reporting
  • 23. 23 Project Resource Management Resource Management in action …PAT PAT has been deployed across a wide range of sectors: • aerospace & defence • broadcasting and media • energy and environment • government agencies • legal and professional services • local government • medical and life sciences • retail and investment banking • software and technology • transport
  • 24. 24 Project Resource Management Resource Management in action …PAT users
  • 25. 25 Project Resource Management PAT Process Adaptive Technology 0207 403 4433 jon.lewis@ninthwave.co.uk www.ninthwave.co.uk Project Resource Management from Ninth Wave