2. Quiz
• Euthanasia in One word ?
• How many types of Euthanasia are there?
• Veracity in one word?
• What do understand by term Non-Maleficence?
• Susuruta Samhita is mend for ??
• Who was Hippocrates? And what contribution did he
gave to the field of medicine?
• Component of medical ethics
4. Objective
• Right to Health
The human rights at issue
Issues related to the right to health
• Distributive Justice of health care
Principles of distributive justice
Ethical problems
Measures to safeguard
• Health policy
• Objectives & the factors to be considered
• Issues
5. Right to Health
• Article 35 of Universal Declaration of Human
rights states, “Everyone has the right to a
standard of living adequate for the health
and well being of himself and his family ,
including food, clothing and housing and
medical care and necessary social services.”
Reference :
http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/
6. • In 1946 The WHO declared that the
“Enjoyment of the highest attainable standard
of health as one of the fundamental rights of
every human being without deicrimination of
race, religion , political belief, economic and
social condition.
7. The human rights at issue:
• The rights to equitable distribution of food.
• The human rights for access to safe drinking
water & sanitation.
• The human rights to be an adequate standard
of living & adequate housing.
• The human rights to a safe & healthy
environment.
• The human rights to a safer & healthy
workplace.
8. Issues related to the right to
health
• Cost of medical treatment
• Lack of awareness of health education and
distributive justice
• Standard of living of the society
• Unequal resource distribution
• Lack of awareness about various health policy
10. What is distributive justice?
The four main principles of medical ethics are
respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-
maleficence and justice. Obligations of justice
may be further subdivided into:
1. Distributive justice - the fair distribution of
healthcare resources (which may be scarce)
2. Rights-based justice - the respect for people's
rights
3. Legal justice - the respect for morally acceptable
laws.
11. Principles of distributive Justice
– to each person an equal share
– to each person according to need
– to each person according to effort
– to each person according to contribution
– to each person according to merit
12. Ethical Problems arises when
• Distribution of health care services is
unsatisfactory
• Disparity between group of people and between
religions.
• Allocation of the resources to the healthcare
facility is insufficient
• No fair distribution or inequality in allocation of
the resources.
• Poverty – greatest threat to health
• Socio- economic conditions to the society.
13.
14.
15. A set of decision or commitment to persue
course of action aimed at achieving defined
goal of improving health.
16. Objectives
• to achieve an acceptance standard of good
health amongst general population of the
country.
• More equitable access to health service.
• to increase public health investment
• emphasis laid on rational use of drug within
the allopathic system.
17. The policy introduces with an aim
of :
• elimination of poverty
• raising the level of nutrition, ignorance and ill
health
• improvement of public health
• securing the health care strength of workers ,
men and women especially insuring that
children's are given opportunities and
facilities to develop in healthy manner.
18. Factors need to be considered
while making Health policy
• Medical & Health care Indicators
• Availability of medical and health intervention
for the individual and society
• Patients and doctors preferences
• Improvement of the quality of life of the
individual and the society
• Values held by society such as justice
• Cost of healthcare for the individual and the
society
• Overall good of the society.
19. Scope of health Policy
• Caring
• Promotion of health care by imoroving the
life style
• Prevention of the disease – better water
supply sanitation, immunization
• Primary and emergency care
• Prevention of environmental pollution.