About the Webinar
Open Access (OA) has become a widely accepted and rapidly growing method of publishing scholarly content. As OA distribution gains traction, a high priority for the community is establishing and building the infrastructure needed to efficiently manage this content. This infrastructure includes such elements as OA publication charge management by third parties, fee structures and payments, visual and machine-readable identification of OA availability and reuse rights, and discovery layer functions. In 2013, NISO launched a project on Open Access Metadata to develop recommendations for the availability and reuse rights issues, but that addresses only a piece of the total infrastructure issue.
In the first part of NISO’s two-part series, the focus is on Knowing What is Open. When content is published by a strictly Open Access publisher or in a completely open access online journal, knowing what is freely available to read by the user can be fairly obvious. This is less clear for hybrid titles, where open access is set at an article-by-article level. Even when a journal is fully open access, mechanisms are necessary for conveying the OA status of articles and their reuse rights to other systems, such as discovery platforms. This webinar will discuss just what it means to say content is "open access," what the various flavors of OA are,and how people and other systems can determine how open something is and both discover and access such content. Issues around license rights, the scale of openness, and the application of this data in discovery contexts will also be covered.
Introduction
Speakers:
The Lifecycle of Open Access Content
Susan Dunavan, Senior Product Manager, SIPX
Franny Lee, Co-Founder & VP Business Development, SIPX
How Open is Open Access?
Darlene Yaplee, Chief Marketing Officer, PLOS
Untangling Open Access Issues in Scholarly Communication
Greg Tananbaum, Consultant; NISO Open Access Metadata and Indicators Working Group Co-Chair
NISO Two-Part Webinar: The Infrastructure of Open Access, Part 1: Knowing What is Open
1. http://www.niso.org/news/events/2014/webinars/what_is_open/
NISO Webinar:
The Infrastructure of Open Access, Part 1:
Knowing What is Open
March 5, 2014
Speakers:
Susan Dunavan, Senior Product Manager, SIPX
Franny Lee, Co-Founder & VP Business Development, SIPX
Darlene Yaplee, Chief Marketing Officer, PLOS
Greg Tananbaum, Consultant;
NISO Open Access Metadata and Indicators Working Group Co-Chair
30. Open Access Tells You About
• Method of dissemination
• Whether you can reuse the information
• Whether the article is archived
30
31. It Does NOT Tell You About
•
•
•
•
The scope of the journal
The quality of the journal
The language of the journal
The review process of the journal
31
33. Open Access Momentum – Growing Percentage
of STM Articles Published Open Access
12%
Source: Web of Science and Scopus databases, Mikael Laakso and Bo-Christer Björk
33
33
36. 100% Open Access
•
•
•
•
Free, immediate access online
Unrestricted distribution and reuse
Author retains rights to attribution
Papers are immediately deposited in a public
online archive such as PubMed Central
Bethesda Principles, April 2003
36
37. HowOpenIsIt?
Open Access Spectrum
Standardized Measurement of Openness
• Recognizes 6 components that
define Open Access publications
• Defines what makes a journal
more open vs. less open
• Invites informed decisions
about where to publish
A collaboration among:
37
38. Moving from “Is it OA?” “HowOpenIsIt?”
A collaboration among:
www.plos.org/open-access/howopenisit/
38
3
8
41. Benefits of Open Access – Machine Readability
Visualizing Complex Science
Daniel Mietchen, PhD, Raphael Wimmer and Nils Dagsson Moskopp
http://blog.wikimedia.org/c/technology/features/multimedia/
41
42. Global Collaboration to Fight Malaria
Open Source Malaria Consortium
Matthew Todd, PhD
http://opensourcemalaria.org/
http://asap.plos.org
42
43. Benefits of Open Access – Access to Anyone
Smartphone Becomes Microscope
Saber Iftekhar Khan, MA
Eva Schmid, PhD
Oliver Hoeller, PhD
http://asap.plos.org
43
44. Accelerating Science Award Program (ASAP)
Global Collaboration
to Fight Malaria
Matthew Todd, PhD
HIV Self-Test
Empowers Patients
Nitika Pant Pai, MD, MPH, PhD,
Caroline Vadnais, Roni Deli-Houssein
and Sushmita Shivkumar
Visualizing Complex Science
Daniel Mietchen, PhD, Raphael Wimmer
and Nils Dagsson Moskopp
http://asap.plos.org
44
46. Next Generation Publishing
Open Access is a Prerequisite
Research Article
Construct
• Abstract
Increased
Article Content
Types and
Utility
New Ways
of Research
Assessment
• Introduction
- Component types
• Methods
• Results
- Component granularity
• Discussion
• Supporting Information
• Acknowledgments
- Functionality
• Author Contributions
• References
- Living versus static
Greater Community Building
and Collaboration
- Merit of the
research
- Article-Level
Metrics
- Commenting
- Pre-publication to
continuous review
- Shared
repositories
- Participation/
crowd sourcing
- Network effect,
gets better the
more people
contribute
46
48. Untangling Open
Access Issues in
Scholarly
Communication
Greg Tananbaum
ScholarNext Consulting
greg@scholarnext.com
March 5, 2014
49. A Man Walks into a Bar…
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
50. A Man Walks into a Bar…
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
51. Open Access
SPARC: “Open Access is the free, immediate, online
availability of research articles, coupled with the rights to
use these articles fully in the digital environment.”
Free
Immediate
Full Reuse
Articles
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
52. Public Access
OSTP: “Ensure that the public can read, download, and
analyze in digital form final peer reviewed manuscripts or
final published documents within a timeframe that is
appropriate for each type of research conducted or
sponsored by the agency.”
Free
Immediate
Free
Embargo
Full Reuse
Some Reuse
Articles
Penultimate
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
53. Open Data
NIH: “Recorded factual material commonly accepted in the
scientific community as necessary to validate research
findings…data sharing should occur in a timely fashion. NIH
expects the timely release and sharing of data to be no later
than the acceptance for publication of the main findings from
the final dataset…Data should be made as widely and freely
available as possible.”
Free
Immediate
Full Reuse
Free
Embargo
Some Reuse
Free
Embargo
Some Reuse
Articles
Penultimate
Data
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
54. Open Science
Michael Nielson: “The idea that scientific knowledge of
all kinds should be openly shared as early as is practical
in the discovery process.”
Free
Immediate
Free
Embargo
Some Reuse
Free
Embargo
Some Reuse
Data
Free
Embargo
Some Reuse
Stuff
Full Reuse
Articles
Penultimate
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
55. NISO Open Access Metadata &
Indicators: Background
• Working group launched by NISO in late 2012
• Co-chaired by Cameron Neylon (PLOS), Ed Pentz
(CrossRef), Greg Tananbaum (representing SPARC)
• Goal is to develop standardized set of metadata
elements tying accessibility permissions to an object in
a manner useful to humans and machines
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
56. Why is This Necessary?
• Growth of OA
– Fasting growing segment of the journal market [Outsell]
• Proliferation of funder and government public
access mandates
– 111 worldwide as of 3/14
– See
http://www.biomedcentral.com/funding/funderpolicies
• Hybrid publishing options
– Offered by ~250 publishers as of 3/14
– See http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/PaidOA.php
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
57. Why is This Necessary?
Growth of OA + More Funder Mandates +
Hybrids =
Lots of OA papers with different associated
rights and responsibilities =
Confusion WRT who can do what when
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
58. Audience Segments
• Readers seeking to understand what rights they have for a given
article.
• Authors aiming to determine what rights they will retain and
whether they are compliant with a given funder policy.
• Publishers hoping to clearly convey what its audience can and
cannot do with the articles they disseminate.
• Research funders looking to promote the openness of the work
they sponsor, and to verify their policies are being followed.
• Search engines, A&I databases, and other discovery services
aiming to help guide their audience toward resources to which
they have access and other rights.
• Academic libraries seeking to more efficiently direct their patrons
to resources that are freely accessible and/or reusable.
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
59. Who’s Involved: Working Group
• American Chemical
Society (ACS): John Ochs
• Joint Information Systems
Committee (JISC): Ben Showers
• Copyright Clearance
Center: Heather Reid
• Kennisland: Paul Keller
• Creative Commons:
Timothy Vollmer
• EDItEUR: Tim Devenport
• Ex Libris, Inc.: Christine
Stohn
• Indiana University
Bloomington Libraries: Julie
Hardesty
• Reed Elsevier: Chris Shillum
• Social Science Research Network:
Gregg Gordon
• The Wellcome Library: Cecy
Marden
• University of Birmingham: Jill Russell
• International Association of
STM Publishers: Eefke Smit
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
60. Current Status and Roadmap
Approval of Proposal
January 2013
Appointment of Working Group
February 2013
Approval of Initial Work Plan
March 2013
Completion of Information Gathering
June-July 2013
Completion of Initial Draft
2013
November
Public Comment Period
January 2014
<<WE ARE HERE>>
Completion of Final Draft
March 2014
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
62. <free_to_read> Tag
• Indicates content can be read or viewed by any user without
payment or authentication
• Simple attribute of “yes” or “no”
• Optional start and end dates to accommodate embargoes, special
offers, etc.
For example, the following records indicate that the content is under
an one-year embargo from its date of publication on February 3, 2014.
At the expiration of the embargo, it becomes freely available to all
readers:
<free_to_read="no" start_date="2014-02-3” end_date=”2015-02-03"/>
<free_to_read="yes" start_date="2015-02-3”/>
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
63. <license_ref> Tag
• Content of this tag would include a stable identifier expressed as an HTTP URI
• URI would point to license terms that are human and/or machine readable
• Multiple URIs can be listed if article exists under specific license for certain
period of time and then changes
<license_ref start_date="2014-0203">http://www.psychoceramics.org/license_v1.html</license_ref>
<license_ref start_date="2015-0203">http://www.psychoceramics.org/open_license.html</license_ref>
The <license_ref> approach will enable community norms to develop around
recognized licenses. This could be done by an organization, or a group of
organizations, establishing a whitelist of recognized licenses. This gives flexibility for
“openness” to be defined differently for different communities.
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
64. Benefits of Successful
Implementation
Growth of OA + More Funder Mandates + Hybrids =
Lots of OA papers with different associated rights and
responsibilities =
Confusion WRT who can do what when
+
OA Metadata Indicator =
Transmittal of an article’s openness in a manner that makes
discovery, tracking, readership, and (hopefully) reuse
straightforward
Greg Tananbaum, ScholarNext Consulting
66. NISO Two-Part Webinar, Part 1:
The Infrastructure of Open Access: Knowing What
is Open
Questions?
All questions will be posted with presenter answers on
the NISO website following the webinar:
http://www.niso.org/news/events/2014/webinars/what_is_open/
NISO Webinar • March 5, 2014
67. THANK YOU
Thank you for joining us today.
Please take a moment to fill out the brief online survey.
We look forward to hearing from you!