Credits to Ma'am Evangeline Teruel

2. Putting patient in
proper body
alignment to expose
the operative site or
area

7. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.1 Safety belt

8. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.2 Anesthesia screen

9. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.3 Armboard

10. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.4 Double armboard

11. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.5 Wrist or arm strap

12. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.6 Upper extremity table (hand table)

13. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.7 (thyroid elevator)- Shoulder bridge
towel roll

14. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.8 Body rests and braces-support
maintain a lateral position

15. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.9 Lateral positioner (kidney rests)

16. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.10 Adhesive tape-for anal procedures

17. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.11 Stirrups

18. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
 2.12 headrests

19. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.13 Clamps and sockets

20. 2. Special bed equipment
POSITIONING and Bed attachment
EQUIPMENT
2.14 Leg Prepper

21. 1. Site of operation
2. Age and size of the
patient
3. Type of anesthetic
used
 regional – position
patient first
 general – position
patient last

22. 4. Pain normally
experienced by the
patient upon
movement
5. Must not hinder
respiration and
circulation

23. 1. IDENTIFY
2. Explain purpose of position.
3. Mobility
4. Precaution in transferring
the pt fr. One bed to another.
▪ 2: Conscious
▪ 4: unconscious, anesthetized,
weak and obese.

25. 5. OR bed is securely locked
6. The anesthesia provider
guards the HEAD
7. Operative site must be
adequately exposed.
8. Avoid undue exposure.
9. Strap the person to prevent
falls.
10. Maintain adequate
respiratory function.

26. 11. Maintain good body
alignment.
12. Do not allow the persons
extremity dangle over the
sides of the table
13. Avoid excessive muscle
strain.

27. 14. Avoid person resting on
hands which may impede
circulation.
15. Precautions for patient’s
safety must be
observed, particularly with
thin, elderly or obese
patients.
16. Don’t cross ankles (cause

28. Pre-operative

29.  face
 neck
 shoulder
 induction of
general
anesthesia

30. Head
Abdomen

31. Clamshell top view
USED FOR:
- surgeries that involve unrestricted
access to both sides of abdomen as
in laparoscopic surgery

32. Supine frog leg

33. USED FOR:
Procedures of the anterior body such
as:
 Neurosurgical Procedures
 Posterior Cervical Spine Procedures

34. Surgery
of lower
abdomen or pelvis

35. trendelenberg

36. USED FOR:
Procedures of the anterior body such as:
 laparoscopic surgery
 abdominal
 thoracic
 facial
 anterior upper and lower extremity
procedures

37. For:
neurological
procedure

39. rectal
surgery

41.  For:
 surgical procedures of the
kidneys

43.  For
 rectal
examinati
on in an
obese
patient

45. For:
vaginal, perineal like
D&C and rectal
procedures like
hemorrhoidectomy

46.  DESCRIPTION: The patient is positioned so that the hips and
knees are flexed and elevated to facilitate surgical access to
the perineum and abdomen.
 USED FOR:
Procedures of the anterior body such as:
 gynecologic procedures
 perineal
 perirectal/anal

47.  DESCRIPTION: The patient is positioned so that the hips and
knees are flexed and elevated to facilitate surgical access to
the perineum and abdomen. This is the most physiologically
compromising of any position, especially if the patient is
obese.
 USED FOR:
Procedures of the anterior body such as:
 gynecologic procedures
 perineal
 perirectal/anal

48. bone section is
raised 45 degrees
For:
 cranial procedure

49. Sitting may fields
Sitting may fields Sitting may fields

50. Sitting
Beach chair

51.  Abdominal surgeries
 Supine
 Bladder surgery
 Slightly trendelenburg
 Perineal surgery
 Lithotomy
 Brain surgery
 Semi-fowler’s
 Spinal cord surgeries
 Prone mostly
 Lumbar puncture
 Side lying, flexed body

52.  Abdominal Aneurysm Surgery:
Fowlers
 Cataract Surgery:Semi fowlers
 Craniotomy
 Supratentorial:semi fowlers
 Infratentorial:flat

53.  Gastrectomy - supine
 Femoropopliteal by-pass graft –
affected extremity (extended)
 Hemorrhoidectomy – side lying
 Hip surgery – keep legs in
abduction
 Hypophysectomy – elevate head
 Laminectomy – keep back
straight

54.  Laryngectomy – semi fowler’s
 Liver biopsy – right side lying
 Lobectomy – semi fowler’s
 Lumbar Puncture –
 lateral side lying: during
procedure
 Flat: post-op

55.  Mastectomy – elevate on
pillow (affected extremity)
 Thyroidectomy – semi
fowler’s
 Tonsillectomy – side lying
or prone
 Vein Stripping & Ligation -
keep legs elevated.

56.  The removal
of as many
bacteria as
possible from
the patient’s
skin through
shaving,
mechanical,
washing, and
chemical
disinfection

57. Prevention
of
infection

58. 1. Determine the area
to be shaved and
its extent; know
the operation to be
done; the organ
involved and its
location and the
proposed incision.

68.  Cranial surgery – depends upon surgeon
 Thyroid or neck surgery – chin to nipple plus
shoulder and axilla
 Eye surgery – cut eyelashes of affected eye
 Nasal surgery – no shaving unless with
mustache
 Ear surgery – 2 ½ inches around ear
 Chest surgery – base of neck to waist, axilla
and inner arm
 Abdominal and pelvic surgery – nipple to
symphysis pubis, vulva, perineum, thigh
 Kidney – anterior – nipple to perineum, side to
side; supra scapular region to buttocks
 Vaginal, scrotal, rectal – waist to perineum plus
anterior and inner aspect of thigh and 6 inches
from groin; posterior – entire buttocks and
anus
 Lower extremities – digits 2 inches above knee,
entire extremity and groin
 Upper extremities – distal arm 2 inches above
elbow; elbow up to axilla

69. 2. Practice
modesty
and
provide
privacy

70. 3. Ask the
patient’s
permission
in cutting
the
eyelashes
and hair.

71. 4. Examine the
area to be
shaved for
any signs of
irritation or
any
abnormal
condition.
Report this
to your head
nurse

72. 5. Do not cut
the patient’s
skin.
6. In abdominal
operations,
pay particular
attention to
the
umbilicus.

73. 7. Shave the operative site
the day or the night
before the operation
8. Discard soiled sponges
in your kidney basin.

74. 9. In shaving, follow the
direction of the growth
of the hair while the free
hand exerts an opposite
force by pulling the skin
to the opposite direction.
10. If a wound is present on
the area to be shaved,
start from the clean area
to the dirty area

91.  Definition:
 Is the procedure of
covering patient and
surrounding areas with a
sterile barrier to create
and maintain an adequate
sterile field during
operation

92. 1. Allow sufficient time to
permit careful application
2. Allow sufficient space to
observe sterile technique
3. Handle the drape as little as
possible
4. If a drape becomes
contaminated, do not handle

93. 5. If in doubt as to its sterility,
consider it contaminated.
6. If end of sheet falls below
waist level, discard it.
7. Never reach across the
operating room table to
drape the opposite side; go
around the table

94. 8. Take the towel clips to the side of
the table from which the surgeon is
going to apply them before handling
them to him
9. Carry the folded drapes to the
operating room table, watch the
front of the sterile gown; it may
bulge and touch the nonsterile table
or blanket of the patient...Stand well
back from the nonsterile table.

95. 10. Hold drapes high enough to
avoid touching them on the
blanket but avoid touching the
light.
11. Do not let your gloved hand
touch the skin of the patient.
12. Hold the linen high until it is
directly over the proper area
then lay it down where it is to
remain.

96. 13. If a drape is incorrectly placed, the
circulating nurse discards it from
the table without contaminating
other drapes or site.
14. In unfolding the sheet on the
operative site, toward the foot or
the end of the table, protect the
gloved hand by enclosing it in the
turned back cuff of the sheet
provided for that purpose.

97. 15. A towel clip that has
been fastened through a
drape has its point
contaminated. Removed it
only if absolutely
necessary then discard it.
16. Place a drape on a dry
area.

98. 1. Blood and fluid resistant
to keep the drape dry
and prevent migration of
microorganism.
2. Lint free to prevent
airborne contaminants
and shedding into the
surgical site.

99. 3. Antistatic to eliminate
risk of spark from static
electricity.
4. Sufficiently porous to
eliminate heat build-up so
as to maintain an
isothermic environment
appropriate for pt body
temp.

100. 5. Drapable to fit around
contours of the
patient, furniture, and
equipment
6. Dull, nonglaring to minimize
color distortion from
reflected light.
7. Free of toxic
ingredient, such as laundry

101. 8.Flame resistant
to self-extinguish
rapidly on
removal of an
ignition source