1. POVERTY
Bhanu Madaan
TECH53749

2. Introduction

Complex societal issue
Characterised by:
 Hunger
 Lack of shelter
 Lack of clothing

Two types:
 Absolute – Pertains to physical health
 Relative – Pertains to living standards


3. Criteria

Value of goods needed to sustain one adult

International poverty line - US$ 1.25 per
day (PPP)
Indian yardstick:
 Urban: Rs 30 a day
 Rural : Rs 27 a day


4. Causes

Illiteracy
Inefficacious management of resources:
 Grains rotting in open
 Obnoxious subsidies

Pervasive corruption
 Loopholes in govt. funded schemes (PDS,
TRYSEM etc.)
 Policy paralysis


5. Profundity in India

Home to third of the world's poor (according
to UN)
32.7% fall below the international poverty
line
 68.7% live on less than US$ 2 per day
 Rural : 216.5 million poor
 Urban : 52.8 million poor


16% of urban households without a toilet;
46% without a flush system

6. Major contributors
Chhattisgarh - the poorest
 40 per cent below the poverty line


Seven states – Chhattisgarh, Bihar,
Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha,
Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh –
account for 61 per cent of India's total
poor

7. Comparison

8. Projections
30 years to remove unemployment
(at10 million jobs per year)
 Poverty to fall to 22% by 2015 (UN
report)
 Urbanization to grow at 4% per year
 Slum population to grow at 5% per
year
 Twelve million more urban slums by
2017


9. Possible solutions
Focus on EDUCATION :
 Promotes entrepreneurship
 Elicits innovation
 Constitutes jobs
 Induces versatility
 Creates awareness
 Builds confidence


10. Primary healthcare
 Network
of government sponsored
doctors
 Awareness campaigns through visual
media
 Equal access for everyone
(Polio eradication – an example)
 Promotion of generic drugs

11. Welcome FDI
Propels competition among Indian
brands
 Up gradation of technical expertise
 Mitigation of government influence
 Diversification of jobs
 Reduction in risks through joint
ventures
 Greater resistance to global changes


12. Second wave of reforms
Delegation of power to states
 Stringent checks on money laundering
 Transparency in RTI
 Abandonment of politically appeasing
schemes
 Privatization of required sectors such
as power
