Safety In Storage / handling / Transportation Of Chemicals. By Bimal Chandra Das

1. Safety In Storage Of Chemicals
Storage tank should be
Constructed on sound foundation &
protected against corrosion
Be clearly marked & labeled to avoid
chance of confusion
Be located at cool & dry place away from
heat
Provided with dyke walls & permanent
stairs (liquid chem.)
1B C DAS

2. Safety in Storage of Chemicals
Incompatible chem. be stored away
from each others
Periodically check storage tanks for
leaks / spills
Maintain high standard of
housekeeping in storage area
Prohibit eating, drinking & smoking
where haz-chem are stored
Workers be trained in handling
emergencies (fire, gas, spills etc.)
2B C DAS

3. Safety in Handling of Chemicals
Attempt to minimize manual handling
Solid chemicals be handled with lifting
m/c or conveyors
Liquid chemicals be handled by pumps &
pipelines
Pipelines to have specific color code /
mark
3B C DAS

4. Safety in Handling of Chemicals
Static electricity hazard to be taken
into consideration
Valves to be at accessible location
to control / stop the flow
Pipelines to be checked / inspected
to detect leakages regularly
Ensure use of PPE’s during
handling chemicals / operating
valves & maintain good personal
hygiene standards
4B C DAS

5. Safety in Transportation of Chemicals
Labels or notices to be prominently
affixed on vehicles
Well designed, properly constructed/
maintained container with good operating
valves to be used
Engine exhaust to be provided with spark
arrester
Remote control facilities to be made for
master valves
5B C DAS

6. Safety in Transportation of Chemicals
Tanker to have proper earthing facility, fire
extinguishers & first-aid kits
Drivers/ operators to be trained & should
have knowledge of chemicals hazards/ risk
involved in them
Chemical pipeline maintenance/ repair to
be taken up with approved shutdown &
standard permit-to-work
6B C DAS

7. Properties of Ammonia
Boiling Point : -33.40
C
Vapodensity 0.60
Physical state Liquified Compressed gas
Appearance &
Odour
Colourless, Strong Pungent
odour
Explosive limits 16 - 25 %
Ignition Temp. 6510
C
TLV 25 PPM Inhalation
Routes of Entry skin, eyes
Effects of
Exposure
700 PPM - eye irritation, 5000
PPM - death. Contact of liquid
with skin , freezes the tissues
causes Caustic burns
PPE’s Use Rubber boots, safety
goggles, gas masks & Protective
clothing.
7B C DAS

8. Properties of Benzene
Boiling Point 80O
C
Vapour density 2.77
Physical state Liquid
Appearance & Odour Colorless, Aromatic odour
Explosive limits 1.4 - 8 %
Ignition Temperature 5620
C
TLV 10 PPM
Routes of Entry Inhalation, Ingestion, skin, eyes
Effects of Exposure •Repeated contact with skin
causes dermatitis; Inhalation
causes headache, dizziness,
unconsciousness & Leukemia
PPE’s
•Use canister gas mask,
goggles/ face shield, rubber or
plastic gloves
8B C DAS

9. Properties Of Oxygen
Boiling Point -182.90
C
Vapour density 1.43
Physical state Liquified compressed gas
Appearance & Odour Colorless, Odorless
Explosive limits Not pertinent
Ignition Temperature Not pertinent
TLV Not listed
Routes of Entry Inhalation, skin, eyes
Effects of Exposure Inhalation of 100% O2 causes nausea,
dizziness, irritation of lungs &
collapse Liquid contact cause frost
bite of skin
PPE’s Use goggles/ face shield, insulated
gloves apron etc
9B C DAS

10. Instruction for Safe Loading/ Unloading
Road Driver:
Position the vehicle, apply brakes, Shut-
off engine & Lights
Be present throughout unloading
Check disconnection of hoses &
Earthing, removal of wheel chokes
before driving away
10B C DAS

11. Operator:
No smoking / naked lights in the area
Ensure correct positioning of truck, put wheel
chocks and make earth connection.
Check condition of hose pipe, valve, flange, gasket
etc.,
Check & make sure the tanker/ storage tank can
hold the load
Ensure no leakage hose connection
Material transfer by opening valves in proper
sequence
Remain in attendance throughout unloading
Close valves in proper sequence, disconnect hose
pipe, remove wheel chocks & earth connection
before moving tanker
Instruction for Safe Loading/ Unloading
11B C DAS