This document outlines the chapters and conclusions of the book "Punished: Policing the Lives of Black and Latino Boys" by Victor M. Rios. The book is based on ethnographic research with 40 Black and Latino boys in Oakland who had been arrested or were on probation. It examines how over-policing and harsh punishment shapes the lives of these youth. The chapters discuss the patterns of punishment in Oakland, how the youth are labeled and come of age in an era of mass incarceration, and how masculinity is used as a rehabilitative tool. The conclusion reflects on how students most affected by scrutiny possess unperceived riches.

1. PUNISHED:
POLICING
THE LIVES
OF BLACK
AND LATINO
BOYS
VICTOR M. RIOS

2. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
Introduction to Book
About the Author / Preface of Book
Methodology
Summary of Chapters
Conclusion
Personal Insights on Book

3. INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOK
“A word of caution: our stories are not just for
entertainment.”
LESLIE MARMON SILKO, 1997

4. VICTOR M. RIOS

5. PREFACE
“You know nothing, and worse than nothing, about
the working class. Your sociology is as vicious and
worthless as is your method of thinking.”
ERNEST EVERHARD IN JACK LONDON’S THE IRON HEEL, 1907

6. METHODS OF RESEARCH
Ethnographic research methods within a purposeful
sample of forty Black and Latino boys (ages 14-18) in
Oakland. All of the participants had been arrested, were
on probation, or were socially linked with other young
men who had been arrested. Rios collected data from
2002 to 2005 by conducting extensive participant
observations, interviews, focus groups, and fieldwork
across multiple settings, including schools,
neighborhoods, community centers, businesses, and
homes.

7. CHAPTER 1: DREAMS DEFERRED - THE PATTERNS OF
PUNISHMENT IN OAKLAND
“Just as children were tracked into futures as doctors, scientists,
engineers, word processors, and fast-food workers, there were also
tracks for some children, predominantly African American and male,
that led to prison.”
ANN ARNETT FERGUSON, BAD BOYS, 2 0 0 0

8. CHAPTER 2: THE FLATLANDS OF OAKLAND AND THE YOUTH
CONTROL COMPLEX
“It’s like they put a bomb on my back, but I was the one that pulled
the trigger.”
EIGHTEEN-YEAR-OLD FLACO, 2003

9. CHAPTER 3: THE LABELING HYPE - COMING OF AGE IN THE ERA
OF MASS INCARCERATION
“Overall, ethnic minority youths, gang or non-gang, resent the
“dissing” (disrespect) meted out by patrol officers… Once youths have
begun to reject the law and its underlying values , they often develop
a resistance orientation and take a defiant and destructive stance.”
JAMES DIEGO VIGIL, A RAINBOW OF GANGS, 2 0 0 2

10. CHAPTER 4: THE COUPLING OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND
COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS
“In its function, the power to punish is not essentially different from
that of curing or educating.”
MICHEL FOUCAULT, DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH, 1977

11. CHAPTER 5: “DUMMY SMART” - MISRECOGNITION, ACTING OUT,
AND “GOING DUMB”
“In attempting to maintain the existing order, the powerful commit
crimes of control… At the same times, oppressed people engage
in…crimes of resistance.”
MEDA CHESNEY-LIND AND RANDALL G. SHELDEN, G I R L ,
DELINQUENCEY, AND JUVENILE JUSTICE, 1 9 9 2

12. CHAPTER 6: PROVING MANHOOD - MASCULINITY AS
REHABILITATIVE TOOL
“Willis too easily converts the culture of these young men into a
seamless form of resistance, ignoring or textually diminishing
internal contradictions such as the male chauvinism and sexism on
which the culture of “resistance” is founded.”
JOSÉ LIMÓN, DANCING WITH THE DEVIL, 1994

13. CHAPTER 7: GUILTY BY ASSOCIATION - ACTING WHITE OR
ACTING LAWFUL?
“The problem is that parents, shopping mall security, police officers,
grocery store clerks, and even other youth have a hard time
distinguishing the delinquents from the wannabes…The many lawful
youth take on the stylistic affections of true “wild children” even though
they infrequently, if ever, cross the line in their behavior.”
MARY PATILLO-MCCOY, BLACK PICKET FENCES, 1999

14. APPENDIX + CONCLUSION
“All students cringe under the scrutiny, but those most harshly
affected, least successful in the competition, possess some of our
greatest unperceived riches.”
MIKE ROSE, LIVES ON THE BOUNDARY, 1989

15. THANK YOU