Using data on university admission from the State Students Admission Commission, this research shows that significantly fewer students from IDP schools in Azerbaijan attend university compared to students at non-IDP schools that are located in the same geographic location. This disadvantage holds in both urban and rural areas.

1. Developing an Inclusive Social
Policy: Azerbaijan’s IDP schools
Center for Innovations in Education
Vitaly Radsky

2. 1. Data
– Is there a difference in educational achievement
between IDP and non-IDP schools and regions?
2.How and Why?
- Social exclusion concept
3. Policy

3. IDP Schools in Azerbaijan (5 regions)
Fuzuli
Agdam
Lachin
Susa
Qubadli

4. Question 1: Is there a difference between the
school achievement of IDP and non-IDP regions?
• H0= There is no difference between the
university admission rate of IDP and non-IDP
schools in Azerbaijan.
• HA= There is a significant difference between
the university admission rate of IDP and nonIDP schools in Azerbaijan.

5. National
IDP schools vs. National Average, 2012
IDP Average
59%
National Average
60%
23%
% of students finishing secondary school
applying to university
27%
% of students finishing secondary school
accepted to university
χ2 (1, N = 86857) = 38.148, p <.01.
Students at IDP schools are less likely to be accepted by universities than
students at non-IDP schools.

6. IDP schools vs. National Average, 2012
IDP Average
71%
National Average
70%
27%
% of students receiving diploma applying to university
31%
% of students receiving diploma accepted to university
χ2 (1, N = 74779) = 28.053, p <.01.
Students at IDP schools are less likely to be accepted by universities than
students at non-IDP schools.

7. Urban Areas
Urban education: IDP vs. Non-IDP, 2012
IDP Urban Average
82%
National Urban Average
87%
44%
34%
% of students receiving diploma applying to
university
% of students receiving diploma accepted to
university
χ2 (1, N = 28962) = 47.268, p <.01.
Students at IDP schools located in urban areas (including Baku) are less likely to be
accepted by universities than students at non-IDP schools studying in urban areas.

8. Rural Areas
Rural education: IDP vs. Non-IDP, 2012
IDP Total (Rural)
58%
National Rural Average
58%
22%
16%
% of students receiving diploma applying to universitystudents receiving diploma accepted to university
% of
χ2 (1, N = 44294) = 26.667, p <.01.
Students at IDP schools located in rural areas are less likely to be accepted by
universities than students at non-IDP schools studying in rural areas.

9. Result
• HA= There is a significant difference between
the university admission rate of IDP and nonIDP schools in Azerbaijan.
• Nationally, and when controlling for school
location, IDP schools send proportionally
fewer students to university than non-IDP
schools.

10. IDP Schools in Azerbaijan (5 regions)

11. Baku education: IDP vs. Non-IDP, 2012
IDP Average (Baku)
83%
Baku Azerage
88%
46%
37%
% of students receiving diploma applying to
university
% of students receiving diploma accepted to
university
χ2 (1, N = 21067) = 21.668, p < .01.
There is a significant difference between the proportion of students accepted to
university from IDP schools based in Baku and non-IDP Baku schools. The difference
in proportion of students accepted to universities were significant between Baku and

12. IDP Schools in Baku, 2012
Baku Azerage
Lachin (in Baku)
Qubadli (in Baku)
Susa (in Baku)
46%
42%
Fuzuli (in Baku)
Agdam (in Baku)
39%
36%*
36%*
30%*
% of students receiving secondary school diploma admitted to university
χ2 (1, N = 21067) = 27.493, p < .01.
There is a significant difference between the proportion of students accepted to
university between Baku non-IDP schools and Baku-based Susa, Fuzuli, and Agdam
schools.

13. IDP Schools in Azerbaijan (5 regions)
Lachin- 82 schools
Rural- 45 (55%)
Agcabedi- 23
Barda- 9
Others- 5 (Agsu, Sheki, Goranboy,
Oguz, Beyleqan)
Urban- 37 (45%)
Baku- 30 (36%)
Sumgayit- 7

14. Lachin Urban vs. Sumgayit and Baku, 2012
Lachin Urban (Sumgayit and Baku)
Sumgayit and Baku Average
45%
37%
% of students receiving a secondary school diploma accepted to university
(z = -3.07, p < .05, one-tailed)
There is a significant difference between the proportion of students accepted to
university between Lachin Baku and Sumgayit based schools and non-IDP schools
In Baku and Sumgayit.

15. Lachin Rural vs. non-IDP Rural, 2012
Lachin Rural
Average of the rural regions where Lachin schools are located
26%
17%
% of students receiving a secondary school diploma accepted to university
(z = -2.933, p < .05, one-tailed)
There is a significant difference between the proportion of students accepted to
university between Lachin rural-based schools and non-IDP schools based in the rural
regions where Lachin schools are located.

16. Result
• HA= There is a significant difference between
the university admission rate of IDP and nonIDP schools in Azerbaijan.
• When controlling for school location, IDP
schools send proportionally fewer students to
university than non-IDP schools.

17. Question 2: What role does geography
have in the differing results of IDP schools?
• H0= There is no difference in the university
admission rate in schools in different IDP
regions in Azerbaijan.
• HA= There is a significant difference in the
university admission rate between schools in
different IDP regions in Azerbaijan.

18. University Admissions by IDP Region:
National, 2012
Qubadlı rayonu
Zəngilan rayonu
Şuşa rayonu
Kəlbəcər rayonu
Cəbrayıl rayonu
Xocalı rayonu
Laçın rayonu
Xocavənd rayonu
Ağdam rayonu
Füzuli rayonu
36%
36%
33%
31%
30%
30%
29%
26%
21%
18%
% of students receiving a secondary school diploma accepted to university
χ2 (9, N = 3942) = 77.53886, p <.01. There is a significant difference in the
proportion of students admitted to university between IDP districts.

19. IDP Schools in Azerbaijan (5 regions)

20. Comparison between IDP Regions: Urban, 2012
Lachin Urban
37%
Susha Urban
35%
Qubadli Urban
34%
Fuzuli Urban
Agdam Urban
33%
29%
% of students receiving diploma accepted to university
χ2 (4, N = 1156) = 3.836, p >.1.
There is no significant difference between the proportion of students accepted to
university among students studying in urban-based IDP schools (5 IDP regions).

21. Comparison between IDP regions: Rural, 2012
Agdam Rural
18%
Lachin Rural
Fuzuli Rural
17%
13%
% of students receiving a diploma applying to university
χ2 (2, N = 1339) = 4.3695, p >.1.
There is no significant difference between the proportion of students accepted to
university among students studying in rural-based IDP schools (5 IDP regions).

22. Result
• Ho= There is not a significant difference in the
university admission rate between schools in
different IDP regions in Azerbaijan, once location
of school is controlled.
• What separates overall lower achieving IDP
regions such as Agdam and higher achieving
regions such as Qubadli is school location, rather
than something like regional education
management.

23. IDPs: Disadvantaged or Not?

24. Social Exclusion
“a way of conceptualizing society, including (and
with a focus on) the processes of deprivation
that are an integral part of that society.”
-de Haan, 2000
• 1) Multidimensionality
• 2) Causation (how and why)
– interactions, processes, actors, and institutions
that “include some groups and exclude others.”
-de Haan, 2000

25. Stigma and Isolation
• “Some people compare Sumgait schools with
Sumgait IDP school—this is not fair. They have
richer parents, we have a IDP status label, that
is why there is a small number of students who
want to come to our school.” (Qubadli
teacher, FGD, 2011)

26. Educational Human Resources
• “a good young teacher will never chose an IDP
school over a regular school when choosing a
job.” (Baku Education
Inspector, Interview, 2011)

27. Conclusion
1. Disadvantaged or Not?
We need more data comparing educational results
of IDP and non-IDP students.
2. Why and How?
Social exclusion offers a new way to look at
deprivation and inequality in Azerbaijan.
3. What Policies?

28. Thank You
Center for Innovations in Education
www.cie.az
Vitaly Radsky
radsky.vitaly@gmail.com