Presented by Charlotte MacAlister, Birhanu Zemadim, Teklu Erkossa, Amare Haileslassie, Dan Fuka, Tammo Steenhuis, Solomon Seyoum, Holger Hoff, Kinde Getnet, and Nancy Johnson to the Nile Basin Development ChallengeScience and Reflection Workshop, Addis Ababa, 4-6 May 2011

1. Water and Productivity Impacts for the NBDC Charlotte MacAlister Birhanu Zemadim Teklu Erkossa Amare Haileslassie Dan Fuka Tammo Steenhuis Solomon Seyoum Holger Hoff Kinde Getnet Nancy Johnson Nile Basin Development Challenge Science and Reflection Workshop Addis Ababa, 4-6 May 2011

3. Field monitoring

7. Challenges: - Limited recording of parameters e.g. ET creates difficulties for scaling/projecting both at different altitudes and scales - No actual recording of impacts of RMS - Short duration of monitoring period

8. Remote monitoring: the solution to upscaling (hydromet) parameters?

9. GEONETCAST NRT global network of satellite-based DDS ( space-borne , air-borne , in situ data ) Source: EUMETSAT brochure

12. SEBS = estimating atmospheric turbulent fluxes and surface evaporative fraction using EO data in the visible , NIR and TIR

14. Disturbance Index

16. Water productivity of mixed crop-livestock systems: progresses and challenges

23. Green - Blue Water

25. („difficult hydrology“ – David Grey ) rainfall variability and drought risk (ILRI) blue per capita 2000 / 2050 green per capita 2000 / 2050 CoV & 10 th percentile green - blue water productivity Nile (framing Blue Nile for taking into account downstream consequences) IDIS -> NBI subbasins water availability 1) CPWF, Mulligan 2) IWMI, Karimi CPWF and IIASA data

26. additional data: integration with socio-economic data, e.g. market access (JRC): blue water storage from „rethinking water storage“ project yield gaps from Licker et al (Wisconsin) Blue Nile Blue Nile SWIM model: focus on water productivity & climate change green-blue water availability at sub-basin scale?

27. Effects of interventions / SWC e.g. rainwater harvesting and consolidated with other evidence from the Blue Nile starting from WOCAT database and suitability mapping (Dile 2010) can local WOCAT experience be generalized / upscaled Lake Tana SWIM model for simulating the effects of outscaling / upscaling for assessing landscape scale effects of increasing adoption?

28. Resilience (landscape) approach „ social ecological systems“ integrating water fluxes and productivities with institutions and their position / effectiveness re uptake of measures node-based WEAP node-based social networks

30. Hydrological Modelling with SWAT

31. Runoff plots Maybar) 16 37 43 64 slope of land Runoff Coefficients Hydrological processes + impacts Surface runoff decreases with steepness

32. Hydrological processes + impacts Hill slope Areas Surface runoff infiltration interflow v

36. Evaluating Water Resources: Upscaling Impacts of RMS

39. WEAP Schematization Dams / Reservoirs Irrigation demands River Networks

40. Modeling Framework Watersheds Sub-basins Abay Basin SWAT Model Climate Soil LU WEAP Model RMS Scenarios L-S Dev’t Scenarios Impact Evaluation Large dams and River Junctions

42. Translating hydrology and productivity into environmental, social and economic impacts

46. . Biophysical data Hydrologic modeling Externalities Optimization Socio-economic data RWM practices