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The conservation value of regenerating tropical forest for amphibians
- 1. The conservation value of regenerating tropical forest for amphibians Olivia Hill
- 2. The Problem • primary forest makes up around 36% of global forest cover whilst secondary/regenerating areas constitute 57% • there is little consensus within the scientific community about the conservation value of regenerating forests
- 3. Location • Manu Learning Centre, Madre de Dios, Peru • 643ha • 460-700masl • Regenerating for 30-40 years
- 4. Methodologies Nocturnal visual encounter surveys: • 100m transects off the main trails • 25 minutes • 20 transects in each forest type (+8 in Bamboo forest)
- 5. Pitfall traps • Two routes with 4 sites in each forest type • 4 20L buckets and 24m plastic drift fence
- 7. Results • 62 confirmed amphibian species at the MLC
- 10. Scinax funereus
- 12. Ameerega sp1
- 13. Pristimantis sp1
- 14. Pristimantis sp2
- 15. Pristimantis sp3
- 16. Pristimantis sp4
- 18. Amphibian communities along an altitudinal gradient • Decrease of amphibian diversity with the increase of the altitude. • Big shifts in species composition in a small distance • high number of species with a restricted range • Conservation efforts need to focus in areas like the Piñi Piñi range
- 19. Comparison with local primary sites Taxa Primary forest sites used to determine average richness Observed richness at the MLC Cocha Cashu Los Amigos Pakitza Amphibians 78 (80%) 63 (98%) 82 (76%) 62 Data from: Whitworth et al (2014 – under review), A second chance to conserve? The potential biodiversity and conservation value of regenerating forest
- 20. A Key Indicator Group - Craugistoridae Taxa Observed richness at MLC (% of those predicted) Predicted richness at MLC Average richness from primary forest sites Observed richness of MLC as a % of richness at primary forest sites Total Indicators Conservation concern Total Indicators Conservation concern Amphibians 62 (84%) 16 (80%) - 74 20 - 74 84% Data from: Whitworth et al (2014 – under review), A second chance to conserve? The potential biodiversity and conservation value of regenerating forest
- 21. Discussion 1. Regenerating forest can hold very high levels of amphibian diversity indicating that is of high conservation value. 2. These levels are not necessarily dominated by habitat generalists but also key indicator species. 3. Many unidentified species still exist, even within human modified landscapes 4. More research on the conservation value of regenerating tropical forest is required. 5. So lets protect more areas of secondary rainforest and allow them to regenerate.
- 22. Bibliography • Beirne et al (2013), Herpetofaunal responses to anthropogenic habitat change within a small forest reserve in eastern Ecuador, The Herpetological Journal, 23(4) • Whitworth et al. (2014 – under review), A Second Chance to Conserve? Assessing the potential biodiversity and conservation value of regenerating forest • Global Forest Resource Assessment (2010) • Chazdon.R (2008), ‘Beyond Deforestation: restoring forests and ecosystem services on degraded lands’, science, 320(5882)
- 23. Thank you • Special thanks to Andy Whitworth, Jaime Villacampa and Jenni Serrano-Rojas
Notas del editor
- Despite the increasingly dominant role of degraded and regenerating habitats within tropical landscapes, there is little consensus within the scientific community about the extent of their conservation value. The focus of most current protected reserves has been to preserve areas of old growth forest but if the biodiversity within forests outside of these areas is not considered then we could potentially lose hundreds of amphibian species.
- Crees is a non-profit organization that runs conservation research and sustainable community development initiatives in the Manu Biosphere Reserve. We conduct conservation research at our all year round research station the Manu Learning Centre (MLC) which is located on the western side of the Alto Madre de Dios basin, Madre de Dios Region, Peru, within the buffer zone of Manu National Park. It is a 643 ha private reserve containing primary terra firme, regenerating logged, regenerating clear-felled and bamboo forest with an altitudinal gradient of approximately 460-700 m asl.
- Our species list includes 3 amphibian species that are new to Manu, one that is new to Peru and 6 that are potentially new science.
- New to Manu and the Madre de Dios region;210km range extension
- New to Peru; a range extension of over 900km.
- 2nd record in Manu. Range extension of 105km.
- First record in the Manu Biosphere Reserve
- A potentially new species of poison frog.
- Number of Craugistoridae species at local primary sites: CochaCashu (14 species), Pakitza (12 species) and Los Amigos (11 species)
- The fact that regenerating forests can be reservoirs of high amphibian diversity suggests that there is potential for regenerating forest to hold high levels of diversity of other taxa and highlights that allowing disturbed areas adequate time to regenerate should be a conservation priority. Conservation policies need to recognize the role of regenerating forest in species conservation and the need to protect it and expand secondary forest buffer zones around old growth forests.