Challenges strategies eac-victor_ogalo
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![CUTS/WTO Regional Outreach Conference AfT in DDA : Challenges and Strategies for EAC By Victor Ogalo Programme Officer CUTS Africa Resource Centre, Nairobi [email_address]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/challengesstrategieseac-victorogalo-110419121352-phpapp02/85/Challenges-strategies-eac-victor_ogalo-1-320.jpg)
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Challenges strategies eac-victor_ogalo
- 1. CUTS/WTO Regional Outreach Conference AfT in DDA : Challenges and Strategies for EAC By Victor Ogalo Programme Officer CUTS Africa Resource Centre, Nairobi [email_address]
- 2. Mauritius Kenya Denmark Australia Singapore Uganda CAR B. Faso B. Faso
- 14. THANK YOU !
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- Suggestions for South-to-South Trade Capacity Building Economic growth: the gains from economic growth are much larger, whether as importer or exporter, and the gains as an exporter are dramatic. The changes of development strategy from import-substitution to export-orientation for developing countries are urgently needed. The importance of industry policy for LDCs…… Special treatment for LDCs is required. How to build LDC capacity for exports under the Doha Development Round? In contrary to Africa, Asia’s merchandise exports and imports expanded by 9.5 per cent and 7.5 per cent respectively. Asia’s trade developments and predominantly shaped by the performance of emerging economies: China …… From the standpoint of balance of payments concerns, for LDCs, economic growth will translate into more exports than imports—with a significant part of gains resulting from the increased exports to emerging markets such as China, India ……
- Suggestions for South-to-South Trade Capacity Building Economic growth: the gains from economic growth are much larger, whether as importer or exporter, and the gains as an exporter are dramatic. The changes of development strategy from import-substitution to export-orientation for developing countries are urgently needed. The importance of industry policy for LDCs…… Special treatment for LDCs is required. How to build LDC capacity for exports under the Doha Development Round? In contrary to Africa, Asia’s merchandise exports and imports expanded by 9.5 per cent and 7.5 per cent respectively. Asia’s trade developments and predominantly shaped by the performance of emerging economies: China …… From the standpoint of balance of payments concerns, for LDCs, economic growth will translate into more exports than imports—with a significant part of gains resulting from the increased exports to emerging markets such as China, India ……
- Main Internal NTBs: Cutting cost and time when trading across border has been difficult coz of: poor infrastructure (roads and power), double customs operations at border points, many government agencies involved in clearance of imports at border entry points (Customs, Police, Bureau of standards, Crop protection agencies, Pre-shipment inspection agencies) manual operation systems impede implementation of uniform standards and simplifying of custom procedures. In spite of the many government agencies at the borders, we still see serious loopholes in Customs Control (many cases of trade in counterfeits, contrabands/pirated and substandard goods) Main Internal NTBs: non-harmonized documentation: there are some border posts where certificates are required which others don’t a broad perception that available mechanism for monitoring removal of NTBs is not working: coz of lack of transparency, ownership of the mechanism and that the mechanism is not sensitised towards the business community some traders have in some cases given up reporting NTBs because of the long process; it is not uncommon that a dispute can take up to half a year, before it is settled instead of six days partner states are protecting their markets via NTBs and unwillingness from some partners is the reasons for the long time in settling disputes about NTBs
- Slide 17 Example: Export-Led Poverty Reduction Progamme One example of a private sector initiative with a focus on poverty reduction is the International Trade Centre’s (ITC) Export-Led Poverty Reduction Programme (EPRP). Launched in 2002, the goal of this program is to integrate poor communities into international markets. It takes a similar approach in international trade as that employed by micro-credit in the field of finance. The EPRP approach rests on two main pillars: (i) the development of the entrepreneurial capacity of the poor with regard to exporting; and (ii) linking that capacity to proven export market opportunities. EPRP projects focus on five sectors based on analysis of demand in regional or international markets and the employment and income-generating potential of these sectors for poor communities. The sectors are: Agricultural products (fresh and processed) Textiles (fibres and clothing) Animal skins leather and leather goods Light manufacturing Community-based tourism The viability of proposed projects in the above sectors are assessed via feasibility studies by interested national governments, and together with the ITC, which analyses international market trends, a final project blueprint and action plan is put in place. The feasibility studies address a series of key considerations. These include: (i) identifying winning products and growth markets; (ii) product development, product adaptation, standards and quality; (iii) electing and organizing poor producers; (iv) selecting the right product market for the producer organization; (v) linking producers to buyers, financing and credit; and (vi) gender and environmental considerations. Notably, the EPRP ensures poor producers are organized in some type of network – in cooperatives and other modes – through which they can achieve a sufficient scale to produce, market and distribute their products. In this respect the ITC identifies, trains, and provides funding for local NGOs, whose role would be to build networks/structure the grouping of poor producers, or to ensure increased participation of producers in an existing grouping, in addition to facilitating their training in marketing, production and entrepreneurship. In many countries, groups of export producers have been formed, referred to as “Export Production Villages” (EPVs). Support services are provided by international development organizations, local NGOs, and the private sector. They are necessary to build the capacities of producers and exporters. A needs assessment is done at the outset of the project and adapted throughout the process. According to the ITC, ongoing EPRP projects in fifteen countries have benefited around 12,300 poor people by creating additional jobs and higher income. Salaries have gone up considerably, exceeding previous ones by 20 to up to 200 percent in some cases. Altogether, these projects generated estimated exports sales in excess of US$ 1.3 million for poor communities. Such results have stimulated growing interest among potential beneficiaries, as evidenced by fifteen recent requests for EPRP. The programme has also intensified its collaboration with the Integrated Framework (IF) and joint projects have been prepared for IF Window II funding in Burundi, Djibouti, Guinea, Rwanda and Senegal.