2. Definition of Affix
An affix is a bound morpheme that is joined before,
after, or within a root or stem.
Bound morpheme is a morpheme (or word element)
that cannot stand alone as a word. Contrast with free
morpheme.
Free morpheme is a morpheme (or word element)
that can stand alone as a word. Contrast with bound
morpheme.
There are two kinds of free morphemes: content
words and function words.
Root is a word or word element (that is, a morpheme)
from which other words grow, usually through the
addition of prefixes and suffixes.
3. Affix Relationship to root or Example
stem
prefix Occurs in the front of a unhappy
root or stem
suffix Occurs at the end of a happiness
root or stem
infix Occurs inside of a root or Gerigi
stem (Indonesian)
5. Inflectional Affix
Inflectional affix is an affix that expresses a
grammatical contrast that is obligatory for its stem's
word class in some given grammatical context and
does not change the word class of its stem.
There are only eight "inflectional affixes" in English
6. -s noun plural (books, tables)
-'s noun possessive (Mira’s bag)
-s verb present tense third person singular (She
dances)
-ing verb present participle/gerund (She is working)
-ed verb simple past tense (I walked)
-en verb past perfect participle (been)
-er adjective comparative (bigger)
-est adjective superlative (the biggest)
7. A derivational affix is an affix by means of which
one word is formed (derived) from another. The
derived word is often of a different word class from
the original.
A derivational affix is not part of an obligatory set of
affixes.
It changes the meaning of the base in some
important way or changes it into a different word
class.
8. example
Unhealthy
Gardener
The addition of the prefix un- to healthy alters the
meaning of healthy. The resulting word
means "not healthy."
The addition of the suffix -er to garden changes
the meaning of garden, which is a place where
plants, flowers, etc., grow,
to a word that refers to 'a person who tends a garden.
