An introduction to NoSQL databases and an overview of Apache Cassandra as a column family database. Presentation I gave at Synechron Technologies

1. Introduction to NoSQL & Cassandra
chetan.baheti@synechron.com

2. 2

3. RDBMS
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4. Top Ranked (Source http://db-engines.com/en/ranking)
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5. What is a relation database?
Thou shalt not break my rules
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6. Problems?
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7. 7

8. SCALE-UP
vs
SCALE-OUT
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9. Sharding
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10. The Relational Model
OrderId
LineItemId
LineItems
OrderId
UserId
OrderDate
ShippingAddressId
Orders
UserId
Name
Users
AddressId
Street
City
Addresses
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11. Unstructured data
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12. RDBMS
NoSQL
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13. What is NoSQL? (Source: http://nosql-database.org/ )
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14. Key Value
Column Family
Graph
Document Store
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15. Key Value Pair Databases
Usage: Briskly changing data and high availability. Example: Stock Quotes
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16. Document Store Databases
Order-13235
Usage: Occasionally updated data. Example: Blogs, Content Mgmt Systems
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17. Column family
Usage: Read/write intensive applications. Example: Social networking, Logs data
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18. From Cassandra Tutorial http://www.datastax.com/docs/0.8/ddl/index
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19. 19

20. Graph Databases (Source http://markorodriguez.com/)
Stephen is a member of a graph-oriented engineering group called TinkerPop.
Stephen contributes to Rexster
Rexster is related to other projects via software dependencies.
When a user finds a bug in Rexster, they issue a ticket
Usage: Spatial data storage, networks.
Example: friends and family
associations on facebook
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21. CAP Theorem (Source: http://blog.beany.co.kr/archives/275)
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22. Atomicity
Consistency
Isolation
Durability
BAsically Available
Soft state
Eventually Consistent
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23. Apache Cassandra
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24. Who’s using Cassandra
(Source: http://www.slideshare.net/jbellis/cassandra-at-nosql-matters-2012)
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25. Apache Cassandra
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26. No-SPOF, Multi-master
(Source: http://www.slideshare.net/jbellis/cassandra-at-nosql-matters-2012)
No-SPOF
Single Point of Failure
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27. Linear Scalability
(Source: http://www.datastax.com/documentation/cassandra/2.0/webhelp/index.html )
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28. Partitioning
Chetan
24,235
John
18,789
Avani
34,923
#
Monty
Node D
Node A
8978
Start
End
1
10,000
Node B
19,999
20,000
Node C
9999
29,999
30,000
39,999
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29. Terminology
Source: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/279947/Migration-of-Relational-Data-structure-to-Cassandr
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30. Terminology
RELATIONAL DATA
MODEL
SERVER
DATABASE/SCHEMA
TABLE
PRIMARY KEY
COLUMN VALUE
CASSANDRA DATA
MODEL (STANDARD)
CASSANDRA DATA
MODEL (SUPER)
CLUSTER
KEY SPACE
COLUMN FAMILY
KEY
COLUMN NAME
SUPER COLUMN NAME
COLUMN VALUE
COLUMN NAME
COLUMN VALUE
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31. So how do we talk to Cassandra?
Thrift
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32. Cassandra Query Language (CQL)
Cassandra 1.x
CREATE COLUMNFAMILY users
Cassandra 3.x
CREATE TABLE users
SQL
CQL
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33. Cassandra Query Language (CQL)
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34. Cassandra Query Language (CQL)
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35. Kahaani Khatam Hone Ko Aayi,
Aur Saala Action Shuru Hi Nahin
Huwa
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36. Critique
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37. Too much Specialization?
(Source: http://parelastic.com/blog/nosql-vs-sql-hoopla-another-turn-screw)
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39. Know your use case
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40. RDBMS
NoSQL
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41. Polyglot persistence (Source: http://www.martinfowler.com/bliki/PolyglotPersistence.html)
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42. Feedback
https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/PSCC8WJ
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43. References
http://architecture-soa-bpm-eai.blogspot.in/2011/08/limitations-of-relational-database.html
http://architects.dzone.com/articles/rdbms-vs-nosql
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codd's_12_rules
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qI_g07C_Q5I (Talk by Martin Fowler on NoSQL)
http://ayende.com/blog/4500/that-no-sql-thing-column-family-databases
http://ayende.com/blog/tags/nosql
http://www.julianbrowne.com/article/viewer/brewers-cap-theorem (Cap Theorem)
http://www.datastax.com/documentation/cassandra/2.0/webhelp/index.html
http://techblog.netflix.com/2011/11/benchmarking-cassandra-scalability-on.html
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/279947/Migration-of-Relational-Data-structure-to-Cassandr
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