Keeping Printing in Perspective: 450 Years of Innovation
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The document discusses the history of printing from its origins with Gutenberg to the modern printing press industry. It describes the major innovations and challenges over time, from the transition to letterpress printing to the industrial revolution. Key events included Koenig and Bauer forming their company in 1817 and developing early cylinder and rotary presses. The document outlines the growth of the industry in the 19th-20th centuries and major companies that merged, including KBA becoming a global leader by acquiring other presses. It considers future trends like more specialized printers, greater automation, and that over 50% of customers in 2020 may not exist yet.
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Keeping Printing in Perspective: 450 Years of Innovation
- 1. ©KBA 450 YEARS or how to KEEP THINGS IN PERSPECTIVE by Christian Knapp 2020 Vision at the Stationers’ Anniversary 24 May 2007
- 2. ©KBA Keeping Things in Perspective How it used to be … • STONES & CHISEL - WRITER’S CRAMP • HEAVY, BULKY AND BAD ON THE KNEES • CARPAL TUNNEL PROBLEMS • THAT DAMN PAPYRUS !! • BLOOD FOR INK (OR SO I READ) • HOT METAL AND LETTERPRESS
- 3. ©KBA • From Gutenberg to Caxton and … • JUST 180 COPIES OF THE FIRST GUTENBERG BIBLE PRINTED • CAXTONS AVERAGE BOOK run 200 COPIES PRINTED AT ‘SIGN OF THE RED PALE PRESS IN WESTMINSTER’ • MIXING YOUR OWN INK - > NO INK MANUFACTURERS • CASTING YOUR OWN ALLOY FOR LETTERS - > NO PLATE SUPPLIERS • DESIGNING YOUR OWN LETTERPRESS - > NO PRESS MANUFACTURERS • PRINTING ON PARCHMENT-TOOK 5000 CALF SKINS TO PRINT 20 BIBLES -> NO PAPER MANUFACTURERS • COST OF A SINGLE HANDWRITTEN BIBLE ON PARCHMENT = 50 OXEN • COST OF PRINTED BIBLE = 1.5 OXEN • WHAT HAS HAPPENED ?? Keeping Things in Perspective
- 4. ©KBA Keeping Things in Perspective • KBA and the Industrial Revolution • 1806 FRIEDRICH KOENIG COMES TO ENGLAND IN 1806 – ONE DAY BEFORE NAPOLEON BLOCKADES THE ENGLISH CHANNEL • 1809 KOENIG MEETS BAUER IN LONDON PUB (WHERE ELSE) • 1814 “THE TIMES” OF LONDON PURCHASES FIRST STEAM POWERED CYLINDER PRESS • 1817 KOENIG AND BAUER FORMS COMPANY IN FORMER BAVARIAN MONASTERY • 1825 EXPORT SALES START AFTER THE GERMAN MARKET IS SATURATED • 1830 FRENCH MARKET WIPED OUT WHEN FRENCH REVOLUTION TAKES PLACE • 1836 DAILY PAPERS BEGIN SINGLE COPY SALES -> DEMAND FOR NEWSPAPERS AND PRINTING PRESSES BOOM. • 1838 KOENIG & BAUER OUTPUT REACHES 12 PRESSES PER YEAR. • 1844 DISLOYAL EMPLOYEES LEAVE TO START COMPETITOR • 1860 SECOND GENERATION TAKES OVER (NOW INTO THE 9TH GENERATION)
- 5. ©KBA Keeping Things in Perspective • KBA revolution (continued) • 1868 COMPANY SHIPS ITS 100TH PRINTING PRESS • 1876 FIRST WEB FED ROTARY PRESS BUILT • 1898 PLANETA – WHICH BECOMES KBA SHEETFED IN 1994 – IS BORN • Outbreak of WWI ruins sales efforts • 1917 MANUFACUTRE OF PRINTING PRESSES PROHIBITED • 1920 KOENIG & BUAER SECURITY PRESS-COMPANY STAYS SOLVENT DURING DEPRESSION BY PRINTING EMERGENCY CURRENCY WHEN NEEDED • 1931 FIRST 4 COLOUR OFFSET PRESS IS SHIPPED. • During pre-WWII period, innovations needed to stay in business • WW2 PRESS PRODUCTION DROPS TO ZERO • 1945 FACTORY BOMBED AND COMPLETELY DESTROYED • 1985 KOENIG & BAUER GOES PUBLIC (SORT OF) • 1990 KOENIG & BAUER BUYS ALBERT FRANKENTHAL AND BECOMES KBA • 1994 KBA MERGES WITH PLANETA AND BECOMES #3 WORLD-WIDE • 2006 KBA GROUP EMPLOYS 8300 PEOPLE AND RECORD SALES OF £1.2 BN
- 6. ©KBA 10/02 e - Unternehmensgruppe/Geschichte/... Roland-Plamag Plauen 1991 MAN-Roland Augsburg/Offenbach 1979 MAN-Roland Offenbach 1999 Miller-Johannisberg Geisenheim 1960 Roland Offenbach 1930 MAN Augsburg/Nürnberg 1898 Sander Augsburg 1844 Johannisberg Geisenheim 1846 Faber & Schleicher Offenbach 1871 Koenig & Bauer Kloster Oberzell 1817 Helbig & Müller Tirol 1836 Heinrich Loeser Wien 1848 Albert & Hamm Frankenthal 1861 L. Kaiser‘s Soehne Wien 1890 Schnellpressenfabrik Koebau / Moedling 1927 Koenig & Bauer AG Moedling 1960 KBA-Motter Corp. York/USA 1988 Albert-Frankenthal AG Frankenthal 1978 Koenig & Bauer- Albert AG Würzburg 1995 KBA-Planeta AG Radebeul 1991 Leipziger Schnellpressfabrik 1910 Dresdener Schnellpressenfabrik 1898 Dresden-Leipziger Schnellpressenfabrik Coswig / 1922 VEB-Planeta Dresden 1956 Koenig & Bauer AG Würzburg 1920 Koenig & Bauer Würzburg, Frankenthal, Radebeul 1998 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG 1990 Heidelberg- Harris 1990 Schnellpressenfbk Heidelberg 1899 ( C.Reichenbach ) ( J.Hauss ) ( A.Hamm ) ( H.Loeser ) ( F. Helbig ) ( J.Klein ) ( A.Albert) Family Tree of the German Printing Press Industry
- 8. ©KBA Keeping Things in Perspective Share of media time The web attracts 27% of users’ media consumption Share of advertising … but only 11% of ads are placed on the internet at present Source / Graphics: PWC reproduced in The Sunday Times, 1.4.07 =>
- 9. ©KBA Keeping Things in Perspective • Short term future of the Industry • MORE PUBLISHERS BY CONSUMER SEGEMENT (POINT CAST v BORADCAST) • LESS NEWSPAPER PRINTERS -> MORE CONTRACT PRINTING SUCH AS TELEGRAPH DECISION TO PRINT AT NEWS INTERNATIONAL • COMBINED INTERACTIVE INTERNET EDITIONS, PRINTED EDITIONS, TMC PRODUCTS, FREE DAILY TABLOIDS, FOREIGN LANGUAGE TABLOIDS AND OTHER SPECIALTY PRODUCTS • SPECIALISED SHEETFED PRINTERS IN MAGAZINES, OUTDOOR, DISPLAY, PACKAGING, PoS, LABEL, xxx AND xxx • EVEN MORE FOCUS ON COLOUR, QUALITY, WATERLESS, HYBRID, WASTE AND ENVIRONMENT • MORE AUTOMATION -> LIGHTS OUT PRODUCTION
- 10. ©KBA Keeping Things in Perspective FINAL OBSERVATIONS • 50% OF THE SALES YOU MAKE IN 2020 WILL BE FROM CUSTOMERS THAT DON’T EXIST TODAY. THIS APPLIES TO SHEETFED AND WEB PRINTERS (AS WELL AS SUPPLIERS) • PAST SUCCESS IS YOUR WORST ENEMY GOING FORWARD • IF IT WORKS TODAY, IT’S ALREADY OBSOLETE • LEARN TO FAIL & GET UP AGAIN • MAKE RAPID CHANGE YOU BEST FRIEND • DON’T WORRY, THERE WILL ALWAYS BE A PLACE FOR GREAT PRINTERS (not so sure about the suppliers)
- 11. ©KBA Thank you for your attention Christian Knapp KBA (UK) Ltd. cknapp@kba-print.co.uk www.kba-print.co.uk