1. BEIJING BOSTON BRUSSELS CHICAGO DALLAS FRANKFURT GENEVA HONG KONG HOUSTON LONDON LOS ANGELES NEW YORK PALO ALTO SAN FRANCISCO SHANGHAI SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO WASHINGTON, D.C.
Cleantech Open Webinar –p
Capitalization and Related Topics
Presented by
Sidley Austin’sSidley Austin s
Emerging Companies and Venture Capital Group
Palo Alto, CA
Deborah Marshall Ilan Hornstein
Partner Associate
Email: dmarshall@sidley.com Email: ihornstein@sidley.com
Phone: 650.565.7004 Phone: 650.565.7049

2. AgendaAgenda
• Cap Table Basics
– What is it? What does it mean?
• Actual vs. Pro Forma Cap Tables
• Simple Cap Table• Simple Cap Table
• Overview of Types of Securities
• Who is on the Cap Tablep
• Simple Cap Table
• Vesting – Looking Behind the Cap Table Numbers
• Anti-Dilution Protection
• Series A Term Sheet & Pro Forma Capitalization Table
• Questions• Questions
2

3. Actual and Pro Forma
i li iCapitalization
• Cap Tablep
– Shares Authorized (Theoretical Limit)
– Shares Reserved for Issuance (Planned-for Future Dilution)
Sh O t t di– Shares Outstanding (Actual Current State)
– Fully-Diluted “Outstanding” (Theoretical Current State)
– Convertible Debto e b e eb
• Pro Forma Cap Table
– “As-if” cap table
– Shows impact of a future event, e.g. financing round
or liquidity eventor liquidity event
3

4. Authorized vs. Outstanding
F ll Dil dvs. Fully Diluted
Outstanding Fully Diluted Authorized
Actual outstanding shares
only. Represents the true
current state of the Company
Assumes exercise of certain
issued and issuable convertible
equity securities and includes all
Maximum authorized
amount fixed in Certificate of
Incorporation Can be
4
current state of the Company. equity securities and includes all
outstanding and all reserved
shares.
Incorporation. Can be
increased by amendment of
the Certificate.

5. All Securities
(and Rights to Acquire Securities)( g q )
are on the Cap Table
• Shares
– Ownership of an economic and voting interest (both are very
important and are reflected in the cap table and the charter –
must read both to understand the full picture)
O h t ( t d h )– One share, one vote (even unvested shares)
• Options
– A right to buy shares at a given price (“upside”)
– Then what’s a warrant?
– No voting rights (until buying shares)
• Convertible Debt
– A loan to the company that is convertible into shares and may
have special economic rights on liquidation prior to conversion
– No voting rights (until converted into shares)
5

6. Who is on the Cap Table?
Initial Team Directors EmployeesInitial Team, Directors, Employees,
Consultants, Etc.
• Founder Shares
• Equity Plan (reserved and outstanding
reflected in the cap table)p )
• Spousal rights (not on the cap table but critical
to address))
• Vesting (important but generally not reflected
in the cap table)p )
6

7. Who is on the Cap Table?
lAngel Investors
• Debt vs EquityDebt vs Equity
• Valuation
P t ti C t l• Protection vs Control
• Convert in Equity Round
• Cap on conversion price• Cap on conversion price
7

8. Who is on the Cap Table?
Venture Investors
• Control and ProtectionControl and Protection
• Valuation
i dil i i• Anti-dilution protection
• Follow-on Investment (and “Pay to Play”)
• Voting Protections on Key Events (not
generally reflected on the cap table)g y p )
• Intra-Investor Issues (voting blocks and
balance maybe only partially revealed – seebalance maybe only partially revealed see
voting agreements and charter) 8

9. Simple Cap TableSimple Cap Table
Shares/Units % of F/D
Founder 1 400,000 40.0%Founder 1 400,000 40.0%
Founder 2 200,000 20.0%
Founder 3 200,000 20.0%
College Roommate (Consultant) 10,000 1.0%
N i hb (Ad i ) 10 000 1 0%Neighbor (Advisor) 10,000 1.0%
Total Common Outstanding: 820,000 82.0%
Options
Common Reserved for Pool 200,000
Shares Issued 20,000
Options Outstanding 120 000 12 0%Options Outstanding 120,000 12.0%
Remaining Available for Issuance 60,000 6.0%
Equity Incentive Pool Impact: 180,000 18.0%
9
q y p ,
Total Fully Diluted: 1,000,000 100.0%

10. Simple Cap Table
VOTING POWER
Shares/Units % of F/D
% of
Outstandingg
Founder 1 400,000 40.0% 48.8%
Founder 2 200,000 20.0% 24.4%
Founder 3 200,000 20.0% 24.4%
College Roommate (Consultant) 10 000 1 0% 1 2%College Roommate (Consultant) 10,000 1.0% 1.2%
Neighbor (Advisor) 10,000 1.0% 1.2%
Total Common Outstanding: 820,000 82.0% 100.0%
• Founder 1 can reach majority
without needing another
F dFounder.
• Roommate and Neighbor are
critical swing-votes
10
critical swing-votes

11. Vesting Impacts Distributions on
dLiquidity Events
• Vesting FormulaVesting Formula
– Silicon Valley Standard = 4/1
– Vesting for Founders Sharesg
– Time
– Milestones
• Vesting Commencement Date & Acceleration
– Employeesp y
– Consultants
– Advisors
11

12. Anti-Dilution Protection
• Goal: Protect economic and voting interest
• Triggered by economically dilutive issuances and deemed
issuances
– Exceptions for issuances other than for financing purposesp g p p
• Formula
– Broad-based weighted average
– Full ratchet (rare on west coast)Full ratchet (rare on west coast)
– Strength of protection driven by investor’s view of risk of
investment
• Reflected in the cap table: “as converted to common”Reflected in the cap table: as converted to common
– Impacts voting balance and distribution on liquidity events
Who is diluted by the adjustment?Who is diluted by the adjustment?
12

13. Anti-Dilution Protection:
d b d h dBroad-based Weighted Average
( )BA +( )
C)+(A
BA
CP1=CP2 +
∗
• CP2 = New Conversion Price• CP2 = New Conversion Price
• CP1 = Conversion Price before adjustment
• A = Fully-diluted number of sharesA = Fully diluted number of shares
• B = $ received by Company divided by CP1 (i.e. number
of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued
if issued at a price per share equal to CP1)
• C = Number of shares issued in dilutive issuance
13

14. Anti-Dilution Protection:
ll hFull Ratchet
issuancedilutiveinshareperPrice=CP2
14

15. Anti-Dilution Protection:
l f ffExample of Effect
Series A Price (CP1) 1.00$Se es ce ( ) 00$
Series B Price (Down Round) 0.50$ Series B Pre-Money Value 4,000,000.00$
F/D Number of Shares Pre 8,000,000 Series B $ Invested 4,000,000.00$
Series B Shares Issued 8,000,000 Series B Post-Money Value 8,000,000.00$
F/D Number of Shares Post 16 000 000F/D Number of Shares Post 16,000,000
Ownership, Post
(as converted)
Percent
(F/D)
Liquidation
Preference CP2
S i A I P M 3 200 000 40% 1 600 000 00$Series A Investors Pre-Money 3,200,000 40% 1,600,000.00$
Series A Investors Post-Money
(without anti-dilution adjustment)
3,200,000 20% 1,600,000.00$ 1.00$
Series A Investors Post-Money
4 266 667 27% 2 133 333 33$ 0 75$
(broad-based adjustment)
4,266,667 27% 2,133,333.33$ 0.75$
Series A Investors Post-Money
(full ratchet adjustment)
6,400,000 40% 3,200,000.00$ 0.50$
15
Series A Investors Post-Money
(if Series B price was CP1- $1.00)
3,200,000 27% 2,133,333.33$ 1.00$

16. Series A Term SheetSeries A Term Sheet
TERM SHEET - SERIES A FINANCING FOR STARTUP, INC.
Amount
Investment Amazing Capital $4,000,000
Wealthy Uncle $ 600,000*
Buddy Who Sold Startup to Tech Giant $ 400,000*
Total Series A Round $5,000,000
Valuation Pre-money valuation of $7 million, with a post of $12 million
Price Per Share $0.5506 – Pro-Forma Cap Table attached
B id N t * W lth U l ’ d B dd ’ tibl d bt ( i i l l i t t) t b t dBridge Notes * Wealthy Uncle’s and Buddy’s convertible debt (principal plus interest) to be converted
into Series A per terms and conditions of the notes (20% discount) and their investment
amount above shall be reduced by such amount.
Board 5 Directors: 2 nominated by Common Stock (initially, the Company’s CEO and CTO), 2
C ( )nominated by Amazing Capital (initially, John Doe and Jane Amazing), and 1
independent director jointly elected (initially left vacant)
16

17. Series A Term Sheet
d- continued -
V ti & F d 30% f h t d t bj t t ti h d l t b dVesting & - Founders: 30% of shares vested, rest subject to vesting per schedule to be agreed
Incentive Pool upon prior to closing. At change of control, double trigger acceleration on
50% of remaining unvested shares and options held by Founders
- Non-Founders: four year monthly vesting with one year cliff
- Option Pool to be increased so 15% post-money available for grant
Conversion At holder’s option, compulsory on majority vote of Preferred Stock (voting together as a
single class), and automatically upon IPO at 5X original price ($2.75+/share)
Dividends 6% non-cumulative, if and when declared by Board
Liquidation Pref. Non-participating; 1X original purchase price plus declared dividends
Anti-dilution Standard; Broad-based weighted averageAnti dilution Standard; Broad based weighted average
Voting Rights Approval of majority of the Preferred Stock on customary protective provisions
17

18. Series A Term Sheet
d- continued -
ROFR & Co-Sale Company ROFR on all shares of capital stock held by Founders and Key Employees,
assignable to the investors if not exercised by the Company. Co-sale rights for investors
on any shares not purchased pursuant to the ROFR.
Closing - Closing to occur on or before August 31 2013Closing Closing to occur on or before August 31, 2013
Conditions - Employees and Founders sign proprietary information agreement
- Completion of legal and financial due diligence and founder references
- Opinion of counsel
Documentation Definitive documentation will contain other standard and customary rights, preferencesDocumentation Definitive documentation will contain other standard and customary rights, preferences
and privileges. Documents to be drafted by counsel for _______________.
Fees & Expenses Company will reimburse legal fees of Amazing Capital up to $______________.
18

19. Series A Pro Forma Cap TablePost-Money Capitalization
Pre-Money Capitalization
(i.e. Post 10:1 Split & Pool Increase)
Prior Capitalization
Series A Preferred Stock:
New Money
Shares
Note Conv.
Shares Total Shares
% of
F/D
% of
Preferred
Amazing Capital 7,264,802 - 7,264,802 32.8% 76.9%
Wealthy Uncle 127,134 1,203,178 1,330,312 6.0% 14.1%
Buddy Who Sold Startup 245,187 601,589 846,776 3.8% 9.0%
Total Series A Outstanding: 7,637,123 1,804,767 9,441,890 42.6% 100.0%
Common Stock: Total Common
% of
F/D
Total
Common
% of
F/D Total Common
% of
F/D
Founder 1 400,000 40.0% 4,000,000 31.5% 4,000,000 18.1%
Founder 2 200,000 20.0% 2,000,000 15.7% 2,000,000 9.0%
Founder 3 200,000 20.0% 2,000,000 15.7% 2,000,000 9.0%
College Roommate 10,000 1.0% 100,000 0.8% 100,000 0.5%
Neighbor 10,000 1.0% 100,000 0.8% 100,000 0.5%
Total Common Outstanding: 820 000 82 0% 8 200 000 64 5% 8 200 000 37 0%Total Common Outstanding: 820,000 82.0% 8,200,000 64.5% 8,200,000 37.0%
Equity Incentive Plan:
Common Reserved for Pool 180,000 1,800,000 4,512,650
Increase in Pool - 2,712,650
Options Outstanding 120,000 12.0% 1,200,000 9.4% 1,200,000 5.4%
Remaining Available for Issuance 60,000 6.0% 3,312,650 26.1% 3,312,650 15.0%
Common + Pool: 1,000,000 100.0% 12,712,650 100.0% 12,712,650 57.4%
Total Fully Diluted: 1,000,000 100.0% 12,712,650 100.0% 22,154,540 100.0%
Convertible Notes: Principal
Principal +
Interest Discount
Conversion
Price
W lth U l 500 000 00$ 530 000 00$ 20% $ 0 4405
Note: Discount is reflected in
Wealthy Uncle 500,000.00$ 530,000.00$ 20% $ 0.4405
Buddy Who Sold Startup 250,000.00$ 265,000.00$ 20% $ 0.4405
Total Outstanding: $ 750,000.00 $795,000.00
$
Details of Investment in Series A Round
Valuation
conversion price,which is 20%
lower than the SeriesA Price.
19
Pre-Money Valuation
Price Per Share
New Money In
Notes Converted Amazing $ - $ - $ - $ 4,000,000.00 $ 4,000,000.00
Total Round Uncle $500,000.00 $30,000.00 $ 530,000.00 $ 70,000.00 $ 600,000.00
Buddy $250,000.00 $15,000.00 $ 265,000.00 $ 135,000.00 $ 400,000.00
Post-Money Valuation Total $750,000.00 $45,000.00 $ 795,000.00 $ 4,205,000.00 $ 5,000,000.00
$ 795,000.00
$ 12,000,000.00
$ 4,205,000.00
$ 5,000,000.00
$ 7,000,000.00
Principal Interest
$ 0.5506
Note Total
(P+I)
New
Money
Total Investment
in Round

20. Key Emerging Company Relationships
Non-
Practicing
EntitiesImplementation
Former
Employer Formation
Consultants
University
NEWCO
Employees
Co-
founders
Advisers Spouse
Board
Strategic Venture
Angel
Investors
Partners Investors
Validation 20

21. OUR GLOBAL COVERAGE:OUR GLOBAL COVERAGE:
Global Reach
 Approximately 1,700 lawyers in
19 ffi ld id19 offices worldwide
 Our offices are located in critical
financial and commercial centers
 8 offices in the US totaling 1,420
lawyers
 4 offices in Europe totaling 160
lawyers with a significant
corporate and securities practice
in London
 6 offices in Asia Pacific totaling
130 l h ti130 lawyers who are native-
speaking or fluent in languages
including Korean, Mandarin,
Cantonese, Taiwanese and
Japanese as well as English
 Handle work in dozens ofHandle work in dozens of
languages
21

22. Thanks for Inviting Us!
Deborah Marshall
Partner
M&A
Deborah A. Marshall is a partner with the firm and concentrates her practice on strategic
business counseling for emerging growth companies and investors at all stages of development,
from start-up entrepreneurs to publicly traded entities and technology-based, multinational
tiM&A
Emerging Companies
Venture Capital
Technology Transactions
+1.650.565.7004
corporations.
Ms. Marshall has advised issuers, investors and investment banking firms in the internet,
software, electronics, clean technology, media, entertainment, biopharmaceutical, genomics,
medical device and diagnostics sectors. She has significant experience in venture capital
financing, mergers and acquisitions, public offerings, private equity and strategic partnerships.
Ms. Marshall is a frequent speaker on issues related to venture capital, emerging growth
dmarshall@sidley.com companies, life sciences, public securities and entrepreneurship. She has been a guest lecturer
on entrepreneurship at the University of California Berkeley Haas School of Business, as well as a
member of the faculty of the Haas Business School’s Global Bio-Executive Program.
Ilan Hornstein
Associate
Emerging Companies
Venture Capital
Ilan B. Hornstein’s practice encompasses a variety of business and transactional matters, including
domestic and cross-border acquisitions, technology transactions, energy project developments,
complex secured and unsecured debt financings, and general corporate matters. His clients include
domestic and international private and public companies, banks and other financial institutions,
private equity firms, and governmental entities.p
Technology Transactions
+1.650.565.7049
ihornstein@sidley.com
To better serve and understand his clients, Mr. Hornstein draws on over four years of domestic and
international business experience he gained prior to law school. An electrical engineer by training, he
has worked in the finance, business development, strategic planning, and information technology
departments of a large defense contractor. In addition, he is Raytheon Six Sigma certified and a
graduate of Raytheon’s Leadership Development Program. He has worked in Germany, the United
Kingdom and the United States.
Mr. Hornstein is fluent in English and German.
22

23. QuestionsQuestions
23