2. Introduction
The classic testing methods involve testers to create test cases and test
scripts using a test basis such as requirements and specification
documents (e.g. Doors), in a process known as ‘Scripted Testing’ (ST).
ST led to excessive testing of easy cases, while failing to allow sufficient time
to creative testing of more interesting and complex cases
‘Exploratory testing’ (ET) is referred as a new approach
and was introduced by Cem Kaner
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3. About Exploratory Testing
“A style of software testing that emphasizes the
personal freedom and responsibility of the individual
tester to continually optimize the quality of his work
by treating test-related learning, test design,
test execution, and test result interpretation”
(Kaner C., 1983)
Keys:
- stimulates the cognitive engagement of the tester
- increases responsibility for managing time properly
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4. What is Exploratory Testing (ET) ?
ET represents:
a technique for designing and executing better tests
simultaneous learning, test design and test execution
adapting the tests as they are performed
ET does not specify:
how the test activities should be planned, managed and tracked
how the test environment should be set up
risk evaluation for safety critical applications
which tools should be used
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5. Exploratory Testing: Pro and Con
ET – main advantages:
encourages creativity, adaptability and intuition
increases the chance of finding bugs in a shorter time period
the tester is free to explore new areas as test ideas arise during test execution
is useful when complete documentation is not always available
is investigative rather than confirmative
it’s more fun than ST
ET – disadvantages:
depends heavily on the testing skills and domain knowledge of the tester
when combined with ST, it involves a risk of redundant tests
is not suitable for complex tests with a long execution time
does not provide absolute assurance that the most important bugs have been found
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6. Exploratory Testing: case study
Complete Testing = ST + ET
ET
Quality
ST
Q
ua
nt
it y
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7. When to apply Exploratory Testing
When ET should be used ?
the test team includes experienced testers
validate the work of a tested component (explore the tested feature)
‘smoke test’ is desired before starting with large-scale test execution
isolate and investigate a particular defect
in an early iteration (product not ready for ST)
improve ST for safety critical applications
a new tester enters the team (learning phase)
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8. Important Notes
ET - important notes !
Preparation, planning and management of test activities
cannot be conducted in an exploratory way!
Traditional techniques should be used instead: documenting test plans,
test strategies and test summary reports
ET is not Agile Testing !
AT is how the test activities are to be managed and tracked
ET is a technique for designing and executing tests
ET can be considered to be an agile approach to testing
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9. Success stories
Success stories about companies which use ET:
1. Microsoft
determine in a limited amount of time if an application works well
on a new version of Windows
addresses both application functionality and stability
2. Adobe
Improve the quality of software testing for their main line products on the market
2. Phillips
Testing new features in safety-critical life-sustaining medical devices
3. Thales
IM product test (Vlaicu Constantinescu)
FEC test team (Mihai Niculita)
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10. Questions about Exploratory Testing
Who Does Exploratory Testing?
Any software tester knowingly or unknowingly does it !
What qualities do I need to posses to be able to perform ET?
the only limit to perform exploratory testing is your imagination and creativity
your ability to explore and create more test cases
Why do I need to perform ET if I already use ST ?
ET is used to increase the probability of finding defects but doesn’t replace ST !
What is my job as exploratory tester?
explore a component of the system
think about what should be tested
implement the appropriate tests
write down test results
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11. Conclusions
Conclusions:
1. Many testers are trapped in comfortable ways of doing testing:
The style of testing is often promoted as “professional”
Sometimes the lack of experience may produce test results with poor coverage
Some relatively unskilled testers may produce inefficient tests
Quantity does not always means quality !
2. In order to achieve a higher product quality (less defects) a tester should:
develop his creativity and maximize the value of test results
use both testing techniques: ST and ET !
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12. The End
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