4. E to IE
E to I
Piensa
Pide
Piensan
Piden
Pe Pe
Pides Piensas
idi nsa
r r
Peidimos Pensamos
Pido Pienso
STEM CHANGERS
and Vosotros forms
are in the Nosotros
change when they
The verbs do not
U to UE
O to UE
Cuenta Juega
Cuentan Juegan
Co Ju
nta Cuentas ga Juegas
r
r
Contamos Jugamos
Cuento Juego
5. PARA
• Para means "for" or "in order to".
• It is used to state the purpose or reason of
something.
EXAMPLE!!!!
• necessito tomar un examem para la classe de
español
7. OBJECT PRONOUN PLACMENT
• Goes before the infinitive (conjugated verb).
• connects with an affirmative command.
• Goes before the conjugated verb.
• with the progressive tense of a verb.
8. GUSTAR
• Gustar is used to talk about things that people like.
• IOP'S go with the verb gustar
• change gustar between the singular and plural forms when
necessary.
• I like - Me gusta
• You like- Te gusta
• You(formal), He, She likes- Le gusta
• We like - Nos gustan
• You all like - Os gustan
• You all(formal), They like - Les gustan
9. AFFIRMATIVE WORDS AND NEGATIVE
WORDS
Affirmative words Negative words
Algo - somthing Nada - nothing
Alguien - someone Nadie - no one
Algun / Alguno - same Ningun / Ninguno -
none, not any
Siempre - always Nunca - never
Tambien - also Tampoco -
neither, either
These words are used to talk about a negative situation.
10. SUPERLATIVES
• Superlatives express extremes with an adjective. You drop the ending vowel
and add the ending -isimo. depending on the contest of the situation you may
have to adjust the new ending for gender and plural forms.
-Isimo -Isima -Isimos
-Isimas
• when the ending of the word is a C, G, or Z, then you change the endings as
followed
C - Qu G - Gu Z-C
11. REFLEXIVES
• These verbs are used to describe what happens to themselves.
• Reflexive pronouns are used with reflexive verbs, this helps indicate that that
the subject of the sentence receives the action of the verb.
• many verbs can be used with or without Reflexive Verbs but keep in mind
that the person that is doing the action is not receiving the action.
Me lavo
Nos lavamos
Lavarse Te lavas Os
laváis
to watch oneself Se lava Se
lavan
12. AFFIRMATIVE TU COMMANDS + IRREGULARS
+ PRONOUN PLACEMENT
• These give instructions or commands by using the affirmative tú commands
of the regular verbs.
• these verbs are formed by dropping the "s". another way to think about this is
by thinking of it as being in the ud. form even though it is still a tú command.
• the pronoun attaches to the command.
• irregular affirmative Tú commands include:
Decir Hacer Ir Poner Salir Ser Tener
Venir
Di Haz Ve Pon Sal
Sé Ten Ven
13. NEGATIVE TU COMMAND + IRREGULARS +
PRONOUN PLACEMENT
• These commands are used to tell people what not to do.
• to form an Negative Tú command you take the Yo form of the verb. change
the Vowel, and add an "s".
• The object pronouns precede the verbs in negative commands.
• irregular forms of these verbs include:
Tener Venir Dar/Decir Ir Ser Hacer
Estar Saber
Sengas Vengas De/Digas Voyas Seas Hagas Estés
Sepas
14. SEQUENCING EVENTS
Primero First
Entonces Then
Luego/Después Then/ After
Por Fin Finally
Antes de/Después de Before/ After
Por la Mañana/ tarde/ noche In the morning/ afternoon/ night
