Isu isu dalam matematik
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SME 6014 PENGAJARAN MATEMATIK
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Isu isu dalam matematik
- 1. Pensyarah: Profesor Dr. Marzita binti Puteh Disediakan oleh, SME6014 Pengajaran Matematik TAJUK: ISU-ISU DALAM MATEMATIK Aw Ying Juan M20132002110 Lee Huey Kuan M20141000970 Lok Yian Lin M20141000936 Tan Chew Peng M20131000648 FAKULTI SAINS DAN MATEMATIK
- 2. STATUS PENCAPAIAN MALAYSIA DALAM PISA DAN TIMSS • Pengenalan kepada Ujian PISA • Program international Student Assessment • Anjuran • The Organisation For Economic Co – operation And Development (OECD) • Diadakan tiga tahun sekali
- 3. • Tujuan • Menguji tahap penguasaan membaca, Sains dan Matematik • Kesediaan pelajar umur 15 tahun memasuki alam dewasa STATUS PENCAPAIAN MALAYSIA DALAM PISA DAN TIMSS
- 4. • Fokus • Aplikasi Kurikulum dalam kehidupan harian STATUS PENCAPAIAN MALAYSIA DALAM PISA DAN TIMSS • Penyertaan • 65 buah negara yang menyertai pada PISA 2012
- 5. STATUS PENCAPAIAN MALAYSIA DALAM PISA DAN TIMSS • Pengenalan kepada TIMSS • Trends In International Mathematics And Science Study • Anjuran • International Association For The Evaluation Of Educational Achievement (IEA) • Diadakan empat tahun sekali
- 6. STATUS PENCAPAIAN MALAYSIA DALAM PISA DAN TIMSS • Tujuan • Menguji tahap penguasaan pelajar terhadap Sains dan Matematik • Penyertaan pelajar berumur 14 tahun
- 7. STATUS PENCAPAIAN MALAYSIA DALAM PISA DAN TIMSS TIMSS Tahun Kedudukan Markah 1999 16 / 38 519 2003 10 / 45 508 2007 20 / 49 474 2011 26 / 42 440 PISA 2009 2012 Matematik – 57 (mata 404) Matematik – 52 (mata 421)
- 8. Tindakan KPM • Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah (KSSR) • Empat tonggak pendidikan UNESCO • Learning to know • Learning to do • Learning to live together • Learning to be • Tarikh pelaksanaan: 2011 murid tahun 1
- 9. Tindakan KPM • Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah (KSSM) • Peperiksaan kebangsaan dan peperiksaan berasaskan sekolah telah diubahsuai
- 11. Dasar Pelaksanaan PBS • Transformasi Sistem Pentaksiran Pendidikan Kebangsaan (SPPK) • Bersifat holistik yang menilai aspek • Kognitif • Afektif • Psikomotor • sosial
- 12. KOMPONEN PBS • Pentaksiran Sekolah (PS) • Pentaksiran Pusat (PP) • Pentaksiran Psikometrik (Ppsi) • Pentaksiran Aktiviti Jasmani, Sukan dan Kokurikulum (PAJSK)
- 14. ISU – ISU PBS • Cikgu – cikgu menghadapi masalah kekangan masa dalam usaha untuk mencapai objektif pengajaran dan pembelajaran yang ditetapkan dalam sukatan pelajaran serta menjalankan pentaksiran sumatif.
- 15. ISU – ISU PBS • Cikgu – cikgu menghadapi masalah kekangan masa dalam penyediaan rancangan mengajar, pembinaan instrumen untuk beberapa subjek dalam satu masa yang sama dan untuk kelas yang berbeza.
- 16. ISU – ISU PBS • Maklumat yang disampaikan kurang jelas. • Wujud pelbagai kaedah pelaksanaan. • Wujudnya pelbagai tahap untuk menilai para pelajar. • Nisbah 1 guru dan 40 hingga 50 pelajar
- 17. KESAN POSITIF • Meningkatkan prestasi murid • Mengurangkan tekanan belajar • Membantu guru menguruskan masa • Memberi lebih banyak kesenangan kepada golongan ibu bapa Petikan mymetro
- 18. KESAN NEGATIF • Memerlukan masa yang banyak untuk menyemak ujian bertulis murid sepanjang masa • Memberi tekanan kepada cikgu untuk menyiapkan segala tugas yang diperolehi • Peningkatan beban tugas dan tekanan kerja • Waktu kualiti bersama berkurang. Petikan Utusan Malaysia online
- 19. KESAN NEGATIF • Pelajar semakin pasif. • Pelajar tidak minat mengulangkaji di rumah Dipetik dari Sinar Harian
- 21. KBAT
- 22. Situasi murid kurang kemahiran berfikir.
- 23. Murid kurang kemahiran berfikir. Tanggungjawab guru? Tanggungjawab murid?
- 25. “guru memainkan peranan yang penting dalam dunia pendidikan dengan menyediakan pelajar ke arah mencapai matlamat dan wawasan pendidikan. Oleh itu, tahap pengetahuan guru dan persepsi guru terhadap pengajaran kemahiran berfikir akan mempengaruhi amalan dalam pengajaran”. (Mohd, Baharom Abdul . 2011)
- 26. Persoalan: • Adakah guru faham dengan KBAT? • Adakah guru mahir dalam KBAT? • Adakah murid kita bersedia menjawab soalan KBAT?
- 27. Kefahaman guru • KBAT mesti merupakan soalan yang sukar? • Contoh. • Pandangan murid akan dipengaruhi oleh guru.
- 28. Kesediaan murid • Murid suka menghafal. • Murid kita kurang mampu untuk menjawab item KBAT.
- 29. Kemahiran guru • Dapatan kajian telah menunjukkan bahawa guru kurang kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi dalam pdp mereka (KPM, 2012).
- 30. Kesan: • PdP menjadi tidak berkesan. • Murid hilang minat dalam subjek Matematik. • Pencapaian murid terjejas (pencapaian rendah). • Murid kurang keyakinan diri.
- 31. KBAT=HEBAT
- 33. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa guru kurang kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran mereka. Pengajaran di dalam bilik darjah banyak berpusatkan kepada guru dan menjurus ke arah persediaan peperiksaan. Kesemua dapatan ini telah mendorong pihak KPM memantapkan lagi usaha ke arah menghasilkan modal insan yang kreatif dan berinovatif. Dengan itu, KPM telah bekerjasama dengan Agensi Inovasi Malaysia (di bawah Jabatan Perdana Menteri)melaksanakan program i-THINK. (KPM, 2012) KEPERLUAN PROGRAM I-THINK
- 34. Guru perlu mengaplikasikan pelbagai kaedah untuk menjana kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi (KBAT). Salah satu alat pemikiran yang sesuai ialah Peta Pemikiran i-Think. (Khalidah Othman, Saodah Ismail, Haslina Jaafar & Aminah Samsudin, 2014) Model pembelajaran matematik terdahulu yang menekankan belajar mengikut ingatan merupakan satu model yang kurang berstruktur. Tujuan utama pendidikan matematik ialah untuk membolehkan pelajar membentuk kefahaman yang betul terhadap setiap konsep yang dipelajarinya justeru mampu memperbaiki dan mempertingkatkan mutu pendidikan negara untuk menghasilkan generasi Malaysia yang bukan sahaja kreatif dan inovatif. Azizi Hj. Yahaya, Elanggovan A/L M. Savarimuthu, 2010) KEPERLUAN PROGRAM I-THINK
- 41. Kesan Program i-think Pendekatan yang realistik serta praktikal memupuk proses pemikiran dalam kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran di sekolah. Menerap kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi untuk meningkatkan keupayaan serta kebolehan sedia ada pada pelajar di samping membantu mereka memahami sesuatu konsep dan aplikasi dalam permasalahan. (utusan online, 18/02/2013)
- 42. Kesan Program i-think Timbalan ketua pengarah pendidikan Malaysia Datuk Sufa’at Tamin berkata: 1)Penerapan i-think bertepatan dengan pelan pembangunan pendidikan Malaysia (PPPM) 2013 hingga 2025. 2)Pelajar akan didedahkan dengan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi sekaligus menepati hasrat kerajaan untuk melahirkan pelajar yang berinovatif dan kreatif. (my metro, 10/11/2013)
- 43. Kesan Program i-think Bagi memantapkan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi dalam kalangan murid, program i-think yang berfokus kepada penggunaan peta minda dan bertujuan mempertingkatkan pembelajaran murid telah dilancarkan di 500 buah sekolah. (laporan tahun 2013 PPPM) Menteri Pelajaran Muhyiddin berkata program i-think akan lebih fokus dalam pembelajaran, kemahiran penaakulan meningkat dan berupayaan menjawab soalan aras tinggi. (M Star, 10/01/2013)
- 44. Kesan Program i-think Program ini sangat relevan dengan pelajar-pelajar kini kerana peta pemikiran yang disediakan sangat membantu dan bertindak sebagai kerangka dan akses kepada mereka untuk berfikir Program ini boleh sebagai alat berfikir, teknik pengajaran berkesan, meningkat kemahiran berfikir dan meningkatkan HOTs dalam pdp pelajar dan guru (Muhamad Sidek Said, Mohamad Ab.Kadir, Mohamad Sabri Awang Hitam, 2013)
- 45. Kesan Program i-think Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pelajar PISMP Semester 2 Ambilan Jun 2013 bersetuju peta pemikiran i-Think diaplikasi dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Literasi Nombor. Aplikasi peta pemikiran i-Think membolehkan pelajar lebih kreatif, berani dan bersedia menggunakan pengurusan grafik dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Matematik. (Khalidah Othman, Saodah Ismail, Haslina Jaafar & Aminah Samsudin, 2014)
- 46. Kesan Program i-think Mengikut Hyerle & Yeager (2007) peta pemikiran memudahkan murid memahami konsep, menganalisis masalah dan mencari penyelesaian. Ini disebabkan penekanannya kepada aktiviti yang berpusatkan murid dan menggalakkan mereka bekerja secara kolaboratif selain daripada hubungan guru murid menjadi lebih rapat kerana guru cenderung berperanan sebagai fasilitator. Setiap perwakilan visual dikaitkan dengan proses pemikiran tertentu. Pelajar menggunakan 8 kemahiran kognitif ini untuk mencipta corak visual mental untuk berfikir. (Hyerle, Yeager dan Sherwin, 2007)
- 48. Media Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran • Saluran komunikasi yang membawa maklumat daripada penyampai kepada penerima. • Media terdiri daripada pelbagai jenis, antaranya radio, televisyen , rakaman audio, gambar foto, slaid , bahan-bahan bercetak dan komputer.
- 49. Media Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Tradisional (Wahyu binti Idrus, 2006) berpusatkan guru terbatas setakat kandungan dalam buku teks pelajar malu bertanya maka pelajar tersebut akan kekal tidak memahami Kurang perhatian individu formal
- 50. Papan hitam dan kapur Papan putih dan marker (OHP) Overhead projector mesin tayang paras atas papan pintar smartboard Tahun 2011 Perkembangan media pengajaran dan pembelajaran Projektor dan skrin
- 51. Frog VLE • Frog VLE adalah satu sistem pembelajaran berasaskan web yang menyerupai dunia pembelajaran sebenar dengan mengintegrasikan konsep pendidikan konvensional menggunakan kaedah maya (Frogasia, 2014)
- 53. Frog VLE • Apa kata guru? • Apa kata pelajar?
- 54. Apakah perubahan daripada 1BestariNet Anjakan 7 Meningkatkan akses internet dan persekitaran pembelajaran maya melalui 1BestariNet bagi semua 10 000 sekolah menjelang 2013. (KPM, 2013) 11 anjakan yang terkandung dalam Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan 2013-2025
- 55. YTL gagal memasang 1003 buah sekolah dengan rangkaian internet jalur lebar pada tempoh yang telah ditetapkan daripada 9889 buah sekolah yang tersenarai Dijangka sekolah akan menerima kelajuan internet 4-20Mpbs tetapi kelajuan yang berjaya dicapai hanya sekadar 0.2-3Mbps Sistem Virtual Learning Experience (VLE) masih lagi gagal apabila kadar penggunaannya hanya serendah 4% sahaja Berita Harian (17 Mac 2015)
- 56. • Jawatankuasa Kira-Kira Wang Negara(PAC), Datuk Nur Jazlan Mohamed berpendapat, perlaksanaan projek untuk tempoh 15 tahun yang bernilai RM4.077 bilion ini lemah dan ia tidak seharusnya diteruskan lagi ke fasa seterusnya. • YTL didenda RM 2.4 juta kerana gagal penuhi kontrak 1BestariNet. • Walau bagaimanapun, PAC dimaklumkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM) bahawa fasa kedua bagi projek menyalurkan perkhidmatan internet ke sekolah-sekolah akan tetap diteruskan. Berita Harian (17 Mac 2015)
- 57. Objektif program ini adalah untuk membantu melonjakan transformasi pendidikan negara dengan mengukuhkan profesion perguruan di Malaysia. 2500 buah sekolah yang terpilih Guru muda di bawah usia 40 tahun
- 58. Kesan Positif 1BestariNet Frog VLE • Murid-murid belajar secara kolaborasi pada bila-bila masa dan di mana-mana sahaja. (Frogasia, 2014) • Guru-guru menerokai kaedah baru pembelajaran yang bersesuaian dengan kaedah dan corak pembelajaran masa kini. (Frogasia, 2014) • Frog VLE selaku ABM membantu guru dalam menghasilkan sumber-sumber pengajaran yang menarik dan menambat perhatian pelajar (1Bestarinet, 2012).
- 59. Kesan Negatif 1BestariNet Frog VLE • Capaian internet yang terhad • Masa yang tidak mencukupi • Sukatan pelajaran dan bebanan kerja guru yang banyak (Norazilawati Abdullah Noraini Mohamed Noh, Nik Azmah Nik Yusuff & Rosnidar Mansor, 2013)
- 60. Cadangan kepada 1BestariNet Frog VLE Penyediaan kursus dan latihan untuk mendedahkan guru kepada cara untuk mengekses Frog VLE. Menjadikan Frog VLE sebagai satu subjek yang perlu diikuti oleh guru pelatih semasa belajar di Institut Pendidikan Guru. Penyediaan capaian internet 4G yang kukuh untuk mengekses laman web Frog VLE. Penggunaan ID dan kata laluan pengguna Frog VLE yang lebih senang diingati. Penambahan bilangan komputer Menambah bilangan waktu komputer. Dijadikan lebih mesra pengguna.
Notas del editor
- Animated open book effect (Difficult) Tip: You will need to use drawing guides and the ruler to position the objects on this slide. To display the drawing guides and the ruler, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. Right-click the slide background area, and then click Grid and Guides. In the Grid and Guides dialog box, under Guide settings, select Display drawing guides on screen. (Note: One horizontal and one vertical guide will display on the slide at 0.00, the default position. The spine of the book will be aligned to the vertical drawing guide.) On the View tab, in the Show/Hide group, select Ruler. To reproduce the first shape in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rounded Rectangle (second option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rounded rectangle. Select the rounded rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.5”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.33”. On the rounded rectangle, drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle to the left to decrease the amount of rounding on the corners. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Right (first row, fourth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 0°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 50% (sixth row, sixth option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 25% (fifth row, sixth option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane. In the Line Color pane, select No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then in the 3-D Format pane, do the following: Under Bevel, click the button next to Top, and then under Bevel click Circle (first row, first option from the left). Next to Top, in the Width box, enter 4 pt, and in the Height box, enter 4 pt. Under Surface, click the button next to Material, and then under Standard click Warm Matte (second option from the left). Also under Surface, click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral, click Three Point (first row, first option from the left). On the slide, drag the rounded rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the second shape in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. On the slide, drag the duplicate rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Shape Width box, enter 0.73”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 50%. Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 100%. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane. In the 3-D Format pane, under Bevel, click the button next to Top, and then under No Bevel, click None. To reproduce the third shape (first small rectangle on the book spine) in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: Select the first, larger rectangle on the slide. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the third, duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 0.08”. In the Shape Width box, enter 0.73”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Diagonal (first row, third option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 135°. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then in the 3-D Format pane, do the following: Under Bevel, next to Top, in the Width box, enter 3 pt, and in the Height box, enter 3 pt. Under Surface, click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral click Soft (first row, third option from the left). To reproduce the rest of the shapes (other small rectangles on the book spine) in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: Select the third, smaller rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process for a total of four thin, rounded rectangles. To position the four thin, rounded rectangles on the book spine, do the following: Drag the first rectangle 1.75” above the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the second rectangle 0.75” above the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the third rectangle 0.75” below the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the fourth rectangle 1.75” below the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Select All. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane. On the Selection and Visibility pane, double-click the group to edit the name, and then enter Book cover. To reproduce the first shape in the Inside-left pages group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rounded Rectangle (second option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rounded rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.5”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.33”. On the rounded rectangle, drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle to the left to decrease the amount of rounding on the corners. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 50% (sixth row, sixth option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red Accent 2, Darker 25% (fifth row, sixth option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane, select No line. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the right edge is against the vertical guideline. On the Home, tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the second shape in the Inside-left pages group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.33”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.15”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until five stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 5%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the third stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 18%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left). Select the fourth stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 38%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the fifth stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 93%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Color,s click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane, select No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click Offset Right (second row, first option from the left), and then do the following: In the Transparency box, enter 60%. In the Size box, enter 100%. In the Blur box, enter 4 pt. In the Angle box, enter 0°. In the Distance box, enter 3 pt. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the right edge touches the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. Press and hold CTRL, and then in the Selection and Visibility task pane, select the rectangle and the rounded rectangle to the left of the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-left pages. To reproduce the first shape in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: In the Selection and Visibility task pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Rotate, and then click More Rotation Options. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, under Size and rotation, in the Rotation box, enter 180°. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-right pages. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home, tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the text effects in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box, and then on the slide, drag to draw a text box. Enter text in the text box, and then select the text. (Note: To reproduce the example above, enter Introduction.) On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following: In the Font list, select Vivaldi. In the Font Size list, select 18. On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Center to center the text in the text box. On the slide, drag the text box until the left edge of the text is 1” to the right of the vertical drawing guide and the bottom edge of the text is 0.5” above the horizontal drawing guide. To reproduce the page edges in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Lines click Line (first option from the left). On the slide, press and hold SHIFT, and then drag to draw a straight, vertical line. Select the line. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Shape Width box, enter 4.32”. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Outline, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 15% (third row, first option from the left). On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process for a total of six lines. On the slide, drag the six lines until they are bunched together in a dense group, no wider than 0.5”. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select all six straight connectors (lines). On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Point to Align, and then click Align Selected Objects. Point to Align, and then click Distribute Horizontally. Point to Align, and then click Align Middle. Click Group. On the slide, drag the group of lines until the right edge of the group of lines is touching the right edge of the white rectangle to the right of the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select the group of lines, the text box, and the Inside-right pages group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow under Arrange, and then click Group. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-right pages with text. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following: In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Book cover group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring to Front. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring Forward. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Book cover group. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, point to Exit, and then click More Exit Effects. In the Add Exit Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Wipe. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 1.00 second. Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, lick Add Animation, point to Entrance, and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Wipe. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select After Previous. In the Duration box, select 1.00 seconds. Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 63%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color list, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).
- Animated open book effect (Difficult) Tip: You will need to use drawing guides and the ruler to position the objects on this slide. To display the drawing guides and the ruler, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. Right-click the slide background area, and then click Grid and Guides. In the Grid and Guides dialog box, under Guide settings, select Display drawing guides on screen. (Note: One horizontal and one vertical guide will display on the slide at 0.00, the default position. The spine of the book will be aligned to the vertical drawing guide.) On the View tab, in the Show/Hide group, select Ruler. To reproduce the first shape in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rounded Rectangle (second option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rounded rectangle. Select the rounded rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.5”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.33”. On the rounded rectangle, drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle to the left to decrease the amount of rounding on the corners. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Right (first row, fourth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 0°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 50% (sixth row, sixth option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 25% (fifth row, sixth option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane. In the Line Color pane, select No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then in the 3-D Format pane, do the following: Under Bevel, click the button next to Top, and then under Bevel click Circle (first row, first option from the left). Next to Top, in the Width box, enter 4 pt, and in the Height box, enter 4 pt. Under Surface, click the button next to Material, and then under Standard click Warm Matte (second option from the left). Also under Surface, click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral, click Three Point (first row, first option from the left). On the slide, drag the rounded rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the second shape in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. On the slide, drag the duplicate rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Shape Width box, enter 0.73”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 50%. Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 100%. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane. In the 3-D Format pane, under Bevel, click the button next to Top, and then under No Bevel, click None. To reproduce the third shape (first small rectangle on the book spine) in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: Select the first, larger rectangle on the slide. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the third, duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 0.08”. In the Shape Width box, enter 0.73”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Diagonal (first row, third option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 135°. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then in the 3-D Format pane, do the following: Under Bevel, next to Top, in the Width box, enter 3 pt, and in the Height box, enter 3 pt. Under Surface, click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral click Soft (first row, third option from the left). To reproduce the rest of the shapes (other small rectangles on the book spine) in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: Select the third, smaller rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process for a total of four thin, rounded rectangles. To position the four thin, rounded rectangles on the book spine, do the following: Drag the first rectangle 1.75” above the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the second rectangle 0.75” above the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the third rectangle 0.75” below the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the fourth rectangle 1.75” below the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Select All. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane. On the Selection and Visibility pane, double-click the group to edit the name, and then enter Book cover. To reproduce the first shape in the Inside-left pages group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rounded Rectangle (second option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rounded rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.5”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.33”. On the rounded rectangle, drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle to the left to decrease the amount of rounding on the corners. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 50% (sixth row, sixth option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red Accent 2, Darker 25% (fifth row, sixth option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane, select No line. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the right edge is against the vertical guideline. On the Home, tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the second shape in the Inside-left pages group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.33”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.15”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until five stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 5%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the third stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 18%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left). Select the fourth stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 38%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the fifth stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 93%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Color,s click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane, select No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click Offset Right (second row, first option from the left), and then do the following: In the Transparency box, enter 60%. In the Size box, enter 100%. In the Blur box, enter 4 pt. In the Angle box, enter 0°. In the Distance box, enter 3 pt. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the right edge touches the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. Press and hold CTRL, and then in the Selection and Visibility task pane, select the rectangle and the rounded rectangle to the left of the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-left pages. To reproduce the first shape in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: In the Selection and Visibility task pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Rotate, and then click More Rotation Options. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, under Size and rotation, in the Rotation box, enter 180°. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-right pages. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home, tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the text effects in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box, and then on the slide, drag to draw a text box. Enter text in the text box, and then select the text. (Note: To reproduce the example above, enter Introduction.) On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following: In the Font list, select Vivaldi. In the Font Size list, select 18. On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Center to center the text in the text box. On the slide, drag the text box until the left edge of the text is 1” to the right of the vertical drawing guide and the bottom edge of the text is 0.5” above the horizontal drawing guide. To reproduce the page edges in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Lines click Line (first option from the left). On the slide, press and hold SHIFT, and then drag to draw a straight, vertical line. Select the line. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Shape Width box, enter 4.32”. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Outline, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 15% (third row, first option from the left). On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process for a total of six lines. On the slide, drag the six lines until they are bunched together in a dense group, no wider than 0.5”. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select all six straight connectors (lines). On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Point to Align, and then click Align Selected Objects. Point to Align, and then click Distribute Horizontally. Point to Align, and then click Align Middle. Click Group. On the slide, drag the group of lines until the right edge of the group of lines is touching the right edge of the white rectangle to the right of the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select the group of lines, the text box, and the Inside-right pages group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow under Arrange, and then click Group. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-right pages with text. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following: In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Book cover group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring to Front. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring Forward. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Book cover group. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, point to Exit, and then click More Exit Effects. In the Add Exit Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Wipe. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 1.00 second. Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, lick Add Animation, point to Entrance, and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Wipe. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select After Previous. In the Duration box, select 1.00 seconds. Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 63%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color list, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).
- Animated open book effect (Difficult) Tip: You will need to use drawing guides and the ruler to position the objects on this slide. To display the drawing guides and the ruler, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. Right-click the slide background area, and then click Grid and Guides. In the Grid and Guides dialog box, under Guide settings, select Display drawing guides on screen. (Note: One horizontal and one vertical guide will display on the slide at 0.00, the default position. The spine of the book will be aligned to the vertical drawing guide.) On the View tab, in the Show/Hide group, select Ruler. To reproduce the first shape in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rounded Rectangle (second option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rounded rectangle. Select the rounded rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.5”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.33”. On the rounded rectangle, drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle to the left to decrease the amount of rounding on the corners. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Right (first row, fourth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 0°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 50% (sixth row, sixth option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 25% (fifth row, sixth option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane. In the Line Color pane, select No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then in the 3-D Format pane, do the following: Under Bevel, click the button next to Top, and then under Bevel click Circle (first row, first option from the left). Next to Top, in the Width box, enter 4 pt, and in the Height box, enter 4 pt. Under Surface, click the button next to Material, and then under Standard click Warm Matte (second option from the left). Also under Surface, click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral, click Three Point (first row, first option from the left). On the slide, drag the rounded rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the second shape in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. On the slide, drag the duplicate rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Shape Width box, enter 0.73”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 50%. Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 100%. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane. In the 3-D Format pane, under Bevel, click the button next to Top, and then under No Bevel, click None. To reproduce the third shape (first small rectangle on the book spine) in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: Select the first, larger rectangle on the slide. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the third, duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 0.08”. In the Shape Width box, enter 0.73”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Diagonal (first row, third option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 135°. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then in the 3-D Format pane, do the following: Under Bevel, next to Top, in the Width box, enter 3 pt, and in the Height box, enter 3 pt. Under Surface, click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral click Soft (first row, third option from the left). To reproduce the rest of the shapes (other small rectangles on the book spine) in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: Select the third, smaller rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process for a total of four thin, rounded rectangles. To position the four thin, rounded rectangles on the book spine, do the following: Drag the first rectangle 1.75” above the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the second rectangle 0.75” above the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the third rectangle 0.75” below the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the fourth rectangle 1.75” below the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Select All. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane. On the Selection and Visibility pane, double-click the group to edit the name, and then enter Book cover. To reproduce the first shape in the Inside-left pages group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rounded Rectangle (second option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rounded rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.5”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.33”. On the rounded rectangle, drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle to the left to decrease the amount of rounding on the corners. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 50% (sixth row, sixth option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red Accent 2, Darker 25% (fifth row, sixth option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane, select No line. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the right edge is against the vertical guideline. On the Home, tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the second shape in the Inside-left pages group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.33”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.15”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until five stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 5%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the third stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 18%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left). Select the fourth stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 38%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the fifth stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 93%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Color,s click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane, select No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click Offset Right (second row, first option from the left), and then do the following: In the Transparency box, enter 60%. In the Size box, enter 100%. In the Blur box, enter 4 pt. In the Angle box, enter 0°. In the Distance box, enter 3 pt. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the right edge touches the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. Press and hold CTRL, and then in the Selection and Visibility task pane, select the rectangle and the rounded rectangle to the left of the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-left pages. To reproduce the first shape in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: In the Selection and Visibility task pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Rotate, and then click More Rotation Options. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, under Size and rotation, in the Rotation box, enter 180°. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-right pages. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home, tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the text effects in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box, and then on the slide, drag to draw a text box. Enter text in the text box, and then select the text. (Note: To reproduce the example above, enter Introduction.) On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following: In the Font list, select Vivaldi. In the Font Size list, select 18. On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Center to center the text in the text box. On the slide, drag the text box until the left edge of the text is 1” to the right of the vertical drawing guide and the bottom edge of the text is 0.5” above the horizontal drawing guide. To reproduce the page edges in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Lines click Line (first option from the left). On the slide, press and hold SHIFT, and then drag to draw a straight, vertical line. Select the line. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Shape Width box, enter 4.32”. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Outline, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 15% (third row, first option from the left). On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process for a total of six lines. On the slide, drag the six lines until they are bunched together in a dense group, no wider than 0.5”. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select all six straight connectors (lines). On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Point to Align, and then click Align Selected Objects. Point to Align, and then click Distribute Horizontally. Point to Align, and then click Align Middle. Click Group. On the slide, drag the group of lines until the right edge of the group of lines is touching the right edge of the white rectangle to the right of the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select the group of lines, the text box, and the Inside-right pages group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow under Arrange, and then click Group. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-right pages with text. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following: In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Book cover group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring to Front. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring Forward. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Book cover group. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, point to Exit, and then click More Exit Effects. In the Add Exit Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Wipe. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 1.00 second. Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, lick Add Animation, point to Entrance, and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Wipe. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select After Previous. In the Duration box, select 1.00 seconds. Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 63%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color list, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).
- Animated open book effect (Difficult) Tip: You will need to use drawing guides and the ruler to position the objects on this slide. To display the drawing guides and the ruler, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. Right-click the slide background area, and then click Grid and Guides. In the Grid and Guides dialog box, under Guide settings, select Display drawing guides on screen. (Note: One horizontal and one vertical guide will display on the slide at 0.00, the default position. The spine of the book will be aligned to the vertical drawing guide.) On the View tab, in the Show/Hide group, select Ruler. To reproduce the first shape in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rounded Rectangle (second option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rounded rectangle. Select the rounded rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.5”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.33”. On the rounded rectangle, drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle to the left to decrease the amount of rounding on the corners. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Right (first row, fourth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 0°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 50% (sixth row, sixth option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 25% (fifth row, sixth option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane. In the Line Color pane, select No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then in the 3-D Format pane, do the following: Under Bevel, click the button next to Top, and then under Bevel click Circle (first row, first option from the left). Next to Top, in the Width box, enter 4 pt, and in the Height box, enter 4 pt. Under Surface, click the button next to Material, and then under Standard click Warm Matte (second option from the left). Also under Surface, click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral, click Three Point (first row, first option from the left). On the slide, drag the rounded rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the second shape in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate. On the slide, drag the duplicate rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Shape Width box, enter 0.73”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 50%. Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). In the Transparency box, enter 100%. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane. In the 3-D Format pane, under Bevel, click the button next to Top, and then under No Bevel, click None. To reproduce the third shape (first small rectangle on the book spine) in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: Select the first, larger rectangle on the slide. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Select the third, duplicate rectangle. Under Drawing tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 0.08”. In the Shape Width box, enter 0.73”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Diagonal (first row, third option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 135°. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click 3-D Format in the left pane, and then in the 3-D Format pane, do the following: Under Bevel, next to Top, in the Width box, enter 3 pt, and in the Height box, enter 3 pt. Under Surface, click the button next to Lighting, and then under Neutral click Soft (first row, third option from the left). To reproduce the rest of the shapes (other small rectangles on the book spine) in the Book cover group on this slide, do the following: Select the third, smaller rectangle. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process for a total of four thin, rounded rectangles. To position the four thin, rounded rectangles on the book spine, do the following: Drag the first rectangle 1.75” above the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the second rectangle 0.75” above the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the third rectangle 0.75” below the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. Drag the fourth rectangle 1.75” below the horizontal drawing guide, with the left edge touching the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Select All. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click Selection Pane. On the Selection and Visibility pane, double-click the group to edit the name, and then enter Book cover. To reproduce the first shape in the Inside-left pages group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rounded Rectangle (second option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rounded rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.5”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.33”. On the rounded rectangle, drag the yellow diamond adjustment handle to the left to decrease the amount of rounding on the corners. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red, Accent 2, Darker 50% (sixth row, sixth option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Red Accent 2, Darker 25% (fifth row, sixth option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane, select No line. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the right edge is against the vertical guideline. On the Home, tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the second shape in the Inside-left pages group on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Rectangles click Rectangle (first option from the left). On the slide, drag to draw a rectangle. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, do the following: In the Shape Height box, enter 4.33”. In the Shape Width box, enter 3.15”. On the Home tab, in the bottom right corner of the Drawing group, click the Format Shape dialog box launcher. In the Format Shape dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Left (first row, fifth option from the left). In the Angle box, enter 180°. Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until five stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 0%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 5%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the third stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 18%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 5% (second row, first option from the left). Select the fourth stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 38%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Select the fifth stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 93%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Color,s click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Line Color in the left pane, and then in the Line Color pane, select No line. Also in the Format Shape dialog box, click Shadow in the left pane. In the Shadow pane, click the button next to Presets, under Outer click Offset Right (second row, first option from the left), and then do the following: In the Transparency box, enter 60%. In the Size box, enter 100%. In the Blur box, enter 4 pt. In the Angle box, enter 0°. In the Distance box, enter 3 pt. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the right edge touches the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. Press and hold CTRL, and then in the Selection and Visibility task pane, select the rectangle and the rounded rectangle to the left of the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Group. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-left pages. To reproduce the first shape in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: In the Selection and Visibility task pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Rotate, and then click More Rotation Options. In the Size and Position dialog box, on the Size tab, under Size and rotation, in the Rotation box, enter 180°. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-right pages. On the slide, drag the rectangle until the left edge is against the vertical drawing guide. On the Home, tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. To reproduce the text effects in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box, and then on the slide, drag to draw a text box. Enter text in the text box, and then select the text. (Note: To reproduce the example above, enter Introduction.) On the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following: In the Font list, select Vivaldi. In the Font Size list, select 18. On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Center to center the text in the text box. On the slide, drag the text box until the left edge of the text is 1” to the right of the vertical drawing guide and the bottom edge of the text is 0.5” above the horizontal drawing guide. To reproduce the page edges in the Inside-right pages with text group, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Shapes, and then under Lines click Line (first option from the left). On the slide, press and hold SHIFT, and then drag to draw a straight, vertical line. Select the line. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Size group, in the Shape Width box, enter 4.32”. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the Shape Styles group, click the arrow next to Shape Outline, and then under Theme Colors, click White, Background 1, Darker 15% (third row, first option from the left). On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow to the right of Copy, and then click Duplicate. Repeat this process for a total of six lines. On the slide, drag the six lines until they are bunched together in a dense group, no wider than 0.5”. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select all six straight connectors (lines). On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Point to Align, and then click Align Selected Objects. Point to Align, and then click Distribute Horizontally. Point to Align, and then click Align Middle. Click Group. On the slide, drag the group of lines until the right edge of the group of lines is touching the right edge of the white rectangle to the right of the vertical drawing guide. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following: Click Align to Slide. Click Align Middle. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select the group of lines, the text box, and the Inside-right pages group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click the arrow under Arrange, and then click Group. In the Selection and Visibility task pane, double-click the new group to edit the name, and then enter Inside-right pages with text. To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following: In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Book cover group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring to Front. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click Bring Forward. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Book cover group. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, click Add Animation, point to Exit, and then click More Exit Effects. In the Add Exit Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Wipe. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select With Previous. In the Duration box, enter 1.00 second. Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the Inside-left pages group. On the Animations tab, in the Advanced Animation group, lick Add Animation, point to Entrance, and then click More Entrance Effects. In the Add Entrance Effect dialog box, under Basic, click Wipe. On the Animations tab, in the Timing group, do the following: In the Start list, select After Previous. In the Duration box, select 1.00 seconds. Also on the Animations tab, in the Animation group, click Effect Options, and then click From Right. To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following: Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following: In the Type list, select Linear. Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add gradient stops or Remove gradient stops until two stops appear in the slider. Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows: Select the first stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 63%. Click the button next to Color, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left). Select the second stop in the slider, and then do the following: In the Position box, enter 100%. Click the button next to Color list, and then under Theme Colors, click Black, Text 1, Lighter 50% (second row, second option from the left).