If you want to choose your career as DBA, check this out!..

1. Business Unit or Product Name
DBA’s World
Past, Present and Future...
Cüneyt Göksu,
IBM Information Champion,
IBM DB2 Gold Consultant
Cuneyt.Goksu@Gmail.com

2. 2
Who am I ?
 BS, Computer Science, YTU, Istanbul, Turkey, 1990
 MBA, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey, 1992
 MS in CS, IIT, Chicago, USA, 1994
 20+ years in “Information Management” Technologies
 1996, IDUG (International DB2 Users Group)
 2004, TDUG (Turkish DB2 Users Group)
 2008, 2009 IBM Data Champion
 2009, IBM Gold Consultant

3. 3
Today’s reality: Complexity
E01-EDI
Data Warehouse
(Interfaces to and from the
Data Warehouse are not
displayed on this diagram)
G02 - General
Ledger
A05 - AP
S01 - Sales
Corrections
I01 PO
Receiving
I03 Return to
Vendor
I06 Warehouse
Management
Mainframe
PC/NT apps
UNIX apps
3rd party interface
S06 - Credit App
P15 EES Employee
Change Notice
OTHER APPS - PC
AP - Collections/Credit
TM - Credit Card DB
ACCTS REC APPS - PC
990COR
Bad Debt
Beneficial Fees
Beneficial Reconcile
JEAXF
JEBFA
JEBKA
JEDVA
JESOA
JEVSA
JEVSF
NSF
TeleCredit Fees
INVENTORY CONTROL APPS - PC
Code Alarm
Debit Receivings
Devo Sales
Display Inventory
In Home
Junkouts
Merchandise Withdrawal
Promo Credits
RTV Accrual
Shrink
AP Research - Inv Cntrl
AP Research-Addl Rpts
Book to Perpetual Inventory
Close Out Reporting
Computer Intelligence Data
Count Corrections
Cross Ref for VCB Dnlds
Damage WriteOff
Debit Receivings
DFI Vendor Database
Display Inventory Reconcile
Display Inventory Reporting
INVENTORY CONTROL APPS - PC
DPI/CPI
IC Batching
Inventory Adj/Count Correct
Inventory Control Reports
Inventory Levels
Inventory Roll
Merchandise Withdrawal
Open Receivings
PI Count Results
PI Time Results from Inv
Price Protection
Sales Flash Reporting
Shrink Reporting
SKU Gross Margin
SKU Shrink Level Detail
USM
VCB Downloads
Journal Entry Tool Kit
Scorecard - HR
L02-Resource
Scheduling
(Campbell)
P09 - P17
Cyborg
M02 - Millennium
M03 - Millennium 3.0
Banks - ACH and Pos to
Pay
Cobra
B01 - Stock
Status
S03-Polling
P14 On-line New
Hire Entry
CTS
Plan Administrators
(401K, PCS, Life,
Unicare, Solomon
Smith Barney)
D01 Post Load
Billing
I04 Home
Deliveries
I02 -
Transfers
Arthur Planning
I07 Purchase
Order
I12 Entertainment
Software
I05
Inventory Info
E13
E3 Interface
S04 - Sales Posting
V01-Price Management
System
I10 Cycle Physical
Inventory
I55 SKU
Information
K02
Customer Repair
Tracking
I35 Early Warning
System
B02 Merchandise
Analysis
I13- Auto
Replenishment
U18 - CTO
Intercept
I09 Cycle Counts
E02-Employee
Purchase
Texlon 3.5
ACH
Stock Options
I17 Customer Perceived
In-Stock
U16-Texlon
SiteSeer
C02 - Capital
Projects
F06 - Fixed
Assets
US Bank Recon
File
Star Repair
EDI
Coordinator
Mesa Data
NEW Soundscan
NPD Group
AIG WarrantyGuard
Resumix
Optika
Store Budget
Reporting
P16 - Tally Sheet
Cash Receipts/Credit
S05 - House
Charges
Ad Expense
L01-Promo
Analysis
V02-Price
Marketing
Support
BMP - Bus
performance Mngt
Store
Scorecard
I11 Price
Testing
Valley Media
P09
Bonus/HR
I15 Hand Scan
Apps
Roadshow
POS
S08 - Vertex
Sales
Tax
A04 - Cust
Refund Chks
Equifax
ICMS Credit
Cellular
Rollover
S09 - Digital
Satellite
System
NPD,
SoundScan
Sterling VAN
Mailbox (Value)
I18
SKU Rep
X92-X96
Host to AS400
Communication
S02 -
Layaways
Washington,
RGIS,
Ntl Bus Systems
V04-Sign
System
I14 Count CorrectionsNARM
P01-
Employee
Masterfile
I06 - Customer
Order
Frick
Co
UAR - Universal Account
Reconciliation
Depository
Banks
S07 - Cell
Phones
S11 - ISP
Tracking
AAS
Fringe PO
Cash Over/
Short
L60 MDF
Coop
SKU Selection
Tool
SKU
Performance
Supplier
Compliance
1
I35 - CEI
ASIS
Misc Accounting/Finance Apps - PC/NT
COBA (Corp office Budget Assistant)
PCBS(Profit Center Budget System)
Merchandising Budget
AIMS
Merch Mngr Approval
Batch Forcasting
Ad Measurement
AIMS Admin
AIMS
ReportingAd
Launcher
V03- Mkt
Reactions
Spec
Source
CTO2.Bestbuy.
com
Rebate
Transfer
Sign
System
CopyWriter's
Workspace
ELT
PowerSuite
Store
Monitor
AIS Calendar
Stores & Mrkts
Due Dates
Smart Plus
Insertions
Orders
Budget
Analysis Tool
Print Costing
Invoice App
AIS Reports
Broadcast
Filter
Smart Plus
Launcher
General
Maintenance
Printer PO
Printer
Maintenance
Vendor
Maintenance
Vendor Setup
Connect 3
Connect 3
Reports
Connect 3
PDF Transfe
Spec Source
SKU Tracking
S20-Sales
Polling
Prodigy
PSP
In-Home
Repair
Warranty
Billing
System
Process Servers
(Imaging)
Prepared by Michelle Mills
An example of a real architecture in an industry

4. 4
The data landscape is complex…
Highly distributed
Multiple applications, databases and platforms
• ERP, CRM, Supply Chain, DW, MDM
• DB2, Informix, Oracle, SQL Server, TeraData…
• NoSQL Databases
• Unix/Linux, z-Series, Windows
Complex, poorly understood data relationships
• Corporate memory is poor (outsourcing, turnover)
• Documentation is poor or nonexistent

6. 6
Time
GrowthofComputingPower
Dumb Index in 2012?
New
Information
All Digital
Data
Sensemaking
Algorithms
Growing
Amnesia
Index?

7. 7
Prospect
Database
Employee
Database
Human
Resources
Department
Investigations
Database
You are unaware the newly hired employee had
previously been arrested for stealing from you!
Marketing
Department
Enterprise Amnesia
Corporate
Security
Department

8. 8
Prospect
Database
Employee
Database
Human
Resources
Department
Corporate
Security
Department
Fraud
Database
Your marketing department is mailing offers to
a person currently in jail for stealing from you!
Marketing
Department
Enterprise Amnesia

9. 9
DBA ???
Who is DBA ?

10. 10
DataBase Administrator
Who is DBA ?
* Prevent developers and users from corrupting the
company's data.

11. 11
Database Architect
Who is DBA ?

12. 12
DataBase Android*
* An android is a robot designed to look and act
human.
Who is DBA ?

13. 13

14. 14

15. 15
DataBase Android*Where is DBA in the hierarchy?
DBA
DBA

16. 16
Edgar F. Codd and 12 Rules

17. 17
Edgar F. Codd and 12 Rules
System R, 1970, IBM

18. 18
Edgar F. Codd and 12 Rules
System R, 1970, IBM
SQL 

19. 19
Edgar F. Codd and 12 Rules
System R, 1970, IBM
SQL 
XQuery 

20. 20
Edgar F. Codd and 12 Rules
System R, 1970, IBM
SQL 
XQuery 
BIG SQL

21. 21
Platform, CPU, Memory, Storage...
September 1956
IBM 305 RAMAC
First computer with a
hard drive.
The 5MB hard drive
weighed one ton,
Multi-Million USD

22. 22
Platform, CPU, Memory, Storage...
AMD
Intel
Pentium
PC
Middleware
Mainframe
IFL
zIIP
zAAP
RISC
Windows
Minix, Unix, Linux
VMS
MVS
Central ?
Distributed ?
N-tier

23. 23
Internationalization...
EBCDIC  1950s, 1960s... Mostly Mainframe
ASCII  1960s... PCs
and Workstations
Unicode  1987
? ? ?

24. 24
Data Modeling
Very Simple Start May reach to this mess!

25. 25
Data Modeling
Starts from here May reach here...
?
?
?
IBM – Rational Data Architect
CA - Erwin
Oracle Designer
Sybase – Power designer
Microsoft - Visio
Quest – Toad Data Modeller

26. 26
Performance
Pareoto Rule
80 : 20
“fixing the top 20% of the most reported bugs,
80% of the users would not encounter any bugs”
@Microsoft CEO
20% of Database applications cause 80%
of your problems

27. 27
Performance
System Application
Hardware, CPU, Storage,
Network, Operating
System, DBMS, I/O
Algorithm, Technology,
Data Model, SQL Design
DBMS SQL

28. 28
Performance
DBMS SQL
DASD
Parameter List
Memory Budget
More Cache, Less I/O
Optimizer (Rule? Cost?)
Index Design
Sort
ANSI SQL ?
DBMS SQL ?
UDF, SP, Trigger

29. 29
End – to – End Transaction Breakdown
Application : Code, App Server such as JVM,
External Sources (Flat File..)
Network: Switch, Router, LAN, WAN, etc...
Database Server: OS, Subsystem, SQL, DASD,
Tablespace, etc...

30. 30
Data Structure
DDL
DCL
DML
TCL

31. 31
Backup & Recovery
#1 Task of the DBA
Who is going to be affected in case of failure?
1 – Enterprise
2 – Customers, Users, Country and even all Planet!
3 – More Importantly, you, loved ones and family!
Data

32. 32
DBA’s Problem Solving Lifecycle
Collect
Performance
Data
Analyze
Make sure
changes are
done
Define the Problem
Performance
Reporting
Manual or Tooling
DBMS, SQL, OS, Network, Application vb...
DBA, Non-DBA

33. 33
Disaster Recovery
Local
Data
Remote
Data
To Sync or Not to Sync !

34. 34
Security
Data
DCL – Grant / Revoke
Information Security Strategy
Production Data  Test Data
Encryption

35. 35
Security – How the data is being attacked?Complexity
Probability
DBA & Sysadm & Administrator
App. Developer, valid user for data
Network, LAN Sniffer
SQL Users, App. Users (SQL Injection)
Lost Backups during transit

36. 36

37. 37
DB Tools
• Monitors
• Data Dictionary
• Advisers (Index, Tuning, SQL etc...)
• Data Analysis
•Backup & Recovery Automation
•Database Maintenance
A fool with a Tool is still a Fool @ Marco

38. 38
Trouble Shooting

39. 39
Which DBMS ?, Which DBA ?
• DB2, IMS, Informix
• Oracle
• SQL Server
• Adabas, Ingres, MySQL, Postgre SQL etc...
Specialist?
Generalist? Criteria
• Price
• Support
• Documentation
• Performance
• Tools and Utilities

40. 40
Which Datatype ?
• Char / Numeric
• Char, Varchar / Smallint, Integer, Decimal
• Real, Float
• LOB (BLOB, CLOB)
• XML
• Graphic
• Date, Time
• Row ID
• Distinct Type Freedom 

41. 41
Data Replication
DB2
for
z/OS
Core
Bank
ATM Visa
DB2
for
LUW
CRM
Oracle
BI
SQL
Server
HR

42. 42
Vendors, 3rd Party, User Groups and Others...
DBMS
Provider
Vendors
User
Groups
IDUG
OUG
Internet
ITtoolbox
DeveloperWorks Metalink

43. 43
In memory DB
Keep Data in Memory
Extreme Availability
Low Cost

44. 44
Summary
Modelling, Object
Management, Etc...
xSkills (OS, Network,
Application)
Security & Standards
App. Dev. Interfaces
Data Integration
Past Today

45. 45
10 – 15 years ago
• %100 Technical, %100 Specialist
• Poor Management Communication
• Programmer DBA
• 1 system, 1 DB, maybe 2!
• More time for R&D
• DBA ~ Sysprog

46. 46
Today
• Technical + Social + Politic!
• e-DBA, Distributed DBA
• x System, y DB, z DBMS
• Less time for different specialities
• Communication Skills
• Certification
• Internal Consultant
• Prod DBA, Test DBA, Q&A DBA,
Packaged DBA, Offshore DBA vb...
globalization
Internet

47. 47
Industry Trends
• Performance Management Tools
• Self-Healing, Self-Tuning Systems, Autonomous
• Outsourcing
• Smart Analytics
• Appliance (Netezza...)

48. 48
Rules of the Road for DBAs –
• Write down everything
• Keep Everything
• Automate; Let the machine Dirty Work
• Share your knowledge
• Focus your efforts

49. 49
Rules of the Road for DBAs
• Measure twice, cut once!
• Understand the business
• Don’t be a hermit
• Keep current
• Don’t Panic!
• Be Strategic!

50. 50
$$$ / €€€ / £££

51. 51
Acknowledgements
Jeff Jonas,Distinguished Engineer, IBM Entity Analytics
Seda İşi, IT Specialist, IBM
Maja Markotic, DB2 DBA, Zagrebacka Banka, Croatia
Serpil Yıldız, Tubitak
Florence Dubois, EMEA SWAT Team - DB2 for z/OS, IBM
Craig S. Mullins, Data Management Strategist with NEON

52. 52
Thank you 
DBA’s World
Past, Present and Future...
Cüneyt Göksu, DB2 SME
IBM Information Champion,
IBM DB2 Gold Consultant
Cuneyt.Goksu@Gmail.com