Here are my handouts for my lecture

1. 11/4/2011
Disclosure Statement:
Nothing to disclose”
Please silence all mobile devices.
Unauthorized recording of this
session is prohibited.
Dominick M. Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A
FAAO, FCOVD-
AOA National Spokesperson on 3 D Vision Syndrome
Lecture Rules:
AOA Classroom 3D Project Team Member
Professor, 1.) Yes, you may ask questions.
Pediatrics/Binocular Vision Service
2.) But only if I know the answer!
Illinois College of Optometry
Illinois E I tit t
Illi i Eye Institute
3.) My answer is always right!
) y y g
3241 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Il. 60616
312-949-
312-949-7280 (Voice) 312-949-7358 (fax)
312-949-
4.) An updated version of this
presentation can be found at
dmaino@ico.edu www.slideshare.net/DMAINO/
MainosMemos.blogspot.com
www.ico.edu nw.optometry.net
1

2. 11/4/2011
Photo credit: http://science.howstuffworks.com/3-d-glasses2.htm
Virtual 3 D: Why Now?
3 D Tipping Point
A 3D TV Tipping Point?
http://www.cnbc.com/id/41591929/A_3D_TV_Tipping_Point
htt // /id/41591929/A 3D TV Ti i P i t
Stereoscopic 3D Technologies Reach Tipping Point on PC Market – JPR.
http://www.xbitlabs.com/news/video/display/20100526234951_Stereoscopic_3D_Technologies
_Reach_Tipping_Point_on_PC_Market_JPR.html
10/114
ESPN: 3D Is at the Tipping Point
3D Printing Technology Nearing Tipping Point
Will you one day print yourself a new bowl or even a new house using 3D printing
+
technology? 3D printers are nearing a tipping point according to one expert cited
in a TechWeb article.
Sharp’s New Cell phone Video May Be a Tipping Point for 3D
http://www.bnet.com/blog/gadget-guy/sharp-8217s-new-cellphone-video-may-
htt // b t /bl / d t / h 8217 ll h id
be-a-tipping-point-for-3d/315
3-D reaches a tipping point in Europe
http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118004886
Dr. Karl Kapp: "the tipping point for 3D will be in the healthcare industry“
3D Medical Education
http://medical-animation-studio.com/
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3. 11/4/2011
Many activities including: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9
U4AoDWPEQ0 The Public Health Implications of
Symposia, 3D Users Experience Tech Summit, The 3Ds of
3D Viewing, AOA YouTube Videos
Virtual 3D
3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well Michael Duenas, OD
The Visual System and Virtual 3D
Jim Sheedy, O.D., Ph.D.
3D: The User Experience Story
Philip J. Corriveau
Exploring a New Dimension
Chris Haws
Do You Know if the Kids are OK?
Maureen Powers, PhD
Improving Binocular Vision-
Creating a Better 3D Audience
3D Vision Syndrome
Dominick M. Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, The Public Health Implications of
FCOVD-A Virtual 3D - Michael Duenas
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=howdZm-d7Z0)
Public Health Model
3D Movies Have a New Dimension: Protecting Eye Health
1850 Snellen Eye Chart
Snellen eye chart has a 27% sensitivity (OMG!!)
High rate of FALSE Negatives.
Children that are referred because they fail the eye chart ….
Have a distance VA problem
p
Pediatrician screening? School nurse screening?
Only 3 states have mandatory vision screening.
Only a small percentage of children ever get the care they need
25% of school children have one or more vision problems
Undiagnosed untreated vision disorders are very prevalent
Cost of untreated vision problems staggering
All BV are treatable and preventable:
Great Public Health Model
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4. 11/4/2011
The Visual System and Virtual 3D - Jim Sheedy, O.D., Ph.D. 3D: The User Experience Story - Philip J. Corriveau
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLpwCC5yxlo&feature=related)
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1IiHNit3RPM&feature=related)
Exploring a New Dimension- Chris Haws Brock String Debuts at the Consumer Electronics Show
Kids@Play Summit at CES 2011
Dominick M. Maino, OD, MEd, FAAO, FCOVD-A
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qZw98mkIhI&feature=related )
(http://mainosmemos.blogspot.com/2011/04/dr-dominick-maino-at-consumer.html)
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Binocular Vision
Available from:
AOA
3D@Home
Dysfunction as a
3deyehealth.org Medical &
MainosMemos Public Health Issue
4

5. 11/4/2011
For the 3D Movie, Television, Video-
gaming and 3D in the Classroom
Improving Binocular Vision - Creating a Better Audience
Techno-Industrial Complex….not
having binocular vision is the 800lbs
Cyclops in the room!
Maybe Mike, from "Monsters, Inc.,"
looks so sad because he realizes 3-
D doesn't do you any good if you
don't have binocular vision.)....
Improving 3D Television Technology Improving 3D Movie
but Not Creating Technology but
a Better 3D Viewing Audience Not Creating a Better 3D
Viewing Audience
1920’s Image Credit : Baird Television Today 1953 Image Credit: Mystic Cinema Today Image Credit: Joystiq
Improving Classroom Technology but
Improving 3D Gaming
Have Not Created
Technology but
a Better 3D Viewing Student
Not Creating a Better
Gamer
Image Credit: Daily Motion 3D
Image Credit: Nintendo 30/128
Image Credit: American Optometric Association
Image Credit: mkrstovic.edublogs.org
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6. 11/4/2011
History of 3D 3 D Stereo Scopes
1844
Scottish inventor
and writer David
Brewster
introduced the
Stereoscope
1862
USA jurist, author,
j , ,
inventor Oliver
Wendell Holmes
makes it possible
for all to enjoy 3D!
3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well
3D Timeline
30/114
Some of the first 3D Movies included:
Bwana Devil (1952 ) starring Robert Stack
http://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=4oGl_KqTw-M&NR=1
House of Wax (1953) starring Vincent Price
13 Ghosts (1960)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zdwq3jdvZD
I
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7. 11/4/2011
The Mask (1961)
3D Television
Stereoscopic television was first demonstrated by
John Logie Baird in 1928
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGTApr_SAts Stereo TV
Stereo Receiver
3D Television
3D Education
Stereoscopic television was first demonstrated by John
Logie Baird in 1928 VRMagic Digital BIO
40/128
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5ZSXPMlumc
3D Education 3D Education
VRMagic Digital BIO http://www.3dmedicaleducation.co.uk/index.php/anatomy/lumbar_
vertebrae/
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8. 11/4/2011
3D Video-games 3D Tech - NASA Uses Video Games for
Visualization & Engineering
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-mFx6blZK8
NASA Video Game Brain Training for ADHD
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S26Kk-
ueWjQ&feature=related
Mario Brothers
3D
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=0U0ZDjnQiXQ
3D in the Classroom: See Well, Learn Well
Passive Passive
3D glasses technology 3D glasses technology
Linearly polarized glasses
Two images are projected superimposed onto the same Circularly polarized glasses
Use a silver screen so that polarization is preserved.
Light that is left-circularly polarized
Can’t tilt head is extinguished by the right-handed
analyzer, while right-circularly
polarized light is extinguished by
the left-handed analyzer.
The viewer can tilt their head and
still maintain left/right separation.
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9. 11/4/2011
RealD Cinema system uses an
Circularly polarized glasses
electronically driven circular polarizer
Infitec glasses
Infitec (interference filter technology.)
Filters divide the visible color
spectrum into six narrow bands
"super-anaglyph”
3D glasses technology
Active
Dolby 3D theatres Active
Complementary color LCD shutter glasses
anaglyphs (use red and cyan) A liquid crystal glasses stop
q y g p
or allow light in thru
synchronization with the
images seen on the screen
Red eye shutterglasses
The Red Eye Method
reduces the ghosting
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Active 3D Glasses Active 3D Glasses
small LCD screens
this method of 3D cuts refresh rate in half
when voltage applied lens goes dark
synced with screen showing 3D Known to cause headaches
content then alternates image
viewed
each eye different angle of view
creates 3D effect
http://www.3d-tvbuyingguide.com/3dtv/3d-glasses.html
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10. 11/4/2011
Active 3D Glasses Autostereoscopic displays Auto 3D
3D Personal Display Spectacles Almont Green 3D Photography
two small screens in the glasses
(http://almontgreen.wordpress.com/)
display separate images to each eye.
Does not require a television
http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/head-mounter-3d
Lenticular printing 3D Printing
used to produce
images with an
illusion of depth,
or the ability to
change or move
as the image is
viewed from
different angles
Autostereoscopic displays Auto 3D
Remember we want 6 y/olds
Nintendo 3DS using Nintendo 3DS!
Nintendo 3DS is hazardous to the
eyes of children (Nope!)
3D Vision as
Public Health Model
http://www.digitaltrends.com/gaming/nintendo-3ds-is-hazardous-to-kids-eyes/
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11. 11/4/2011
How Does
Nintendo 3D Vision Syndrome
3DS Work?
two separate What constitutes a syndrome?
outputs at slightly
different angles
g
one for your left
A group of symptoms that
eye and the other collectively indicate or characterize a
for your right disease, psychological disorder, or
http://kombo.com other abnormal condition
/features/How_th
e_3DS_Works/
So is the 3D Vision Syndrome The 3D’s of 3D Viewing:
Really a Syndrome? Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth
Yes. Discomfort:
The symptoms and signs consistently Since 3D viewing is based
include: headaches, nausea, dizziness, a on the eyes converging in
vision induced sense of motion, front of or beyond the
diplopia, blurred vision and eyestrain; screen, viewing 3D images
as well as a disconnect between can potentially create
accommodation and vergence. eyestrain and headaches
The 3D’s of 3D Viewing: The 3D’s of 3D Viewing:
Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth
Dizziness: Lack of Depth:
3D technology can A viewer lacking binocular
exaggerate visually vision, simply won’t see 3D.
i i i l ’t 3D
induced motion sickness While this doesn’t pose any
…causing consumers to feel problem viewing the screen,
dizzy or nauseous during or it serves as a “vision
after viewing 3D content.
screening” that something is
abnormal with the viewer’s
binocular vision. Photo credit: Photobucket
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12. 11/4/2011
Symptoms of 3D Vision Syndrome
asthenopia, headaches, blurred vision, Symptoms of 3D Vision Syndrome
eyestrain, diplopia, dizziness/nausea and
…a happy, actively engaged users of 3D
vision induced motion sickness …..or ….
content?
Image credit: squidoo.com/3d-
Image Credit: American Optometric Association animated-gif Image Credit: American Optometric Association
3D Vision Syndrome …
… is comprised of a group of symptoms and
physical signs that collectively indicate or
characterize a functional vision and/or eye
So….is this
health disorder that manifests when viewing
simulated 3D technology These signs and
technology. really a public
symptoms include but are not limited to
headaches, blurred vision, eyestrain, double
vision, dizziness/nausea, decreased depth health issue?
perception and vision induced motion
sickness.
70/128
Scope of The Problem According to Statistics Canada, the
population of Canada, as of January 1,
Amblyopia 2% (6,239,043 US)
Strabismus 2-5% (15,597,609 US
2011, is estimated to be 34,278,400.
Accommodation 2.5-9.2% (28,699,600 US)
Eye Coordination (CI 7%) Amblyopia 2% (686,568)
Up to 25% (77 988 195 US)
(77,988,195 Strabismus 2-5% (1,713,920)
2 5%
Vertical Misalignment 7-52% Accommodation 2.5-9.2% (3,085,056)
(162,215,135 US) Eye Coordination (CI 7%)
US Census Bureau: U.S. 311,952,183
Up to 25% (8,569,600)
World 6,954,459,463 Vertical Misalignment 7-52%
AOA Clinical Guidelines: http://www.aoa.org/x4813.xml US Census:
http://www.census.gov/main/www/popclock.html
(17,842,768)
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13. 11/4/2011
Chicago is only a bit
Toronto, has a
population of 2.48
more than an hour
million people (5.5 plane ride from
million in the GTA - Toronto…so
Toronto so if you
Greater Toronto Area) don’t want to care for
these folks….
How to Dx an Individual with
How to Dx an Individual with
3D Vision Syndrome
3D Vision Syndrome
Examination Sequence
Comprehensive Case Hx
Visual Efficiency/Strabismus/Amblyopia
Vi l Effi i /St bi /A bl i
Special Testing (Visagraph, TOVA, etc)
Salient Findings
How to Tx an Individual with How to Tx an Individual with
3D Vision Syndrome 3D Vision Syndrome
We really don’t Use what we do know
know the b t
k th best
methodology/approach. Rx/Prism
Optometric Vision Therapy
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14. 11/4/2011
These are your patient’s eyes….
3D Vision Syndrome
Single Subject Design
Research Study
Patient #1
Symptoms:
blurred vision,
bl d i i
These are double vision,
your patient’s nausea, headache,
eyes dizziness while
On 3D! watching 3D movie 80/128
3D Vision Syndrome 3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1 Patient #1
27 y/o white female Initial Findings
College educated VA’s CLS RE/LE 20/20
Athletic trainer OR RE -.25, LE PL Acceptable Fit
, p
MR RE -4.25-50X175 20/15,
Hx of reading problems since 5th grade
LE -4.00-.50X175 20/15
Remedial reading class in college Pursuits/Saccades +4
Seasonal allergies CT 18 XOP @ near
Nephrectomy 2nd Degree Fusion Variable
3D Vision Syndrome 3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1 Patient #1
Initial Findings Initial Findings
Random Dot 100” (?) Accommodative Facility diplopia
NPC 2/6/4” MEM variable
After 5 attempts pain noted Ocular health mild allergic conjunctivitis
PFV/NFV @ near could not do/diplopia
- Lens amplitudes could not do
NRA +2.00 diplopia
PRA -1.00
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15. 11/4/2011
3D Vision Syndrome 3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1 Patient #1
Diagnosis Plan
Convergence insufficiency Obtain past records
Accommodative dysfunctions
y Start Optometric Vision Therapy
p py
Headache
Diplopia
Allergic conjunctivitis
3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1
Optometric Vision Therapy
Previous Eye Examination (10/09)
“No Binocular Testing Done!” Evidence Based Medicine
Hx “General Exam”, health “good”, Aided VAs
General Exam good
20/20 RE/LE, SLE unremarkable, Non-dilated
fundus evaluation unremarkable, Ret -4.00 Sph
RE/LE, MR -4.00-50X175 RE, -4.00-.50X180 LE, CT
2XO dist/Ortho near, BI 20/8, BO 24/12 near
Dx Myopia, Astigmatism
Randomized clinical trial of treatments for symptomatic convergence Scheiman M, Cotter S, Kulp MT, Mitchell GL, Cooper J, Gallaway M, Hopkins
insufficiency in children. Arch Ophthalmol. 2008 Oct;126(10):1336-49. KB, Bartuccio M, Chung I; the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial
Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial Study Group. Study Group. Treatment of Accommodative Dysfunction in Children:
Results from a Randomized Clinical Trial. Optom Vis Sci. 2011
CONCLUSIONS: Nov;88(11):1343-1352.
Twelve weeks of OBVAT results in a significantly
greater improvement in symptoms and clinical CONCLUSIONS: Vision
measures of near point of convergence and
pos t ve us o a vergence and greater
positive fusional ve ge ce a d a g eate
therapy/orthoptics is effective in
percentage of patients reaching the improving accommodative
predetermined criteria of success compared with amplitude and accommodative
HBPP, HBCVAT+, and OBPT. Application to
Clinical Practice Office-based vergence facility in school-aged children
accommodative therapy is an effective treatment with symptomatic CI and
for children with symptomatic convergence
insufficiency.
accommodative dysfunction.
90/128
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16. 11/4/2011
Long-term effectiveness of treatments for symptomatic convergence Scheiman M, Mitchell GL, Cotter S, Kulp MT, Cooper J, Rouse M, Borsting E,
insufficiency in children. Optom Vis Sci. 2009 Sep;86(9):1096-103. London R, Wensveen J. A randomized clinical trial of vision
Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial Study Group. therapy/orthoptics versus pencil pushups for the treatment of
convergence insufficiency in young adults. Optom Vis Sci. 2005
CONCLUSIONS: Most children aged 9 to Jul;82(7):583-95.
17 years who were asymptomatic after DISCUSSION:
In this study, vision therapy/orthoptics was the
a 12-week treatment program of g
only treatment that produced clinically significant
OBVAT for convergence insufficiency improvements in the near point of convergence
maintained their improvements in and positive fusional vergence. ……
symptoms and signs for at least 1 year
after discontinuing treatment. …. Pencil Push ups do not work very well!
Ciuffreda KJ. The scientific basis for and efficacy of optometric vision
therapy in nonstrabismic accommodative and vergence disorders.
Optometry. 2002 Dec;73(12):735-62.
BACKGROUND:
For nearly 75 years, optometric vision therapy has been an important mode
of therapy for both children and adults who manifested a range of Maino D. The number of placebo controlled,
nonstrabismic accommodative and vergence disorders.
METHODS:
double blind, prospective, and randomized
In this article the scientific basis for, and efficacy of, optometric vision
article, for of strabismus surgery outcome clinical trials:
therapy in such patients will be discussed. Using bio-engineering models
of the oculomotor system as the conceptual framework, emphasis will be None! Optom Vis Dev 2011;42(3):134-136.
focused on studies that used objective recording techniques to directly
assess therapeutically related changes in oculomotor responsivity.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: http://www.covd.org/Portals/0/OVD/42-3/Editorials/OVD%2042-
The findings clearly support the validity of 3%20Journal_Editorial_Maino_web.pdf
optometric vision therapy. Furthermore, the
results are consistent with the tenets of general
motor learning.
3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1 Use principles of neuro-plasticity therapy:
Optometric Vision Therapy
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4
Mono Biocular Binocular Integration
Oculo-
O l add anti-
dd ti add
dd Stabilization
St bili ti
Motor, suppression vergence
HE, Acc
3 month post OVT maintenance Tx and Maino D. Neuroplasticity: Teaching an Old
final progress evaluation Brain New Tricks. Rev Optom 2009. 46(1):62-
64,66-70
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17. 11/4/2011
3D Vision Syndrome 3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy Patient #1 Optometric
Vision Therapy
OVT #1
HC Saccades OVT #2
HC Rock
Reviewed HVT
R i d
HTS (saccades, pursuits, Vision Builder
accommodation (saccades
Brockstring Franzblau Red Rock
HVT Brockstring
Sent Home all of the above
3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1 Optometric 3D Vision Syndrome
Vision Therapy Patient #1
Optometric Vision
OVT #3 Therapy
Reviewed HVT OVT #4
Minus lens dips
Mi l di Reviewed HVT
HC accom rock Vision Builder
Vision Builder Randot vergence
(binoc reading) Eccentric Circles
Quoits Quoits 100/128 Photo credit VisionHelpBlog
3D Vision Syndrome
3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1 Optometric
Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy
Vision Therapy
OVT #5
OVT #6
Reviewed HVT
+/- Flippers (mono) Review HVT
Eccentric Circles
E t i Ci l ECC
HTS autoslide vergence Vectogram Jump
Jump vergences (vectos) Vergence
Brockstring (bug on a string)
HVT
Lifesaver Cards
ECC BO/Brockstring, HTS jump vergences
17

18. 11/4/2011
3D Vision Syndrome 3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy
Progress evaluation #1 OVT #7
20/15 BVA, RE/LE NPC TN no pain
CL OR RE +1.00-.50X180 BI 12/9 near Clown vectograms (push BI)
20/20 BO > 45
LE +1.25 20/20 Amps 7 D RE/LE Chicago Skyline (jump)
MR RE -3.25-.25X175 20/20
3 25 25X175 Facility
F ilit 8 CPM RE, 11 CPM LE, 10
RE LE
LE -3.250.75X005 20/20 CPM OU
Pursuits +4 Saccades +3
CT 2EP (near) MEM +.75 each eye
W4D 4 at all distances
Random dot 20 ‘
During evaluation no diplopia, pain, suppression
stable findings
Symptoms improving, not all resolved
3D Vision Syndrome
3D Vision Syndrome
Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy
Patient #1 Optometric Vision Therapy
OVT #8
Progress Evaluation #2
Clown vectograms (push 1 month later
BI) with +/-1.00 Majority of symptoms resolved
Tranaglyph BC 601 BVA 20/20 RE, LE
Slight + CL OR
Amps 8.33 RE/LE
NRA +2.50
Brockstring
B k t i CT ortho/2 EXO PRA -2.25
NPC TN Facility 6 RE, 7LE, 8 OU CPM no
Aperture Rule After 5 trials TN suppression
NPC with RL 7/10 cm MEM +.50 RE, LE
Vergence dist BI x/14/10 BO
Switch to HVT only due to X/30/25 RTO 6 mos CEE, intermittently do
Near BI 16/12 BO 35/25 HVT
change in work schedule W4D 4 all distances
Saw 3D movie…no problems! Random Dot 25’
Pur/Sac +4
Started Here: Ended Here:
Convergence insufficiency, Accommodative dysfunctions, Headache, Diplopia,
VA’s CLS RE/LE 20/20 Majority of symptoms Blurred vision, Double vision, Nausea, Dizziness
OR RE -.25, LE PL Acceptable Fit resolved
MR RE -4.25-50X175 20/15, BVA 20/20 RE, LE
LE -4.00-.50X175 20/15 Slight + CL OR
Pursuits/Saccades +4 Pur/Sac +4 All resolved in 8 OVT visits and HVT
CT 18 XOP @ near CT ortho/2 EXO, NPC TN
NPC 2/6/4” After 5 trials TN
After 5 attempts pain noted NPC with RL 7/10 cm Last Progress Evaluation on 7/10
PFV/NFV @ near could not Vergence dist BI x/14/10
do/diplopia BO X/30/25
W4D Fusion Variable Near BI 16/12 BO 35/25 On 8/1/10 the patient texted me and
Random Dot 100” (?) W4D 4 all distances, Random
- Lens amplitudes could not Random Dot 25’ said, “Just saw a 3D movie. It didn’t
do Amps 8.33 RE/LE hurt! It was an awesome experience!”
NRA +2.00 diplopia NRA +2.50, PRA -2.25
PRA -1.00 Facility 6 RE, 7LE, 8 OU CPM
no suppression
MEM +.50 RE, LE
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19. 11/4/2011
Computer Programs Used in Optometric Vision Therapy 3D as a Public Information
and Marketing Tool
3D in the News-Print Media-Internet
Computer Aided
Home Therapy Solutions Vision Therapy
In Your Office-3D Pictures-Newsletters
Website/Blog/Facebook/SOVOTO/LinkedIn
Media Awareness!
110/128
3D in the News ABC Chicago
http://abclocal.go.com/wls/s
tory?section=news/health&i
d=7298893
NBC News Broadcast
http://www.wlbz2.com/news/local/story.aspx?st
oryid=145741&catid=9
AOA TV
Diagnosis
Maino D. Brock String Debuts at 2011
Consumer Electronics Show. Optom Vis Dev
2011;42(1):6-9.
http://www.iwantmyaoatv.com/
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20. 11/4/2011
Blogs
Print /Digital Media
MainosMemos.blogspot.com Radio
120/128
http://prescription3dglasses.com/ http://prescription3dglasses.com/
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21. 11/4/2011
Pacific Eye Clinic Beaverton Opens 3D
Performance Eye Clinic
The 3D’s of 3D Viewing:
Discomfort, Dizziness and Lack of Depth The 4th D of 3D Viewing
Discomfort The fourth “D” of 3D Viewing should be
Dizziness to call your….
Lack of Depth
Doctor of Optometry
3D Resources
3D in the Classroom: AOA
See Well, Learn Well http://www.aoa.org
American Academy of Optometry
http://www.aaopt.org
3D Eye Health.org
http://www.3deyehealth.org/
COVD
http://www.covd.org
OEPF
http://www.oepf.org
Optometrists Network
http://www.vision3d.com/
Berezin Stereo Photography Products
http://www.berezin.com/3d/
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22. 11/4/2011
Questions?
Chris Haws
Dominick M. Maino, O.D., M.Ed.,
3D@Home F.A.A.O., F.C.O.V.D-
F.A.A.O., F.C.O.V.D-A.
Professor,
Pediatrics/Binocular Vision Service
Illinois College of
Optometry
Illinois Eye Institute
3241 S. Michigan Ave. Chicago, Il. 60616
312-949-
312-949-7280 (Voice) 312-949-7358 (fax)
312-949-
dmaino@ico.edu MainosMemos.blogspot.com
www.ico.edu nw.optometry.net
22