Abridged version of the slides of a talk on the intersection of feminism, hip hop and science (sexual selection).
More info about the presentation:
http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/urban-scientist/2012/12/03/intersection-of-culture-and-science-hiphop-feminism-sex-sexual-selection/
and
http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/urban-scientist/2012/11/27/sexual-politics-of-hip-hop-reexamined-as-lessons-in-sexual-selection/
1. The Birds, the Bees and the Beats:
Sexual Politics of Hip Hop Reexamined as
Lessons in Sexual Selection
Danielle N. Lee
Oklahoma State University
Laura C. Harris Symposium
"Sex, Science and Society”
Denison University
Granville, Ohio
5. Sexual Selection
• Intrasexual Selection
– by intimidating, deterring or defeating same-sex
rivals (intrasexual selection, within a given sex).
• Intersexual Selection
– by making themselves attractive to the opposite
sex (intersexual selection, between the sexes)
6. Intrasexual Selection
Males Females
• Status • Youth
• Power • Health
• Wealth • Availability
Resource Holding Potential Nubility
the ability of an animal to win sexually attractive young
an all-out fight if one were to female, suitable for mating
take place with high reproductive
capacity
TI: Whatever You Like
7. Intersexual Selection
Mate Choice Sexual Conflict
• Mate selection depends on • Males and females prefer
attractiveness of its traits different reproductive
• Traits related to Resource strategies to reach optimal
Holding Potential & Nubility fitness
• Strategies include frequency
of mating frequency and
parental care
Lauren Hill: That Thing
8. Key concepts of Sexual Selection
• Intrasexual Selection
• Resource Holding Potential
• Nubility
• Intersexual Selection
• Mate Choice
• Sexual Conflict
9. Key themes of Hip Hop
• Intrasexual Selection Throwing Shade on Lames
• Resource Holding Potential Men Making Stacks
• Nubility Women with Banging Bodies
• Intersexual Selection Hooking Up
• Mate Choice Choosing
• Sexual Conflict Running Game
11. Main Chicks
• Wife, Wifey, Girlfriend
• Pair-bonded female
Monogamy
Each individual has a single partner
Polygyny
Some males mate with more than one female
Method Man & Mary J. Blige: You’re All I Need to Get By/I’ll Be There for You
Fabolous: I Can’t Let You Go
13. Side Chicks
• Side piece, Boo Thang
Polygyny
• Jump offs, Smashers
Promiscuity/Polygynandry
Some males and some females will have several
mates
Mary J. Blige & Lil Kim: I Can Love You
Big Pun & Joe: Still Not a Player
14. Bad Bitches
• Dimes, Dime Piece, Stallion, Thoroughbred
Hip-to-waist ratio
Ratio of circumference of the hips to the waist
Indicator of reproductive condition (and
attraction)
2 Chainz & Kanye West: Birthday Song
Kanye West: Golddigger
16. Ugly Hoes
• Bust downs, Hood rats, Beast
Rejection
Either or both parties do not choose one
another
Project Pat, La' Chat, DJ Paul & Juicy J: Chickenhead
Juvenile: I Got That Fire
17. Mindful of the Misogyny
• Hip hop is macho-centered
• Today’s most popular songs objectify women
• All ages have unfettered access to adult-
themed songs
• These themes are more popular around the
world
2 Chainz & Kanye West: Birthday Song
P Square: Chop My Money
Photo credit:Twerk Team Fan Po (Official Twerkers Got Swag)In the early days of rap and hip hop it was regarded as alternative– only heard in dance clubs, played by late night disc jockets. Many R&B and urban contemporary radio stations refused to play rap songs or R&B songs with short rap tracks in the 80s and 90s
Now hip hop, which includes rap music is not only a full music genre – it’s a multi-billion dollar industry, influencing art, fashion, and pop culture.From Wikipedia:four pillars of hip hop culture: MCing, DJing, B-boying and graffiti Hip hop is simultaneously a new and old phenomenon; the importance of sampling to the art form means that much of the culture has revolved around the idea of updating classic recordings, attitudes, and experiences for modern audiences - called "flipping" within the culture.
hip hop has given a voice to the voiceless and poverty-stricken worldwide, particularly in inner cities and neighborhoods suffering from urban blight, and showcased their artistic ingenuity and talent on a global scale. At its worst,[citation needed] hip hop has mirrored the worst aspects of the mainstream culture that it once challenged: materialism, sexism, an internalized racism and an antipathy towards intellectualism.I remix this science lectureSo, I use hip hop culture: the good, the bad, and the ugly as my background track to teach evolutionary biologyhttp://blogs.westword.com/backbeat/2011/01/misogyny_do_women_get_a_bad_rap_in_hip_hop.phphttp://www.clutchmagonline.com/2011/07/whos-to-blame-for-misogyny-in-hip-hop-the-artists-or-the-fans/
Natural Selection is the differential success of individuals. Success is survival and reproduction.In natural selection, traits are shaped by environmental, biological or physiological agents (Andersson 1994).In sexual selection, traits are shaped by sexual rivals and mates (Andersson 1994).Often times these selective forces can act in ways contrary to Natural selection.Sexual Selection is the difference in reproductive success of individuals based on competition for mates AND the expression of TRAITS that give those individuals an advantage.
by intimidating, deterring or defeating same-sex rivals (intrasexual selection, within a given sex).by making themselves attractive to the opposite sex (intersexual selection, between the sexes)
T.I. Whatever you like – clean official video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nQJACVmankY
Lauren Hill – That Thing – official video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6QKqFPRZSAWhy is there conflict:Male RS increases by gaining more mates, whereasFemale RS increases with gainer greater or exclusive access to a male and/or his resources (food, shelter, protection).
This tug of war of mate choice and sexual conflict shapes animal behavior and results in a pageant of reproductive behaviors across the animal kingdomWhich includes courtship patterns, mating strategies and tactics and parental care behaviors.
Hip hop music that is popular today is very sexist and male biased. And it the images in videos and the lyrics are Hyper sexualized and promotes tolerance of sexual assault and other unwelcomed sexual advances, idolizing strippers and video vixens, tolerance of insulting language taking a look at Sex, Dating, and Relationships as depicted in popular culture and hip hop music and pointing out how examples of evolutionary biology principles at play.
Monogamy, Bi-parental care, Paternal care, provision, fidelity, reproductive successMale-female are coupled, share a territory, provision each other and young - all of this is expressed in Method Man’s song.Fabolus “I Can’t Let You Go”
Mary J Blige w/ Lil Kim I Can Love You http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eoOhnr1nptc&feature=share&list=PL4C8F39BE167E894C
Facial beauty, breasts, hip-waist ration are sexually selected traits."Birthday Song" by 2 Chainz with Kanye West http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y34jC4I1m70Kanye West - Gold Digger ft. Jamie Foxx http://youtu.be/6vwNcNOTVzY
Sybil A Streeter, Donald H McBurney (2002). Waist–hip ratio and attractiveness: New evidence and a critique of “a critical test” Evolution and Human Behavior, 24 (2), 88-98 : 10.1016/S1090-5138(02)00121-6Waist hip ratio credit http://www.facenbody.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/singh.gifWaist-hip ratio is an indicator of health – shows female not malnourished; fat deposits on belly less healthy than fat deposits on hips.Plus, picking someone with these traits beneficial but the desire to pick someone with those traits is itself beneficial. If I find an indicator of fertility attractive I will be more likely to pick a fertile mate. I win
Project Pat - Chickenhead (HD) (Feat. La' Chat, DJ Paul & Juicy J) http://youtu.be/nnT15du9zYAJuvenile - I Got That Fire ft. Mannie Fresh http://youtu.be/e3b_nqvmBnQ
Birthday Song – Kanye West’s verseChop My Money by P-Square - Chop My Money Ft. Akon, May D http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17vC8qZILJE