The MeshDynamics MD4000 mesh node uses third generation mesh technology to maintain bandwidth over numerous hops without degradation, allowing for glitch-free video even over multiple hops. It utilizes multiple channels simultaneously to ensure minimal bandwidth loss. Additionally, features such as bonded channel technology and multiple downlink radios can further increase available bandwidth and support more cameras on the network compared to other vendors. The MD4000 has been tested sending video at 10Mbps on average while moving at 65mph over 5 hops.

1. THE MESHDYNAMICS MD4000 IS THE IDEAL MESH NODE FOR VIDEO
AND SURVEILLANCE APPLICATIONS. ITS COMPACT SIZE ALONG WITH
SUPERIOR TECHNOLOGY AND EASE OF USE MAKE FOR A SWIFT
INSTALLATION AND EFFORTLESS OPERATION.
VIDEO APPLICATIONS TEND TO BE BANDWIDTH-INTENSIVE. MANY
WIRELESS SYSTEMS SUFFER FROM JITTERY VIDEO DUE TO LACK OF
AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH TRANSFERRED ACROSS THE BACKHAUL. THE
MD4000 USES THIRD GENERATION MESH TECHNOLOGY TO MAINTAIN
BANDWIDTH OVER NUMEROUS HOPS WITHOUT DEGRADATION.
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

2. THE THIRD GENERATION BACKHAUL OF THE MD4000 USES MULTIPLE
CHANNELS SIMULTANEOUSLY WITHIN THE UTILIZED SPECTRUM IN ORDER
TO ENSURE MINIMAL BANDWIDTH LOSS AS THE NUMBER OF HOPS
INCREASES.
TYPICALLY, THE 5GHz SPECTRUM IS USED FOR THE BACKHAUL. SINCE
DIFFERENT 5GHz CHANNELS ARE USED BY ADJACENT LINKS IN THE MESH,
THERE IS NO INTERFERENCE ALONG THE BACKHAUL. THIS ALLOWS EACH
NODE TO SEND AND RECEIVE AT THE SAME TIME. THEREFORE
CONSERVING BANDWIDTH OVER MANY HOPS.
ROOT
NODE
SEND/ SEND/ SEND/ SEND/ SEND/ SEND/
RECEIVE RECEIVE RECEIVE RECEIVE RECEIVE RECEIVE
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3. FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION MESH NODES USE ONLY ONE CHANNEL
OF A CERTAIN FREQUENCY SPECTRUM ACROSS ALL LINKS OF A BACKHAUL
DURING OPERATION.
A NODE IN THE MESH CANNOT SEND AND RECEIVE AT THE SAME TIME
SINCE THE SAME FREQUENCY IS USED FOR BOTH FUNCTIONS. THIS MAKES
FOR A VERY INEFFICIENT PROCESS THAT SEVERELY EFFECTS BANDWIDTH
AS THE NUMBER OF HOPS INCREASES. THE NUMBER OF CAMERAS THAT
CAN BE INSTALLED ONTO A NETWORK IS THEREFORE LIMITED.
VIDEO APPLICATIONS CAN START TO ENCOUNTER ISSUES AFTER ONLY A
FEW HOPS IN FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION MESHES.
ROOT
NODE
NODE NODE NODE NODE NODE NODE
SEND RECEIVE
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4. FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION MESH NODES USE ONLY ONE CHANNEL
OF A CERTAIN FREQUENCY SPECTRUM ACROSS ALL LINKS OF A BACKHAUL
DURING OPERATION.
A NODE IN THE MESH CANNOT SEND AND RECEIVE AT THE SAME TIME
SINCE THE SAME FREQUENCY IS USED FOR BOTH FUNCTIONS. THIS MAKES
FOR A VERY INEFFICIENT PROCESS THAT SEVERELY EFFECTS BANDWIDTH
AS THE NUMBER OF HOPS INCREASES. THE NUMBER OF CAMERAS THAT
CAN BE INSTALLED ONTO A NETWORK IS THEREFORE LIMITED.
VIDEO APPLICATIONS CAN START TO ENCOUNTER ISSUES AFTER ONLY A
FEW HOPS IN FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION MESHES.
ROOT
NODE
NODE NODE NODE NODE NODE NODE
SEND RECEIVE
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

5. ALTHOUGH MESHDYNAMICS THIRD GENERATION MESH NODES
TYPICALLY USE THE 5GHz SPECTRUM FOR THE MULTI-CHANNEL
BACKHAUL, THE 2.4GHz SPECTRUM AND THE 4.9GHz PUBLIC SAFETY
BAND CAN ALSO BE USED.
THE 5GHz SPECTRUM IS USED MAINLY FOR TWO REASONS: THERE IS
MORE AVAILABLE CHANNEL SPACE IN THIS SPECTRUM ALLOWING FOR
THE MOST NUMBER OF CHANNELS TO BE USED, AND BECAUSE IT IS A
RELATIVELY CLEAN RF SPACE WHICH CATERS TO SMOOTH, GLITCH-
FREE VIDEO.
THE 2.4GHz SPECTRUM IS USUALLY USED FOR THE BACKHAUL IN
RURAL AREAS WHERE GREAT DISTANCES ARE NEEDED, AND THE RF
POLLUTION IS MUCH LIGHTER THAN IN CIVILIZED AREAS.
THE 4.9GHz PUBLIC SAFTEY BAND IS A LICENSED BAND RESERVED FOR
POLICE AND EMERGENCY SERVICES.
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

6. THE RIGHT-HAND ETHERNET PORT ON THE MD4000 MESH NODE SERVES AS
SWITCH PORT TO NETWORK DEVICES. THE DATA FROM CLIENTS OR DEVICES
CONNECTED TO THIS PORT WILL BE SENT WIRELESSLY THROUGH THE MESH
TO THE MAIN NETWORK.
THE MOST BASIC WAY TO CREATE A WIRELESS SURVEILENCE SYSTEM USING
THE MD4000 IS TO SIMPLY CONNECT AN IP CAMERA TO THE RIGHT-HAND
ETHERNET PORT ON THE MESH NODE.
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

7. THE RIGHT-HAND ETHERNET PORT ON THE MD4000 MESH NODE SERVES AS
SWITCH PORT TO NETWORK DEVICES. THE DATA FROM CLIENTS OR DEVICES
CONNECTED TO THIS PORT WILL BE SENT WIRELESSLY THROUGH THE MESH
TO THE MAIN NETWORK.
THE MOST BASIC WAY TO CREATE A WIRELESS SURVEILENCE SYSTEM USING
THE MD4000 IS TO SIMPLY CONNECT AN IP CAMERA TO THE RIGHT-HAND
ETHERNET PORT ON THE MESH NODE.
RELAY NODE
ROOT NODE
mesh
dynanmics
mesh
dynanmics
NETWORK IP CAMERA
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

8. IF MULTIPLE CAMERAS ARE NEEDED ON A SINGLE NODE, CONNECT A SWITCH
TO THE RIGHT-HAND ETHERNET PORT, THEN CONNECT THE DESIRED
NUMBERS OF CAMERAS TO THE SWITCH.
RELAY NODE
ROOT NODE
mesh
dynanmics
mesh
dynanmics
SWITCH
NETWORK
IP CAMERA IP CAMERA
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9. TO DETERMINE THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF CAMERAS THAT CAN BE INSTALLED
ONTO A NETWORK, CAMERA SETTINGS MUST FIRST BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT.
THE SETTINGS OF A CAMERA EFFECT HOW MUCH BANDWIDTH THE CAMERA WILL
REQUIRE. THERE ARE SEVERAL SETTINGS THAT CAN BE APPLIED TO CAMERAS
SUCH AS FRAME RATE, RESOLUTION, AND COMPRESSION TO NAME A FEW.
THE TABLE BELOW GIVES BANDWIDTH VALUES FOR SOME COMMON CAMERA
SETTINGS (640 x 480 RESOLUTION, MPEG4-30) WITH VARYING FRAME RATES.
BANDWIDTH
1.4
CONSUMED 1.2
1.0
(Mbps) 0.8
0.6
FRAME SIZE 0.4
10KB 0.2
9KB
8KB
7KB 10 20 30
6KB (FRAMES PER SECOND)
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

10. THE 802.11a PROTOCOL, WHICH IS USED BY THE 5GHz BACKHAUL, CAN
SUPPORT ROUGHLY 22Mbps OF THROUGHPUT ON EACH OF ITS NON-
OVERLAPPING CHANNELS. IF A CAMERA IS SET TO CONSUME 1Mbps OF
THROUGHPUT, THIS IMPLIES THAT AN 802.11a LINK CAN SUPPORT THE
BANDWIDTH NEEDED BY 22 SUCH CAMERAS. TYPICALLY, THE NUMBER
OF CAMREAS IS CUT BACK SLIGHTLY TO ALLOW FOR OTHER WIRELESS
OVERHEAD ON THE LINK.
IN ADDITION TO THE MULTI-CHANNEL, 3RD GENERATION BACKHAUL
OF THE MD4000 WHICH ENABLES IT TO CARRY THIS 22Mbps OVER
NUMEROUS HOPS WITHOUT BANDWIDTH DEGRADATION, THE MD4000
OFFERS FEATURES THAT CAN EVEN FURTHER INCREASE THE
AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH ON THE NETWORK: BONDED CHANNEL
TECHNOLOGY, AND MULTIPLE DOWNLINK RADIOS.
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

11. BONDED CHANNEL TECHNOLOGY USES TWICE THE CHANNEL WIDTH AS
STANDARD 802.11a/g CHANNELS (WHICH ARE TYPICALLY 20MHz WIDE),
BUT GIVES TWICE THE THROUGHPUT OF THE STANDARD CHANNELS. A
LINK USING BONDED CHANNEL TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTS
APPROXIMATELY 44Mbps OF THROUGHPUT.
22Mbps
20MHz WIDE
OFDM
CHANNEL MASK
5745 MHz 5785 MHz 5825 MHz
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

12. BONDED CHANNEL TECHNOLOGY USES TWICE THE CHANNEL WIDTH AS
STANDARD 802.11a/g CHANNELS (WHICH ARE TYPICALLY 20MHz WIDE),
BUT GIVES TWICE THE THROUGHPUT OF THE STANDARD CHANNELS. A
LINK USING BONDED CHANNEL TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTS
APPROXIMATELY 44Mbps OF THROUGHPUT.
40MHz WIDE
44Mbps
OFDM
CHANNEL MASK
5745 MHz 5785 MHz 5825 MHz
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13. MULTIPLE DOWNLINK RADIOS WILL GIVE A MESH MULTIPLE 22Mbps
SOURCES OF BANDWIDTH. EACH DOWNLINK RADIO ON A ROOT NODE
WILL PROVIDE A SEPARATE CHANNEL FOR RELAY NODES TO
ASSOCIATE TO. WITH THE APPROPRIATE USE OF SECTOR ANTENNAS,
THE MULTIPLE SOURCES OF BANDWIDTH CAN BE DISTRIBUTED
ACROSS THE MESH.
DOWNLINK
Chn. B
ANTENNA ( 22Mbps ) DOWNLINK
Chn. A ANTENNA
( 22Mbps ) SIGNAL
SPREAD
ROOT
DOWNLINK NODE
ANTENNA
Chn. B
DOWNLINK
( 22Mbps )
ANTENNA DOWNLINK DOWNLINK
ANTENNA ANTENNA
ROOT SIGNAL SIGNAL
NODE
SPREAD SPREAD
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14. THE DIAGRAM BELOW ILLUSTRATES HOW DIFFERENT GROUPS OF RELAY
NODES GET THEIR OWN 22Mbps SOURCE OF BANDWIDTH FROM EACH OF
THE ROOT NODE’S DOWNLINKS. ANTENNA SPREADS ARE SELECTED
BASED ON THE LOCAL DISTRIBUTION OF RELAY NODES.
THREE DOWNLINK RADIOS ARE USED IN THIS EXAMPLE.
ROOT NODE
RELAY NODE
DOWNLINK
ANTENNA
SIGNAL
SPREADS
CAMERA
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

15. WHILE OTHER VENDORS OFFER ONLY A SINGLE DOWNLINK RADIO
ON THE ROOT NODE, WHICH CAN SEVERELY LIMIT THE NUMBER OF
CAMERAS THAT CAN BE INSTALLED ON A NETWORK, THE ABILITY OF
THE MD4000 TO UTILIZE MULTIPLE DOWNLINK RADIOS
ALLOWS FOR A SUBSTANTIAL INCREASE IN THE
NUMBER OF NETWORK CAMERAS. ROOT NODE
RELAY NODE
DOWNLINK
ANTENNA
SIGNAL
SPREADS
CAMERA
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

16. THE BENEFIT OF MULTIPLE DOWNLINK RADIOS CAN ALSO BE APPLIED TO RELAY
NODES. A RELAY NODE’S UPLINK THAT HAS A BONDED-CHANNEL CONNECTION
(44Mbps) CAN PROVIDE SEPARATE DOWNLINK CONNECTIONS OF 22Mbps TO
DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS. THIS IS ESPECIALLY HELPFUL WHEN
THERE ARE NODE CLUSTERS AND SURVEILLANCE AREAS ARE THAT ARE NON-
LINE-OF-SITE FROM THE ROOT NODE.
ROOT
NODE
(downlink antenna)
s
bp
44 MOUNTAIN
M
M
bp 22
s
22Mbps
RELAY
NODE
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

17. THE BENEFIT OF MULTIPLE DOWNLINK RADIOS CAN ALSO BE APPLIED TO RELAY
NODES. A RELAY NODE’S UPLINK THAT HAS A BONDED-CHANNEL CONNECTION
(44Mbps) CAN PROVIDE SEPARATE DOWNLINK CONNECTIONS OF 22Mbps TO
DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS. THIS IS ESPECIALLY HELPFUL WHEN
THERE ARE NODE CLUSTERS AND SURVEILLANCE AREAS ARE THAT ARE NON-
LINE-OF-SITE FROM THE ROOT NODE.
ROOT
MOUNTAIN
NODE node
Cluster
s
bp
44 MOUNTAIN
M
M
bp 22
s
node
RELAY
22Mbps cluster
MOUNTAIN NODE
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

18. THE COMBINATION OF THE THIRD GENERATION BACKHAUL AND SEAMLESS
NODE-TO-NODE SWITCHING MAKE THE MD4000 MOBILE NODES IDEAL FOR
MOBILE VIDEO APPLICATIONS.
THE MD4000 HAS BEEN TESTED AT 65Mph WHILE SENDING GLITCH-FREE VIDEO
OVER 5 HOPS. DURING THIS TEST, AN AVERAGE OF 10Mbps OF THROUGHPUT
WAS MEASURED. THE CONNECTIVITY OF THE MOBILE NODE WAS SET AT
24Mbps IN ORDER TO UTILIZE THE ROBUST 16-QAM MODULATION SCHEME.
ROOT
NODE
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

19. THE COMBINATION OF THE THIRD GENERATION BACKHAUL AND SEAMLESS
NODE-TO-NODE SWITCHING MAKE THE MD4000 MOBILE NODES IDEAL FOR
MOBILE VIDEO APPLICATIONS.
THE MD4000 HAS BEEN TESTED AT 65Mph WHILE SENDING GLITCH-FREE VIDEO
OVER 5 HOPS. DURING THIS TEST, AN AVERAGE OF 10Mbps OF THROUGHPUT
WAS MEASURED. THE CONNECTIVITY OF THE MOBILE NODE WAS SET AT
24Mbps IN ORDER TO UTILIZE THE ROBUST 16-QAM MODULATION SCHEME.
IP CAMERA
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS

20. THE COMBINATION OF THE THIRD GENERATION BACKHAUL AND SEAMLESS
NODE-TO-NODE SWITCHING MAKE THE MD4000 MOBILE NODES IDEAL FOR
MOBILE VIDEO APPLICATIONS.
THE MD4000 HAS BEEN TESTED AT 65Mph WHILE SENDING GLITCH-FREE VIDEO
OVER 5 HOPS. DURING THIS TEST, AN AVERAGE OF 10Mbps OF THROUGHPUT
WAS MEASURED. THE CONNECTIVITY OF THE MOBILE NODE WAS SET AT
24Mbps IN ORDER TO UTILIZE THE ROBUST 16-QAM MODULATION SCHEME.
Throughput
21.00
18.00
15.00
12.00
(Mbps) 9.00
6.00
3.00
0.00
00:00 00:50 01:40 02:30 03:20 04:10 05:00 05:50 06:40 07:50
Elapsed Time (mm:ss)
COPYRIGHT 2008 MESHDYNAMICS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. DISCLOSURES PROTECTED BY MULTIPLE PATENTS