Anhalt1

Salyan Khanate
The city of Salyan has been a continuous settlement of sal tribe, after whom the city named and occupied by Kura river. Salyan was part of Quba
Khanate during 1680 to 1782 and ruled by various khans.
Hasanbay Khan (died 1748) was a Khan of Salyan Khanate from 1729 until his death in 1748.
Ibrahim Khan (died 1757) was a Khan of Salyan Khanate from 1748 until his death in 1757.
Ali Khan (died 1768) was a Khan of Salyan Khanate from 1757 until his death in 1768.
Qubad Khan (died 1782) was a Khan of Salyan Khanate from 1768 until his death in 1782.
Shamakha Khanate
Shamakha was Khanate in present Azerbaijan.
Khoja Shamakha
Muhammad Saìd Khan (died 1786) was a Khan of Khoja Shamakha from 1748 until his death in 1786.
Yeni Shamakha
Muhammad Àli Khan (died 1763) was a Khan of Yeni Shamakha from 1748 until his death in 1763.
Aghazi Khan (died 1768) was a Khan of Yeni Shamakha from 1763 until 1768 and from 1778 until his death in 1786.
Fath Àli Khan (died 1769) was a Khan of Yeni Shamakha from 1768 until his death in 1769.
Àbd Allah Beg (died 1770) was a Khan of Yeni Shamakha from 1769 until his death in 1770.
Ildar Beg (died 1778) was a Khan of Yeni Shamakha from 1770 until his death in 1778.
Shamakha
Askar Khan (died 1789) was a Khan of Shamakha from 1786 until his death in 1789.
Qasim Khan (died 1796) was a Khan of Shamakha from 1789 until his death in 1796.
Mustafa Khan (died 1820) was a Khan of Shamakha from 1796 until his death in 1820.
Talish
Talish was Khanate in present Azerbaijan.
Saìd Àbbas was a Khan of Talish in 1747
Gara Khan (died 1786) was a Khan of Talish from 1747 until his death in 1786.
Mir Mustafa Khan (died 1814) was a Khan of Talish from 1786 until his death in 1814.
Jawad
Jawad was Khanate in present Azerbaijan.
Tala Hasan Khan was a Khan of Jawad from 1778 until 1789.

Vorarlberg
Vorarlberg was once part of the Roman Empire in the Roman province of Raetia; it then fell under the rule of the Bavarians. Subsequently, the
region was settled by the Bavarians and the Lombards and later fell under the rule of the Counts of Montfort until 1525, when
the Habsburgs took control.[2]
The historically Germanic province, which was a gathering together of former bishoprics, was still ruled in part by
a few semi-autonomous countsand surviving bishoprics until the start of World War I. Vorarlberg was a part of Further Austria, and parts of the
area were ruled by the CountsMontfort of Vorarlberg. Following World War I there was a desire by many in Vorarlberg to join Switzerland. In a
referendum held in Vorarlberg on 11 May 1919, over 80% of those voting supported a proposal for the state to join the Swiss Confederation.
However this was prevented by the opposition of theAustrian government, the Allies, Swiss liberals, the Swiss-Italians and the Swiss-French.
Sebastian Froschauer (1801 - 1884) was a Count of Vorarlberg from 1861 until 1873.
Anton Jussel (1816 - 1878) was a Count of Vorarlberg from 1873 until his death in 1878.
Carl Graf Belrupt-Tissac (1826 - 1903) was a Count of Vorarlberg from 1878 until 1890.
Adolf Rhomberg (1851 - 1921) was a Count of Vorarlberg from 1890 until 1918.
Virumaa
Virumaa (Latin: Vironia; Low German: Wierland; Old Norse: Virland) is a former independent county in Ancient Estonia. Now it is divided
into Ida-Viru County or Eastern Vironia and Lääne-Viru County or Western Vironia. Vironians built many strongholds,
like Tarwanpe (modern Rakvere) and Agelinde (now Punamägi Hill in Äntu village). Vironian was divided into five clans (kilikunda), Maum (in
Estonian "Mahu"), Laemund (Lemmu) also known as Pudiviru, Askele, Revele (Rebala), Alentagh (Alutaguse). Like other Estonian tribes,
Vironians remained predominantly pagan before Northern Crusades in 13th century.
Kyriavanus was a ruler of independent County Virumaa in medivial Estonia in 1227. In 1219, the German crusaders of the Livonian Brothers
of the Sword made a raid against Vironians together with recently christened Letts, Livonians, and several proto-Estonian tribes
(Sakalians, Ugaunians and Jervians). After five days of killing and pillaging, Kyriavan, Thabelinus and other Vironian elders asked for a truce.
According to the chronicle, Kyriavan told he had a "very bad god" before and therefore was ready to accept the Christian god. After truce was
made, Vironian elders accepted Christianity. Some sons of elders from all five Vironian clans were taken hostages by the crusaders as part of the
truce. In 1221, Vironians took part in failed attempt to oust Danes who had built a fortress in the place of modern Tallinn in the neighboring
province of Revelia. Danes retaliated, killed several Vironian elders and put Vironians under heavy taxes.
Tabelinus was a ruler of independent county Virumaa in medivial Estonia in 1227. According to the Chronicle of Henry of Livonia, Vironians
believed that Tharapita, a god worshipped by Osilians (the tribe inhabiting Saaremaa) was born in Vironia. However, Vironian elder Tabelinus of
Pudiviru had endorsed Christianity before the German and Danish crusaders reached Estonia.Tabellinus was baptized by Germans
in Gotland island. Later, when competing Danish crusaders arrived to Vironia, Thabelinus was suspected of being too pro-German and hanged.
In 1219, the German crusaders of the Livonian Brothers of the Sword made a raid against Vironians together with recently
christened Letts, Livonians, and several proto-Estonian tribes (Sakalians, Ugaunians and Jervians). After five days of killing and pillaging,
Kyriavan, Tabelinus and other Vironian elders asked for a truce. According to the chronicle, Kyriavan told he had a "very bad god" before and
therefore was ready to accept the Christian god. After truce was made, Vironian elders accepted Christianity. Some sons of elders from all five
Vironian clans were taken hostages by the crusaders as part of the truce. In 1221, Vironians took part in failed attempt to oust Danes who had
built a fortress in the place of modern Tallinn in the neighboring province of Revelia. Danes retaliated, killed several Vironian elders and put
Vironians under heavy taxes.
Principality of Rügen
The Principality of Rügen, Principality of Rugen or Principality of Rugia (German: Fürstentum Rügen) was a Danish principality consisting of
the island of Rügen and the adjacent mainland from 1168 until 1325. It was governed by a local dynasty of princes of the Wizlawiden (House of
Wizlaw) dynasty. For at least part of this period, Rügen was subject to theHoly Roman Empire.
Tetzlav, also known as Tezlaw, Tetzlaw and Tetislaw (before 1163 – between 1170 and 1181) was a Prince of Rügen from 1264 until his death
between 1170 and 1181. According to the Pomeranian chronicler, Thomas Kantzow, he was a son of the Rani king, Ratislaus of Rügen
(1105−1140). Even before the first recorded mention of Tetzlav in 1164 as King of the island territory of Rügen by the writer, Saxo Grammaticus,
the Rani tribe were the object of several campaigns by the Danish king, Valdemar I and the Saxon duke,Henry the Lion. Tetzlav and his co-
regent brother, Jaromar, had to acknowledge the suzerainty of their conquerors each time. For example, they took part in 1162 in Valdemar's
military campaign against Wolgast and in 1163 in the consecration of Lübeck Cathedral by Henry the Lion. After the Danes under Valdemar I
and Bishop Absalon of Roskilde conquered the Jaromarsburg in 1168, Tetzlav and Jaromar surrendered their main residence and temple site
atCharenza, following negotiations, without a fight. By recognizing the suzerainty of the Danish king and converting to Christianity, they
secured their lordship over Rügen. This was manifested in particular through the disempowerment of the Sventovit priests who hitherto had
enjoyed the status of secular rulers. Tetzlav was henceforth called the Prince of Rügen. As vassals of the Danes, the Rani soon took part in
military expeditions again against the Pomeranians, including the siege of Stettin by Valdemar I in 1170. In 1170 Tetzlav is mentioned for the

last time in the written records. In 1181 his brother, Jaromar I, became the sole Prince of Rügen. The street Tetzlawstraße in Stralsund is named
after him.
Jaromar I (died 1218) was a Prince of Rügen from 1170 until his death in 1218. Jaromar was a Ranish nobleman, who was a native of the
island of Rügen. Jaromar rose to be ruler of the Principality of Rügen as result of the Danish conquest of Rügen in 1168. His predecessor
was Tetzlav, who in 1168 had submitted to the Danish. The Danish organized a war to Christianize the formerly pagan islanders and to destroy
the pagan strongholds and cult places. This action also served to have their piracy and raids to Danish lands ended. The Danish navy, led by
among other militaries, Archbishop Absalon, conquered and destroyed the fortress of Cape Arkona. The temple fortress of Arkona
(Jaromarsburg) had been the religious centre of the Slavic Rani. The island of Rügen was incorporated into the Danish Archdiocese of Roskilde.
The Danish set up Rügen as their vassal. Jaromar, who was not committed to hitherto pagan rulers of the island, accepted Christianity and
promised loyalty to King Valdemar I of Denmark. Jaromar allied with the Hvide and Galen magnate clans, who were leaders
of Zealand and Skåne. Jaromar had his son and heir Wizlaw I marry a lady from these Danish magnates' families, who were influential in those
parts of Denmark that were closest to Rügen. By 1185, Jaromar I had started construction of St. Mary's Church (Marienkirche) erected in his
stronghold Rugard (which later became the town Bergen-auf-Rügen). In 1193, the church was completed and then consecrated as
a monastery church, making it Rügen's oldest maintained building. It is commonly believed that Jaromar was buried under the gravestone
embedded in the church's outer wall. Additionally he founded the Cistercian Eldena Abbey (Kloster Eldena).
Barnuta (died 1221) was a Prince of Rügen from 1218 until his death in 1221. He was oldest son of Jaromar I, ancestor of the House of Gristow.
Wizlaw I (c. 1180 – June 7, 1250), variously called Vislav, Vizlav, Wislaw, Wizlaw and Witslaw in English sources, was a prince of Rügen from
1221 until 1249. The first surviving mention of Vitslav I dates to 1193. His parents were Jaromar I and Hildegard of Denmark (ca. 1135), the
daughter of Canute V of Denmark[1]
(ca. 1128–1157) and (Sophie?) Sverkersdotter of Sweden. In 1219, Vitslav took part in a campaign by his
feudal lord, the King of Denmark Valdemar II, to Estonia. Following the resignation of his brother, Barnuta, Vitslav I was mentioned in
documents in 1221 as the Prince of Rügen. This year is also first time that there is a record of German settlers in the mainland territories of
Rügen. In subsequent years, he again took part in wars on the side of Valdemar II, for example, in 1225 at the Battle of Mölln and in 1227 at
the Battle of Bornhöved. Despite the defeat of the Danes, he held firmly to his feudal relation with Denmark. In 1231 he founded
the Cistercian monastery of Neuenkamp (now Franzburg). In 1234, he gave Stralsund its town rights and granted the town privileges such as
fishing rights and exemption from duty. During his reign, the Principality of Rügen reached its greatest extent. With his wife Margarete (before
1200 - March 5, 1232), probably a niece of bishop Absalon and possibly a daughter of Sverker II of Sweden and Benedicta Ebbesdotter of Hvide,
he had six sons whose names are known: Jaroslav (after 1215 – 1242/1243), from 1232 to 1242 Propst of Rügen and Tribsees, Petrus (after 1215 –
1237), Vitslav (ca. 1220 – 1243/44), Burislav (* before 1231 – 1237), Nikolaus (* before 1231 – 1237) and Jaromar II (1218 – 1260), his successor
(from 1245 co-ruler)
Jaromar II, Prince of Rügen (c. 1218 – August 20, 1260) was a Danish nobleman and the Prince of Rügen from 1249 until his death on August
20, 1360. He was first mentioned on 8 November 1231. From 28 September 1246, he was co-ruler with his father, Prince Vitslav I. During the
early years of his reign, he tried to maintain peaceful relations with his neighbours, the Dukes of Pomerania, especially with the princes
of Gützkow, who were vassals of Barnim I. He promoted trade by outlawing wreckingand providing safe passage for merchant ships
from Lübeck. In 1249, troops from Lübeck destroyed the city of Stralsund; this resulted in a war which lasted four years, during which
Stralsund's privateers were allowed to capture ships from Lübeck. All privileges granted to Lübeck were suspended, until the paid compensation
for the damage done to Stralsund. Jaromar II donated land to the three Cistercian monasteries in his territory, in Bergen auf
Rügen, Neuenkamp, and Hilda. In 1252, he donated the Radevice Land in Mönchgut to Hilda Abbey, near Greifswald. He supported the
settlement of other religious orders in his territory. The Dominicans founded the St. Catherine monastery in Stralsund; theFranciscans founded
the St. John monastery, also in Stralsund, in 1254. In 1255, he granted Lübeck style city rights to Barth and in 1258 to Damgarten. Jaromar II was
an ardent supporter of the archbishops in the Danish domestic struggle between the Danish king and the archbishops Jakob
Erlandsen of Lund and Peder Bang of Roskilde. In Peder Bang escaped from a Danish prison, into exile in Schaprode in Rügen. In April of the
year, Jaromir II and Peder Bang landed on the main Danish island of Zealand and took the city of Copenhagen. They probably committed some
serious acts of violence in the process, and burned down a large part of Copenhagen, after looting the city. King Christopher I of
Denmark suddenly died in Ribe in May 1259. His widow, Margaret Sambiria, took up the regency for her underdage son Eric V. She raised a
peasant army, which was defeated by Jaromar II at Næstved. After devastating Zealand, Scania and Lolland,[1]
he landed with his army
onBornholm, where he destroyed the royal fortress at Lilleborg.[2]
A woman seeking revenge stabbed him with a dagger on Bornholm, or in
Skane[3]
in 1260. It is unknown where he was buried; perhaps in Bergen auf Rügen Abbey or in Neuenkamp Abbey in Franzburg. The Jarmers
Tower on Jarmers Plads ("Jaromar Place") in Copenhagen is a monument, reminding us of the devastation Jaromar II brought to the city.
Jaromar II married Euphemia, a daughter of Swietopelk II, Duke of Pomerania. Together, they had three children: Vitslav II (1240-1302), his
successor, Margaret (c. 1247 – 1272), married Duke Eric I of Schleswig and Jaromar III (before 1249 – before 1285), co-ruler with Vitslav II.
Vitslav II (ca. 1240 – 1302), variously called Vislav, Vizlav, Wislaw, Wizlaw and Witslaw in English sources (German: Wizlaw II) was a prince of
Rügen from 1360 until his death in 1302. Vitslav was probably born between 1240 and 1245 as the son of Prince Jaromar II of Rügen and
Euphemia, a daughter of Duke Swantopolk II of East Pomerania. After his father, who had taken part on the side of the church in battles
in Denmark between the Danish royal house and the Archbishopric of Lund. When his father was stabbed to death by a woman in 1260 out of
revenge, Vitslav became the reigning Prince of Rügen. From the beginning of his reign Vitslav II maintained good relations with the Hanseatic
town of Lübeck, whose merchants he exempted from customs duties within his principality and with whom, in 1266, he renewed the existing
trade agreements. In 1269, he supported the town of Stralsund, located within his territory, by withdrawing rights from theSchadegard, built in
the immediate vicinity of Stralsund, and gave up the town founded in order to compete with Stralsund. Probably over claims to the dowry of his
mother, a daughter of Prince Swietopelk of East Pomerania, he succeeded in 1270 in gaining possession of the enfeoffment of Schlawe. Possibly
in the same year, but no later than 1271, he founded Rügenwalde, but sold his enfeoffments in 1277, after he had been driven out of the area in
1275 by Mestwin II. The territory of Schlawe (Schlawer Land) with its town and Rügenwalde went to Margrave John II, Otto IV and Conrad
of Brandenburg. On June 13, 1283, the Treaty of Rostock alliance (Rostocker Landfriedensbündnis) was agreed between the cities and towns of
Lübeck, Wismar Rostock, Stralsund, Greifswald,Stettin, Demmin and Anklam with Duke John I of Saxe-Lauenburg, the Mecklenburg
prince, Bogislaw IV of Pomerania and Vitslav II of Rügen. This alliance was clearly directed against Brandenburg. In 1283, Vitslav II was given
his territory as German fiefdom by the German king, Rudolf I of Habsburg, although the document probably referred only to the mainland
element. The Rügen-Danish fief relationship continued, as the regular participation of Vitslav II at the Danish court and his nomination as a

witness in Danish royal charters indicates. Among other things, he was present at the investigation of the murder of the King of Denmark Erik
Klipping. In 1285, he granted town rights to Tribsees. In 1290 the town of Stralsund was given the right of herring fishing on the Wittow and
commercial monopoly on the island of Rügen, which severely hampered, the development of trade and commerce, including the grain trade, in
the next few centuries. In 1288 Greifswald was given the Greifswald Saltworks and, in 1297, the right to build a port in Wieck by the mouth of
the Ryck. He extended the possessions of the monasteries located in the principality: Eldena and Neuenkamp Abbeys. Vitslav II married between
1263 and 1269 Agnes of Brunswick-Lüneburg, the daughter of Duke Otto I, the Child of Brunswick and Matilda of Brandenburg. The names of
four sons and four daughters are known from the Vitslav's testament dated 27 December 1302: Vitslav III of Rügen, co-regent from 1286,
Jaromar (born around 1267 – died 1294), rector at Stralsund St. Nicholas', later Bishop of Cammin from 1288 to 1294, Euphemia of Rügen (born
around 1280 – died 1321), married King Hakon V of Norway, Sambor (born around 1267 – died June 4, 1304), from 1302 co-regent with Vitslav
III, probably died in battles in Farther Pomerania (Hinterpommern), Margaret (born around 1270/71 – died 1318), married 1284 Duke Bogislaw
IV of Pomerania-Wolgast, Swantepolk (born around 1273 – died after 1285), Helena (born around 1271 – died August 9, 1315), married in 1288
Prince John III of Mecklenburg and secondly married in 1299 Prince Bernard II of Anhalt-Bernburg and Sophia (born around 1281 – died after
1302), only mentioned in the testament, lived with Euphemia in Norway
Sambor (died 1304) was a Prince of Rügen from 1302 until his death in 1304 joined with his brother Vitslav III.
Vitslav III (1265/8–1325), variously called Vislav, Vizlav, Wislaw, Wizlaw and Witslaw in English sources, was the last Slavic ruler of
the Danish Principality of Rugia from 1302 until his death in 1325 (joined with his brother Sambor until 1304). He is often identified with the
author of the Minnesinger Vitslav of the Jenaer Liederhandschrift. He was the son and successor of Vitslav II, and as such one of
the Wizlawids descended from Kruto of Wagria. Born in either 1263 or 1268, he is attested in a document of 1283. At his father's death in 1302,
Vitslav shared the throne of Rügen with his brother Sambor. There was rivalry between the two brothers, but Sambor died in 1304, and Wizlaw
ruled alone until his death in 1325. Vitslav had a daughter, Euphemia, and a son, Jaromar. But Jaromar died in May 1325, shortly before his
father, and Vitslav was facing the prospect of leaving no male heir. Rügen would have fallen to Vitslav's nephew, Wartislaw IV, but Wartislav
died in 1326, causing the Rügen war of succession. The Minnesinger Vitslav is likely identical with Vitslav III. There are 14 songs and 13 poems
by this author which are preserved as an addition to the Jenaer Liederhandschrift (foll. 72vb - 80vb).
Poljica Republic
The Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") was an autonomous community which existed in
the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia, near modern-day Omiš, Croatia. It was organized as a "peasants' republic",
and it's best known because of the Poljica Statute first written in 1440. The name poljica stems from the word polje for "field", karst polje in
particular, a common geographic feature in the area. The Poljica region was first titled "Republic" by the Venetian writer Alberto Fortis in 1774.
It was also known as Poglizza (in Italian). Poljica is divided into three zones: Upper Poljica (Zagorska), behind Mosor, is farthest from the Adriatic
Sea and is in the hinterland of Mosor; Middle Poljica (Zavrska), the largest part of Poljica (50%) extends from the Žrnovnica River to the Cetina
River at Zadvarje; Lower Poljica (Primorska), built on the remnants of the ancient Greek colony Eqetium, which extends along the sea from
Omiš to the village of Stobreč. Poljica area were also important to Croatian national renaissance on Croatian South, because the votes from
Poljica contributed a lot to the victory of the People's Party (Narodna stranka, the Croatian unionist party) in 1882 on the elections in Split
county, bringing the pro-Croat forces on ruling level. Recently the Republic was "re-established" as a cultural organization. The reigning prince
(veliki knez) is His Highness Petar Rodić. The title of the rulers of the Principality of Poljica was župan (count) at first, later changing
to knez (prince) and finally veliki knez (grand prince).
List of Župans of Poljica Republic
Dalizio (Dališ) was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned around 1070.
Visen (Uisono) was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned around in 1076 and in 1078.
Vratina (Uratina) was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned around 1070.1088
Kačić was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous community
which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned in early 12th century.
Gregor Ivanišević was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned around 1120.
Domaso Papalli was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned in 1144.
Alberti was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned around in 1145.

Michiel Francesco Ivancichio was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička
knežija") autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned in 1146.
Comulli Petracca was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned around in 1148.
Lovretić was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Ivan Papalli was a ruler (župan) of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
List of Princes of Poljica Republic
Tolen was a Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous community which
existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned around 1239.
Gregor Jurinić was a Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Jure Rajčić was a Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous community
which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from 1342 until 1350.
Dražoe was a Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous community which
existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned around 1350. He was also Lord of Kamengrad in
1350.
List of Grand princes of Poljica Republic
Grisogono was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned between 1444 and 1282.
Cindro was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous community
which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned between 1444 and 1482.
Alberti was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Petracca was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Dujam Papalić (Papalli) was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned between 1444 and
1482, in 1468 and in 1482 until 1483.
Arnerio Lovretić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Žane Žanić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Mijo Pocolić (also known as Kulišić) was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička
knežija") autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned in 1458.
Matija Tusčević Scinsić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned in 1459.
Komula Vitković was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
Stipan Mikulić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Dujam Maričić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous

Ivan Petrović was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from October 1499 until March
1500.
Marian Gregolić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Augustin Maričić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from February 15,
1503 until January or February 1504.
Ivan Jovanović was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from 1504 until 1511.
Ivaniš Nenada Dražoević was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from 1511 until
1546.
Ivan Augustinović (Dražoević) was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička
knežija") autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned five times
in the period 1512-1537 and from 1546 until 1567.
Jure Pavić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned in March 1537.
Radoš Sladoević was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned in 1541
Augustin Maričić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
Nikola Sudgić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Stipan Mikulić (Nikolić, Dražoević) was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička
knežija") autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from 1581
until 1605.
Pavo Pavić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Jure Pavić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from 1607 until 1609 and from
1632 until 1655.
Radoš Sudgić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Nikola Gojaković was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
Ivan Sikić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Jure Sinovčić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
1655 until 1676.
Pavo Sudgić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Stipan Bobetić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned one day on March 8, 1652.
Pavo Sučić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous

Ivaniš Novaković was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")
autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from 1678 until
1684.
Luka Sinovčić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Marko Barić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from 1701 until 1704, from 1708
until 1710, from 1712 until 1716, from 1740 until 1742 and from 1747 until 1760.
Marko Sinovčić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Ivan Sinovčić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned only one day on September 14,
1706 and from 1716 until 1717.
Jure Novaković was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned only one day on November 24,
1707.
Ivan Barić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
1717 until 1721,
Petar Barić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned only one day on August 11, 1711
Ivan Novaković was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
1742 until 1747.
Pavo Pavić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned only one day on October 28,
1728
Petar Sinovčić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Ivan Pavić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned only one day on July 20, 1756.
Frano Pavić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
1770 until 1777.
Ivan Gerončić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
1777 until 1778.
Andrija Barić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Ivan Sičić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
Matija Kružičević was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija")

Frano Pavić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned only one day on September 9,
1796.
Frano Gojselić was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned only one day on February 24,
1796
Grand princes during the period of the Austrian occupation of Dalmatia and during the period of the French occupation of Dalmatia
Marko Žuljević was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from November 18, 1797 until
March 25, 1798.
Matija Mianović was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from May 21, 1799 until
December 1, 1801
Ivan Čović was a Grand Prince of Poljica Republic or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form "Poljička knežija") autonomous
community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia. He reigned from April 23, 1803 until June
10, 1807 when the Principality of Poljica was abolished by the French.
County of Egmond
Egmond or Egmont family is named after the Dutch town of Egmond, province of Noord Holland, and played an important role in
the Netherlands during the Middle Ages. They were one of the principal noble families of the County of Holland during the Middle Ages. The
family rose to power due to its hereditary position as Voogd (Advocate) of the powerful Egmond Abbey in North Holland. They built their
residence in Egmond aan den Hoef and became the Lords of Egmond. Thanks to a number of judicious marriages they were able to add the
strategically important Lordship of IJsselstein and the semi-sovereign territory of the Lords of Arkel to their domains. The family achieved even
greater prominence in the period of Burgundian and Habsburg rule over the Netherlands. In the late 15th century, the senior branch became
the sovereignDukes of Guelders, whilst the younger branch split into the Counts of Egmond (elevated to become Princes of Gavere in 1553) and
the Counts of Buren and Leerdam. The senior branches of the family died out in the 16th and 17th centuries, but illegitimate branches (such as
that of the Bavarian Counts of Geldern-Egmond) flourished well into the 20th century. The execution of Lamoral, Count of Egmont in 1568
helped spark the Dutch Revolt that eventually led to the independence of the Netherlands, while Anna van Egmond-Buren, known as Anna van
Buren in the Netherlands, was the first wife of William the Silent, the leader of this national uprising. Ironically, in 1573 both the Egmond
Abbey and the Egmond Castle were destroyed on order of William the SIlent. The Irish Perceval family, which claims descent from the house of
Egmond, was admitted to the Irish peerage as Earls of Egmont in 1722.
Lords of Egmont
Radbold was a Lord of Egmont.
Wolbrand was a Lord of Egmont.
Dodo I was a Lord of Egmont.
Walger (died 1036) was a Lord of Egmont from ? until his death in 1036.
Dodo II (died 1074) was a Lord of Egmont from ? until his death in 1074.
Berwoud I, Beerwout (died 1114) was a Lord of Egmont from ? until his death in 1114.
Berwoud II, Beerwout (c. 1095 - 1158) was a Lord of Egmont from around 1095 until his death in 1158.
Albrecht, Albert (c. 1130 - 1168) was a Lord of Egmont from 1158 until his death in 1168.
Dodo III (c. 1130 - 1200) was a Lord of Egmont from 1168 until his death in 1200.
Walter I, Wouter (1158 - 1208) was a Lord of Egmont from 1200 until his death in 1208.
William I, Wiliem (c. 1180 - 1234) was a Lord of Egmont from 1208 until his death in 1234.
Gerard, Gerald I (c. 1200 - 1242) was a Lord of Egmont from 1234 until his death in 1242.

Willem, William (c. 1235 - 1304) was a Lord of Egmont from 1242 until his death in 1304. He was the son of Gerard, Lord of Egmond and an
unknown mother, possibly Beatrix, daughter of Wouter of Haarlem, or Mabilia. He became Lord of Egmond after his father's death around
Christmas 1242. Because he was still underaged, he was supervised by a regent, his second cousin Walter / Wouter "Stoutkind" ("naughty child")
van Egmont until 1248. In 1258, he transferred the ambachtsheerlijkheden of Spanbroek, Oudedorp, Oudkarspel and Wadeweij to Count Floris
V of Holland. In return he is enfeoffed with the heerlijkheid ofWarmhuizen. He purchased some territory to the North of Egmond,
near Huisduinen and Bergen and starts to develop this area in the following years. Willem participated in a campaign against Friesland in 1282
and was rewarded with tithes from the heerlijkheid of Hemert. John I, Count of Holland invited him over for John's wedding to Elizabeth of
Rhuddlan in 1297. Later in the year William's wife died, and Gerard, his only son, died in 1300. Upon his death in 1304, he was succeeded by his
grandson,William II. Willem was married to Ada, probably a daughter of Dirk I van Brederode. They had at least two children: Gerard (c. 1260–
1300), married Elisabeth van Strijen. Among their offspring were: William III, Lord of Egmond (1281 - 1312), Walter II, Lord of Egmond (1283 -
1321) and Halewina (born c. 1265), married Henry of Cuyk, burgrave of Leiden
William III, Wiliem (1281 - 1312) was a Lord of Egmont from 1304 until his death in 1312.
Walter II, Wouter (1283 - 1321) was a Lord of Egmont from 1312 until his death in 1321. He was the second surviving son of Gerald/Gerard II
of Egmond, who had died in 1300 before his own father William II, Lord of Egmond. Walter became Lord of Egmond when his older brother,
William III, died without offspring on 2 July 1312. Under his rule the relationships of the house with the Egmond Abbey were normalized.[1]
In
1315 he participated with 60 of his people in a military expedition to Flanders. Before 1310 he married Beatrijs van der Doirtoghe/Doortoge
(c. 1290 -11 September 1323) from Naaldwijk.[2]
with whom he had five surviving children: John I, Lord of Egmond (c. 1310 – 1369),
Walter/Wouter (* c. 1314), Yda (c. 1317 – 1366), Sofia (died c. 1319) and Gerald/Gerrit (c. 1320 – c. 1397).
John I, Jan (before 1310 – December 28, 1369) was Lord of Egmond from 1321 until his deah on December 28, 1369, Lord of IJsselstein, bailiff
of Kennemerland from 1353 until 1354 and stadtholder of Holland. He was a son of Walter II and his wife, Beatrix of Doortogne. He is first
mentioned in 1328, when he fights in the Battle of Cassel and accompanies Count William III of Holland to Flanders, to assist the Count of
Flanders suppressing a rebellion in Bruges and the surrounding area. In 1343, he is a member of a group of bailiffs who administer Holland
while the Count is travelling. In 1344, he is enfeoffed with Nieuwendoorn castle. He participated in the third crusade of Count William IV to
Prussia and in the Siege of Utrecht in 1345, but not in the disastrous Battle of Warns later that year. In subsequent years, he played an important
rôle in the politics of Holland. In 1350, he is one of the signatories of the Cod Treaty that set off the Hook and Cod wars. He fought in the Battle
of Naarden in 1350 and in the Battle of Zawrtewaal in 1351. He was then sent to England to mediate in the dispute between
Countess Margaret and her son, CountWilliam V, however, he was unsuccessful. After he returned to Holland, he began a campaign against the
citizens of Bunschoten in 1355. In the winter of 1356, he besieged the castle of Nyevelt, on the orders of the count, and took it after a seven-week
siege. In 1356, William V appointed him governor of the area above the Meuse, jointly with his brother Gerry. In 1358, William V was declared
insane by his brother Albert. John I was a member of the regency council. In 1359, he is one of the Cod leaders to sign a reconciliation with the
city of Delft. In 1363, his father-in-law, Lord Arnold of IJsselstein died and John I inherited the Lordship of IJsselstein. He died in 1369 and was
buried in the church of IJsselstein. He married Guida of IJsselstein and had the following children: Arnold (c. 1337– 1409), his successor, Gerry,
Albert, a canon in Utrecht, Beatrix, married Ghisbert of Vianen, Bearte, Maria (d. c. 1384), married Philip IV of Wassenaer, Catherine, married
Bartholomew of Raephorst, Antonia, abbess in 's-Hertogenbosch, Elisabeth and Greta
Arnold I of Egmond, in Dutch Arnoud, Arend, or Arent van Egmond, (c. 1337 – April 9, 1409) was Lord of Egmond and IJsselstein from
1368 until his death on April 9, 1409. He was the son of John I of Egmond and his wife, Guida of IJsselstein. From 1372, he was a member of the
minstrial council of Albert of Bavaria. In 1394 he founded a Cistercian monastery outside the walls of IJsselstein. In Egmond aan den Hoef he
renovated the chapel at the ancestral castle, surrounded the castle with a moat, and had a canal dug to connect it with Alkmaar. In 1396, he
participated in the military campaign in West Friesland. In 1398, he was enfeoffed with the Lordships of Ameland and De Bilt. He was
commander of the Dutch troops that were tasked with stabilizing Frisia. There was a discord with Count William VI of Holland, because Arnold
supported the Cod side in the Hook and Cod wars. Arnold died at the age of 72 and was buried in the monastery at IJsselstein. Arnold married
Jolanthe of Leiningen (d. 24 April 1434, the daughter of Frederick VII of Leiningen-Dagsburg and Jolanthe of Gulik). They had two surviving
sons: John II (c. 1385–1451), his successor and William (c. 1387–1451)
John II (c. 1385 – January 4, 1451) was a Lord of Egmont from 1409 until his death on January 4, 1451. He was the son of Arnold I of Egmond
(d. April 9, 1409, the son of John I and Guida D'Armstall) and Jolanthe of Leiningen (d. April 24, 1434, the daughter of Frederick VII of Leningen
and Jolanthe of Jülich). On June 23, 1409 John married Maria van Arkel daughter of John V van Arkel and Joanna of Jülich, and had two sons:
Arnold, Duke of Guelders and William IV, Count of Egmond.
William IV, Wiliem (January 26, 1412 – January 19, 1483) was Lord of Egmont, IJsselstein, Schoonderwoerd and
Haastrecht from 1451 until his death on January 19, 1483 and Stadtholder of Guelders. William was a son of John II, Lord
of Egmond and Maria van Arkel, and a younger brother of Arnold, Duke of Gelderland. He travelled with his brothers to
the Holy Land (1458–1464) and was received in Rome by Pope Pius II. William stayed most of the time in Guelders,
where he supported his brother against his nephew Adolf of Egmond. After the incarceration of his brother, William led
the pro-Burgundy party. When Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy took over power in Guelders in 1473, he made
William Stadtholder. In 1477 Mary of Burgundy included William in her Great Council of Mechelen and made him
Knight in the order of the Golden Fleece one year later. William married on January 22, 1437 with Walburga of Meurs
and had 4 daughters and 3 sons: John III of Egmont, stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and West-Friesland; Frederik of
Egmont, count of Buren; William of Egmont jr., stadtholder of Guelders, Anna, married Bernard van Bentheim, Elisabeth,
married Gijsbrecht van Bronckhorst, Walburgia, a nun and Margeretha, married Jan van Merode.
Counts of Egmont

John III of Egmont (or Egmond) (Hattem, April 3, 1438 – Egmond, August 21, 1516) was first Count of Egmont from
1483 until his death on August 21, 1516, Lord of Baer, Lathum, Hoogwoude, Aarstwoude, Purmerend, Purmerland and
Ilpendam , from 1483 until his death on August 21, 1516 and Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and West-Friesland. John was
a son of William II of Egmont and Walburga van Meurs. As his father, he supported the pro-Burgundian party in the battle
for controle of Guelders. When Charles the Boldcame to power in Guelders, John was made bailiff of West-Friesland and
governor of Arnhem in 1474. For his role in the Hook and Cod wars, Maximilian of Austria made him Stadtholder of
Holland, Zeeland and West-Friesland in 1483, a function he held until 1515. He also became Knight in the order of
the Golden Fleece. In 1491 he was confronted with the Bread and Cheese Revolt, a popular uprising in West-Friesland,
which he crushed with the support of Albert III, Duke of Saxony. Some portraits of John of Egmont are kept in
the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam and the Centraal Museum of Utrecht. A diptych, painted by the Master of Alkmaar, is kept in the Metropolitan
Museum of Art of New York. John married in 1484 with Magdalena van Werdenburg, a cousin of Maximilian of Austria, and had 10 children,
amongst whom: Walburga of Egmont (1490–1529), first wife of William I, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, father of William of Orange, John
IV (1499–1528), his successor and George (ca. 1504 - 1559), Bishop of Utrecht.
John IV of Egmont (or Egmond) (1499 – Ferrara, April 1528) was the second Count of Egmont and Lord of Baer, Purmerend, Purmerland
and Ilpendam from 1516 until his death in April 1528. John was the eldest surviving son of John III of Egmont and Magdalena van Werdenburg.
In 1516 he succeeded his father as Count of Egmont and was made a Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece. Charles V, Holy Roman
Emperor made him in 1527 head of the light infantry in Naples and Milan. One year later, John died near Ferrara, aged 29. John married in
1516, in Brussels, Françoise van Luxemburg, daughter of James II of Luxemburg. They had three children: Margaretha (1517 – Bar-le-Duc,
married Nicolas, Duke of Mercœur (1524–1577) and mother of Louise of Lorraine, Queen consort of France, Charles (died in Cartagena on
December 7, 1541, after falling ill during the failed Algiers expedition), third count of Egmont and Lamoraal (1522–1568), fourth Count of
Egmont.
Charles I of Egmont, Karel (died December 7, 1541) was the third Count of Egmont and Lord of Baer, Purmerend, Purmerland and
Ilpendam from 1528 until his death on December 7, 1541.
Lamoral, Count of Egmont, Prince of Gavere (November 18, 1522 – June 5, 1568) was the third Count of Egmont and
Lord of Baer, Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam from 1541 until his death on June 5, 1568. He was a general and
statesman in the Habsburg Netherlands just before the start of the Eighty Years' War, whose execution helped spark the
national uprising that eventually led to the independence of the Netherlands. The Count of Egmont was at the head of
one of the wealthiest and most powerful families in the Low Countries. Paternally, a branch of the Egmonts ruled the
sovereign duchy of Guelders until 1538. Lamoral was born in La Hamaide near Ellezelles. His father was John IV of
Egmont, knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece. His mother belonged to a cadet branch of the House of Luxembourg,
and through her he inherited the title prince de Gavere. During his youth, he received a military education in Spain. In
1542, he inherited the estates of his elder brother Charles in Holland. His family's stature increased further in 1544
when, at Spires, in the presence of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and of the Archduke Ferdinand I, he married
the Countess Palatine Sabine of Simmern, whose brother became theElector Palatine Frederick III. In the service of the
Spanish army, he defeated the French in the battles of Saint-Quentin (1557) and Gravelines (1558). Egmont was appointed stadtholder of
Flanders and Artois in 1559, aged only 37. As a leading Netherlandic nobleman, Egmont was a member of King Philip II of Spain's
official Council of State for Flanders and Artois. Together with William, Prince of Orange and the Count of Horn, he protested against the
introduction of the inquisition in Flanders by the cardinal Antoine Perrenot Granvelle, bishop of Arras. Egmont even threatened to resign, but
after Granvelle left, there was a reconciliation with the king. In 1565, running short of funds as he had continued the representation of the Low
Countries entirely from his own pocket, Egmont went to Madrid to beseech Philip II, the king of Spain, for a change of policy in the
Netherlands, but met with little more than courtesy. Soon thereafter, the 'Beeldenstorm' started, the massive iconoclasm of Catholic churches in
the Netherlands, and resistance against the Spanish rule in the Netherlands increased. As a devout Catholic, Egmont deplored the iconoclasm,
and remained faithful to the Spanish king. After Philip II sent the Duke of Alba to the Netherlands, William of Orange decided to flee Brussels.
Having always declined to do anything that smacked of lèse majesté, Egmont refused to heed Orange's warning; thus he and Horn decided to
stay in the city. Upon arrival, Alba almost immediately had the counts of Egmont and Horn arrested on charges of heresy, and imprisoned them
in a castle in Ghent, prompting Egmont's wife and eleven children to seek refuge in a convent. Pleas for amnesty came to the Spanish king from
throughout Europe, including from many reigning sovereigns, the Order of the Golden Fleece (both being knights of the Order, and thereby
theoretically immune from trial by any but their peers of the Order), and the king's kinsman the Emperor Maximilian II, all to no avail. On June
4, 1568 Egmont and Horn were condemned to death, and lodged that night in the maison du roi. On June 5, 1568, both men, aged only 46 and 44
respectively, were beheaded in the Grand Place in Brussels, Egmont's uncomplaining dignity on the occasion being widely noted. Their deaths
led to public protests throughout the Netherlands, and contributed to the resistance against the Spaniards. The Count of Egmont lies buried
in Zottegem.[3]
His castle in Egmond aan den Hoef was destroyed in 1573 and a statue in his memory is erected on the site of the ruins.
Nowadays, a statue erected on the Petit Sablon / Kleine Zavel Square in Brussels commemorates the Counts of Egmont and Horn, in historical
overview usually mentioned together as "Egmond en Hoorne" and hailed as the first leaders of the Dutch revolt, as the predecessors of William
of Orange, who grew to importance and obtained the leadership after their execution, and who was assassinated in 1584 in Delft, having
succeeded in liberating parts of The Netherlands in the early years of the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648). Egmont's offices and vast estates were
forfeited upon his execution, escheating to the Prince-Bishop of Liège. By inheritance he had been count of Egmont (or Egmond), prince de
Gavre and van Steenhuysen, baron de Fiennes, Gaesbeke and La Hamaide, seigneur de Purmerent, Hoogwoude, Aertswoude, Beyerland,
Sottenghien, Dondes, Auxy and Baer. Some of these lands were eventually returned to his heirs by the Bishop, principally in 1600. By
appointment, he was Captain General of the Lowlands under Charles V, knight of theGolden Fleece from 1546, and Imperial Chamberlain.
Despite the taint of treason and the family's impoverishment, his niece Louise of Lorraine-Mercouer, was chosen to became the Queen
consort of Henry III of France in 1575. The Count of Egmont is the main character in a play by Goethe, Egmont. In 1810 Ludwig van
Beethoven composed an overture and incidental music for a revival of the play.
Philip, (Filips) Count of Egmont (1558 – Ivry March 14, 1590) was the fifth Count of Egmont, prince of Gavere 1568 until his death on March
14, 1590 and last Lord of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam from 1568 until 1582. He was the eldest son and successor of Lamoral, Count of
Egmont, who was beheaded by the Spanish in 1568 in Brussels. William of Orange was his guardian, and the first years of his military career,
Philip fought in the army of the Dutch rebels. He was present in the lost Battle of Gembloux in 1578. But in 1579, Philip broke off all contact

with William of Orange and offered his services to King Philip II of Spain, for whom he reconquered several cities. For this he was made a
Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece. He was killed in 1590 in the Battle of Ivry against the new King Henry IV of France. Philip had
married on September 27, 1579 with Marie of Horne. They had no children. He was succeeded by his younger brother Lamoral.
Lamoral II (died 1617) was the sixth Count of Egmont from 1590 until his death in 1617.
Charles II (died 1620) was the seventh Count of Egmont from 1617 until his death in 1620.
Louis (1600 - 1654) was the eighth Count of Egmont from 1620 until his death in 1654.
Louis Philip (1630 - 1682) was the ninth Count of Egmont from 1654 until his death in 1682.
Zutphen County
Zutphen county, in the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands, was formed in the eleventh century as a fief of theBishop of Utrecht. It was
ruled by the Counts of Zutphen between 1018 and 1182, and then formed a personal union withGuelders. Later, it became one of the 4 quarters
of Guelders. The name Graafschap (county) is still used for theAchterhoek, the region east of Zutphen, and for the football club De
Graafschap from this region.
Gottschalk of Zutphen, also Gottschalk of Twente (died around 1063 ) was Count in Agradingau, Emsgau , Hettergau of Twente in
Westphalia, and, from 1046 until his death around 1063, Count in the northern Hamaland with capital Zutphen, after which the area was then
called the county of Zutphen. He is a son of Hermann von Nifterlake. It occurs from 1026 as Count of Twente within the Duchy of Lower
Lorraine, and married before 1046 Adelheid , daughter of Ludolf of brewing hamlet from the family of Ezzonen , and brings Mathilde von
Hammerstein , the Zutphen and parts of the maternal inheritance into the marriage. Through the marriage Gottschalk is also Vogt of the pins
Munster, Borg Horst and Brauweiler. In 1046, after the suppression of the uprising of the Duke Lower Lorraine Godfrey III and its deposition, he
was giving the Emperor Henry III the northern Hamaland the bishop of Utrecht. The Lords of Zutphen and the Bishops of Utrecht had
concerning the tithe of some cities an old dispute, which was settled in 1059. In a forged document from the same year, he is referred to as
dominant Sutphaniensis opiddi, lord of the city of Zutphen . In 1063 he helped Adalbert of Bremen, Archbishop of Hamburg and Bremen in the
Christianization of the submission of some vassals and friezes. He died a short time later. He had following children with Adelaide: Gebhard,
Count of Twente (Gerhard I van Loen), Otto the Rich, Count of Zutphen (died1113) married Judith of Arnstein and Gumbert ( Humbert) monk
of Corvey, and then in Abdinghofkloster in Paderborn. Search Donald C. Jackman According to belong to his children also: Gottschalk II, Lord
of Gennep and Herbert, Lord of Millen, the father of Norbert of Xanten, founder of the Premonstratensian
Otto II, Otto the Rich (c.1050 – 1113) was a Count of Zutphen from 1063 until his death in 1113. He was a Dutch nobleman from the early 12th
century. Otto was the son of Gottschalk, Count of Zutphen and Adelheid of Zutphen. Otto's maternal grandfather may be Otto of Hammerstein,
who may have been the first count of Zutphen. Alternatively Adelheid may be a daughter of Ludolf of Zutphen and Mathilda of Hammerstein
(daughter of Otto of Hammerstein). Otto, known as "the rich", married Judith of Arnstein. They had four children: Henry II, Count of
Zutphen (died before 1134) married Mathilde of Beichlingen, daughter of Kuno, Count of Beichlingen and Kunigunde of Weimar, Dirk
(Diederik) of Zutphen (died before 1134). Bishop of Munster, Gerard (died before 1134) and Ermengarde of Zutphen married 1) Gerard II, Count
of Guelders and 2) Conrad II, Count of Luxembourg, son of William I, Count of Luxembourg and Luitgard von Beichlingen. Ermengarde was
Countess of Zutphen from 1122 to 1138.
Henry I (c. 1080 - around 1120) was Count of Zutphen from 1113 until his death around 1120. His father was Count Otto II of Zutphen. From
1105 he led by his father the title of count. They were entrusted with the advocacy of Corvey , which they owed to their relationship with the
Count of Northeim. Henry married a daughter of Count Kuno of Beichlingen , a younger brother of Count Henry of Northeim, who had the
royal fief Oosterschelde and Westergo. After his death in 1107 he exchanged the fief Alzey against the two Frisian counties. In 1114 he was
involved in the rebellion against Emperor Henry V. In 1118 he was last mentioned. Was the extinction of the male line of his family to a
reversion to the Bishop of Utrecht, Zutphen result. To maintain the impression of an uninterrupted succession , was of made of the Utrecht
bishops Dietrich of Winzenburg, Bishop of Münster (1118-1127), listed as brother and heir of the late Count Henry I. The inheritance passed to
his sister Ermengarde of Zutphen.
Ermengarde of Zutphen (died 1138) was countess of Zutphen from 1122 until her death in 1138, succeeding her elder brother Henry II,
Count of Zutphen (her other two brothers had taken holy orders and died respectively). Their parents were Otto II, Count of Zutphen and Judith
of Arnstein. She first married around 1116 to Gerard II (died 1131), count of Guelders and of Wassenberg, and had: Henry I (died 1182), count of
Guelders and of Zutphen, Adélaïde, married Ekbert, count of Tecklenburg and Salomé (died 1167), married Henry I, count of Wildeshausen
Widowed, she remarried to Conrad II († 1136), count of Luxembourg, but the marriage remained childless.
Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam
The Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam (Dutch: "vrije en hoge heerlijkheid") was a type of local jurisdiction with many
rights. As a free and high Fief, itself was an independent (semisouverain Fief) of the province Holland. In 1410 the Fief was founded for Willem
Eggert, the advisor of William II, Duke of Bavaria, count of Holland. Since 1678 the heerlijkheid was a possession of the prominent family De
Graeff from Amsterdam. When the French introduced the municipal system in the Netherlands, the rights of the heerlijkheid were largely
abolished, although the heerlijkheid itself existed until the early 20th century.

Eggert Dynasty
Willem Eggert, (Amsterdam, 1360 - Purmerend, July 15, 1417) was the founder and the first Lord of Free and high
Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of the province Holland from 1410 until
his death on July 15, 1417. He was a Dutch politician, noble, banker and schepen of Amsterdam. He owned much land
in Weesp, Monni ckendam, Oosthuizen, Aalsmeer and Wognum. Eggert was the son of the rich landholder Jan Eggert. In
1392 he became advisor to Albert I, Duke of Bavaria, count of Holland. In 1404 he was made treasurer of Amsterdam.
Eggert was the financier to the count and a powerful member in Holland. In 1410 Eggert was styled 1st Lord of the free
and high fief Purmerend and Purmerland. In the same year he was allowed, by count William VI of Holland, to build his
own fortified castle, Slot Purmerstein. Constructions on the castle finished in 1413. Between 1416 and 1417 Eggert was
named a stadtholder of Holland. His son Jan Eggert succeeded his father as Lord of Purmerend and Purmerland.
Jan Eggert was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of the
province Holland from 1417 until 14??
Jan, Bastard of Bavaria was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of the
province Holland during 1420s.
Willem Eggert II was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of the
province Holland during 1420s.
Gerrit van Zijl (died 1430) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of
the province Holland from 1430 until his death in 1440.
Montfoort Dynasty
Johan van Montfoort (died 1449) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain
Fief) of the province Holland from 1440 until his death in 1449 and Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and
high' fief, now part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1423 until 1448.
Hendrik van Montfoort was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of
the province Holland from1449 until 14?? and Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1448 until 1459.
Jan III van Montfoort (or Johan van Montfoort), (ca. 1448 – March 28, 1522) was Viscount of Montfoort from 1459 until his death on March
28, 1522, Lord of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1459 until
1481/82, Lord of Purmerend-Purmerland independent (semisouverain Fief) of the province Holland from 1459 until 1481, and a leader of
the Hook Party in the Bishopric of Utrecht. He was the son of Henry IV van Montfoort and Margretha van Croy. Jan van Montfoort opposed the
Burgundian rule of the Utrecht in the person of Bishop David of Burgundy. This led to the First Utrecht Civil War between 1470–1474 and
the Second Utrecht Civil War between 1481–1483. After the Siege of Utrecht (1483) peace was concluded but Jan van Montfoort lost his Fiefs of
Purmerend-Purmerland and Zuid-Polsbroek, which were confiscated and given to nobles close to Maximilian of Austria. Van Montfoort
supported Frans van Brederode during his failed rebellion between 1488–1490. Van Montfoort died in 1522 and was buried in the church
of Montfoort. Jan married on December 16, 1475 with Wilhelmina van Naaldwijk. They had: Zweder van Montfoort (1471/72 – before 1500) one
of the leaders of the 1488–1490 rebellion, Machteld van Montfoort (1475–1550), Barbara van Montfoort (1480–1527), married Maximilian of
Horne, Lord of Gaasbeek, Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece. Jan remarried on June 12, 1509 with Charlotte van Brederode, and had:
Joost van Montfoort (1510–1539), married Anna van Lalaing (1509–1602) and Hendrik V van Montfoort (1512–1555), married Anna van Glymes
van Bergen (1525–1545), daughter of Anton of Glymes, Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece.
Banning and Hoft Dynasty
Banning Cocq Volkert Overlander (also Volcker and Volckert Overlander) (October 7, 1570 – October
18,1630) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain
Fief) of the province Holland from 1618 until his death on October 18, 1630. He was a Dutch noble, jurist, ship-
owner, merchant and an Amsterdam regent from the Dutch Golden Age. Volkert was born in Amsterdam, the son
of Nicolaes Overlander and Catharina Sijs. He studies law at the University of Leiden and finished at the University
of Basel in 1595. In 1599 he married to Geertruid Hooft; his sister Gertruid (1577–1653) married Geertruids
brother Pieter Jansz Hooft. The couple had ten children; Maria Overlander van Purmerland ∞ Frans Banning
Cocq and Geertruid Overlander (1609–1634) ∞ Cornelis de Graeff. Volkert lived with his family at the cityhouse De
Dolphijn. In 1602 he became one of the founders of the Dutch East Trading Company. Between 1614 and 1621
Volkert became a councillor of the Admiralty of Amsterdam. In 1618 Volkert bought the Free and High Fief
Ilpendam and Purmerland from the Creditor from theCount of Egmond. He built the castle of Ilpenstein in 1622.
He was made first Dijkgraaf of the Purmer in early 1620s. He became an English knight in 1620. In the years 1621
and 1628 Volkert became mayor of Amsterdam. Between 1628 and 1629 Volkert became an advisor of the States of Holland and West Friesland.
He owned 150.000 Guilder. He died in Den Haag, aged 60.
Geertruid Hooft (died 1636) was a Lady of Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam from 1630 until her death in 1636.

Frans Banning Cocq (1600–1655) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam
independent (semisouverain Fief) of the province Holland from 1636 until his death in 1655. He was
a burgemeester (mayor) of Amsterdam in the mid-17th century. He is best known as the central figure in Rembrandt's
masterpiece The Night Watch. Cocq was the only son of an Amsterdam pharmacist. He studied law in France but
returned to Amsterdam and became captain of the militia there. In 1630 he married Maria Overlander van Purmerland,
the only surviving child of Volkert Overlander, merchant, ship owner, knight, one of the founders of the Dutch East
Trading Company and a few times burgemeester (mayor) of Amsterdam. When Volckert died, Banning Cocq inherited
his properties north of Amsterdam along with the title Lord of Purmerland and Ilpendamand lord of the castle of
Ilpenstein. In 1632 he became commissioner of a college and sometime around 1650 he was named burgemeester
(mayor) of Amsterdam. He was also an advisor to his brothers in law Cornelis and Andries de Graeff, and died around
1655. Banning Cocq's tomb chapel is located in the Oude Kerk. Banning Cocq is known today primarily for a painting commissioned
from Rembrandt van Rijn which shows Cocq and the company of civil guards he commanded. Although known as The Night Watch, this is not
the original title; at that time it was in fact unusual to title paintings but if indeed it had a name, the more correct one would be "The Company
of Captain Frans Banning Cocq and Lieutenant Willem van Ruytenburch". The painting is notable, among other things, for its huge size:
approximately 3.35 m x 4.26 m (11 ft by 14 ft).
Maria Overlander van Purmerland (Amsterdam, June 24, 1603 - January 27, 1678) was a Lady of Free and high
Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of the province Holland from 1655
until her death on January 27, 1678. She was a noble from the Dutch Golden Age. Maria Overlander was the daughter
of Volkert Overlander and Geertruid Hooft. At the age of 27 she married Frans Banning Cocq. The couple lived at the
house De Dolphijn and resided at their castle Ilpenstein. Jan Vos wrote a poem to Maria. In 1655 she became Lady of
the Free and high Fief Purmerland and Ilpendam. Maria owned 87,000 Guilder. Her tomb chapel is located in the Oude
Kerk.
Catharina Pietersdr. Hooft (December 28, 1618, Amsterdam – September 30, 1691, Ilpendam) was a Lady of Free
and high Fief of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of the province Holland from
1678 until her death on September 30, 1691. She was a woman of the Dutch Golden Age. She became famous at a very
early age, when she was painted by Frans Hals. At the age of sixteen she married Cornelis de Graeff, nineteen years her
senior and the most powerful regent and mayor of Amsterdam. Thus she became first lady of Soestdijk, one of the
family's country houses. Catharina Hooft was also a Lady of the High and free Fief of Purmerland and Ilpendam. Her
father Pieter Jansz Hooft was a nephew of the Amsterdam mayor Cornelis Pietersz. Hooftand related to the
renowned P.C. Hooft of the Muiderslot - a wealthy citizen. Her mother, Geertruid Overlander (daughter of Lord Volkert
Overlander), was forty-one and she and her husband had given up hope of having children when Catharina was born. On
August 14, 1635 Catharina married Cornelis de Graeff, an older widower, whose first wife had been Catharina's cousin
(her father's sister's child). The couple had themselves painted in princely fashion, in proper black with golden chains.
Catharina bore two sons: Pieter and Jacob. When stadholderWilliam II died in 1650, ten years later followed by his wife,
Cornelis de Graeff was made one of the guardians of the 10-year old William, the "Child of the State", who played with Catharina's sons. By
the Act of Seclusion William was not allowed to accede and power remained in the regents hands. Opposite the De Graeffs' house lived the
powerful anti-Orangist Bicker family, consisting of Catharina’s brother-in-law and sister-in-law and their four daughters, one of whom married
Catharina’s nephew, raadspensionaris Jan de Witt. Catharina was widowed in 1664 and when, in 1672, William stepped out of the shadows to
become general and stadholder, she changed political tack and - with her sons - became a supporter of the House of Orange. William bought the
de Graeff hunting lodge and its surrounding fields, now the Soestdijk Palace, for only 18,755 guilder. Catharina outlived her husband for thirty
years. She was buried in Amsterdam on October 6, 1691.
De Graeff Dynasty
Jacob de Graeff (June 28, 1642 in Amsterdam – April 21, 1690) was the 20.th Lord of the Free and high Fief
Ilpendam and Purmerland independent (semisouverain Fief) of the province Holland from 1678 until his death on
April 21, 1690. He was a member of the De Graeff-family from the Dutch Golden Age. He was an
Amsterdam Regent. Jacob de Graeff was a member of a family of regents who belonged to the republican political
movement also referred to as the ‘state oriented’, as opposed to theRoyalists. Jacob was the son of Cornelis de
Graeff and Catharina Hooft, and the younger brother of Pieter de Graeff. In 1648 Jacob laid the foundation stone for
the new city hall on the Dam. Joost van den Vondel wrote a poem to Jacobs Foundation stone. During the summers
the family spent a lot of their time at the Palace Soestdijk, and he and his brother played with the young William III
of Orange – who later became King of England, Scotland and Ireland and stadtholder of the United Provinces of the
Netherlands – at the lake and woods at Soestdijk. After he finished his studies at the University of Harderwijk he
returned bag to Amsterdam. In 1666 he married to Maria van der Does. Maria died 3 months later and they had no
children. In 1672 Jacob became a member of the Government of the City of Amsterdam. He was a political advisor
to his cousin Johan De Witt. In therampjaar 1672, after the death of the brothers De Witt and the raise of the House
of Orange, the republican-minded faction of the De Graeff family included Jacob and Pieter, their uncle Andries de Graeff and their
nephew Lambert Reynst, lost their political positions. In 1674 Jacob sold the hunting lodge and its surrounding fields, now the Soestdijk Palace,
for only 18,755 Guilder to William III, and became one of the princes captains in the battle at Reibach near Bonn. In the same year Jacob owned
260.000 Guilder. About that he was one of the richest persons from the Dutch Golden Age. Jacob was like his father Cornelis a man who
surrounded himself with art and beauty. He was an art collector and patron to some famous artists. Jacob was painted by Gerard Ter

Borch, Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruisdael, Thomas de Keyser, Karel Dujardin and Jan Victors and sing by the poet Joost van den Vondel. Jacob
owned the castle Ilpenstein. He died 1690; his tomb chapel is to be found in the Oude Kerk at Amsterdam.
Pieter de Graeff (August 15, 1638 – June 3, 1707) was the Lord of the semi-sovereign Fief Zuid-
Polsbroek from 1664 until his death on June 3, 1707 and the Lord of the Free and high Fief Ilpendam and
Purmerland independent (semisouverain Fief) of the province Holland from 1691 until his death on June 3,
1707. He was a member of the De Graeff-family from the Dutch Golden Age. He was an
Amsterdam Regent during the late 1660s and the early 1670s. He was also President of the Dutch East Indies
Company from 1664 until 1707. Pieter de Graeff was a member of a family of regents who belonged to
the republican political movement also referred to as the ‘state oriented’, as opposed to the Royalists. Pieter was
born in Amsterdam, the son of Cornelis de Graeff and Catharina Hooft, and the older brother of Jacob de Graeff.
Both, Pieters father Cornelis and his uncle Andries de Graeff, were very critical of the Orange family’s influence.
Together with the Republican political leader Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt, the De Graeff-family strived for
the abolition of stadtholdership. They desired the full sovereignty of the individual regions in a form in which
the Republic of the United Seven Netherlands was not ruled by a single person. Instead of a sovereign (or
stadtholder) the political and military power was lodged with the States General and with the regents of the
cities in Holland. During the two decades the De Graeff family had a leading role in the Amsterdam
administration, the city was at the peak of its political power. This period was also referred to by Republicans as the ‘Ware Vrijheid’ (True
Freedom). It was the First Stadtholderless Periodwhich lasted from 1650 to 1672. During these twenty years, the regents from Holland and in
particular those of Amsterdam, controlled the republic. The city was flush with self-confidence and liked to compare itself to the famous
Republic of Rome. Even without a stadtholder, things seemed to be going well for the Republic and its regents both politically and economically.
In 1655 Pieter went together with Joan Huydecoper I and his eldest son Joan on a diplomatic mission to the Prince-elector Frederick William of
Brandenburg, to look for support against the war with Sweden. During the summers the family spent a lot of their time at the Palace Soestdijk,
and the brothers De Graeff played with the youngWilliam III of Orange – who later became King of
England, Scotland and Ireland and stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands – at the lake and woods at Soestdijk. After Pieter did
a Grand Tour through France and England, he married his niece Jacoba Bicker, like himself a cousin of the brothers Cornelis and Johan de
Witt. Joost van den Vondel wrote a poem to Pieter and Jacoba's marriage at De Graeff's castle Ilpenstein. In the year 1662 Pieter de Graeff
became a member of the vroedschap of the City of Amsterdam. In 1664, after the death of his father Cornelis, he became an chief
administrator of the VOC. During the 1660s De Graeff became one of the guardians from William III of Orange. De Graeff was also an advisor
and a close friend to Johan De Witt, and after De Witts death in the rampjaar 1672 he became the guardian over his five children. After the death
of the brothers De Witt and the raise of the House of Orange and Gillis Valckenier, Pieter, his uncle Andries de Graeff and his nephew Lambert
Reynst lost their political positions. Like his father Cornelis, Pieter de Graeff was also a man who surrounded himself with art and beauty. He
was an art collector and patron to the artists Gerard Ter Borch, Jan Lievens, Karel Dujardin, Caspar Netscher and the poet Joost van den Vondel.
Prof. C.W. Fock of the University of Leiden describes in her work – Het stempel van de bewoner – Pieter de Graeffs art-collection and lifestyle.
He stand also in close correspondence to Johan de Witt, Jacob Boreel, Van den Vondel, the painter Jan Lievens and
the mathematician, astronomer and physicist Christiaan Huygens. From Pieter de Graeff diaries have been preserved. He made several notes on
negotiations and payments from his possessions. He encountered some problems with the famous graphical artist Romeyn de Hooghe, who was
going to draw an artistic map of De Graeffs estate Valkenburg. Besides he had some maps coloured by the artist David Reerigh, who also
coloured several maps of the Hoogheemraadschap of Rijnland of 1687. De Graeff also filled forty almanacs, or some 1600 pages, between 1664
and 1706. Pieter de Graeff died at June 3, 1707; his tomb chapel is to be found in the Oude Kerk at Amsterdam.
Cornelis de Graeff (August 23, 1671, Amsterdam – February 16, 1719, Ilpendam) was a Lord of the Free and high Lordship Purmerland and
Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of the province Holland from 1707 until his death on February 16, 1719. He was a member of the
family De Graeff, a prominent regent family from the Dutch Golden Age. His parents were Pieter de Graeff and Jacoba Bicker, his younger
brother was Johan de Graeff, the Lord of the semisouverain Lordship Zuid-Polsbroek. Cornelis never married. Cornelis de Graeff was a Canon of
St. Pieter at Utrecht. Most of the time he resided at his castle Ilpenstein. He also owned Bronstee, a country estate near Heemstede. At Ilpenstein
castle De Graeff had a famous art collection, including Rembrandts Jacob Blessing the Sons of Joseph (the sitters were Wendela de Graeff and
her two sons) and the Portrait of Andries de Graeff.[1]
The two famous paintings, both by Rembrandt, can be seen today
at Wilhelmshöhe in Kassel. De Graeff also owned Frans Halsens painting Catharina Hooft with her Nurse.
Agneta de Graeff was a Lady of the Free and high Lordship Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of the
province Holland in 1721.
Elisabeth Lestevenon (died 1766) was a Lady of the Free and high Lordship Purmerland and Ilpendam independent (semisouverain Fief) of
the province Holland from 1752 until her death in 1766.
Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek
The Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek (Dutch: "vrije en hoge heerlijkheid") was a semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Zuid-Polsbroek, or Polsbroek, was an allodium [1]
and a free and high heerlijkheid, a type of local
jurisdiction with many rights. Since 1155 the lords of Polsbroek are able to speak the high (blood court) [3]
middle and low justice over their
territory. Zuid-Polsbroek was a half-independent (semi-sovereign) entity of the provinces Holland or Utrecht, like the larger Barony of

IJsselstein to the east. During the late middleages it became unsure if Zuid-Polsbroek belong to the States of Holland or to the province (unie)
of Utrecht. Polsbroek paid their dutys to the States of Holland. When the French introduced the municipal system in the Netherlands in 1807,
the rights of the heerlijkheid were largely abolished, although the heerlijkheid itself existed until the early 20th century. The fief of (Zuid-)
Polsbroek was first ruled by the Lords of Arkel since the early 11th century. In later years Polsbroek was ruled by the lords of Woerden van Vliet
(until 1423), Viscounts of Montfoort (1423-1481/82), Lords of Bergen from the House of Glymes (1481/82 until 1566), the House of Ligne (from
1566 to 1568) and their following House of Arenberg-Ligne(from 1568 to 1610). Since 1610 the heerlijkheid was a possession of
the regentenfamily De Graeff from Amsterdam. When the French introduced the municipal system in the Netherlands in 1795, the rights of the
heerlijkheid were largely abolished, although the heerlijkheid itself existed until the early 20th century.
Lords of Zuid – Polsbroek
Foppe van Arkel (died 1008) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from ? until his death in 1008.
Johan I van Arkel (died 1034) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1008 until his death in 1034.
Johan II van Arkel (died 1077) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
Johan III van Arkel (died 1115/18) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1077 until his death in 1115/18.
Folpert van Arkel van der Leede (died 1140) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief,
now part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1115/18 until his death in 1140.
Herbaren I van der Leede (died 1200) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
Floris Herbaren van der Leede (died 1207) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now
part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1200 until his death in 1207.
Folpert II van der Leede (died 1212) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
Herbaren II van der Leede van Arkel (died 1234) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and
high' fief, now part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1212 until his death in 1234.
Johan I van der Leede (died 1255) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
Folpert und Pelgrim van der Leede (died 1284) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and
Johan II van der Leede (died 1296) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
Wolfert I van Borselen (died 1299) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
Gerrit van Vilet (died 1314) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from probably 1299 until his death in 1314.
Gerard van Vliet was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part of Polsbroek in
the Dutch province of Utrecht in the first half 14th century.
Jan van Woerdern van Vliet (died 1423) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now
part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from ? until his death in 1423.
Michiel van Glymes van Bergen was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht in 1482.
Cornelis van Glymes van Bergen (died 1509) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief,
now part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1482 until his death in 1509. He was an Admiral of the Netherlands. He was the
second son of John II of Glymes (1417–1494), Lord of Bergen op Zoom and Margaretha of Rouveroy. His elder brother was John III of Bergen op
Zoom, First Chamberlain. Cornelis participated in the Battle of Nancy (1477) and the Battle of Guinegate (1479). He also commanded the fortess
of Grave, an important Habsburg stronghold in the war against Guelders. Between 1490 and 1491, he was Admiral of the Netherlands, and

participated in the submission of the Flemish rebellion against Maximilian of Austria. He was succeeded by Philip of Burgundy-Beveren.
Cornelis was Lord of Zuid-Polsbroek and acquired in 1495 the Lordship of Grevenbroek. In 1501, Philip the Fair made him a Knight in the Order
of the Golden Fleece. He married in 1481 with Maria Margaretha van Zevenbergen and had: Margareth of Glymes (1481-1551), married Floris
van Egmont, Marie of Glymes (1490-1566), married Louis de Ligne, mother of Jean de Ligne, Duke of Arenberg, Maximilian of Glymes (1490-
1522), his successor, Cornelis of Glymes (1490-1560), Prince Bishop of Liège (1538–1544). He also had an illegitimate daughter : Geertrui of
Bergen (1510-1541).
Maximilian van Glymes van Bergen (died 1533) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and
Maria of Bergen (died 1566) was a Lady of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1533 until her death in 1566.
Louis de Ligne (died 1568) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part of Polsbroek in
the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1566 until his death in 1568. He was Baron of Barbançon from the House of Ligne and married Maria of
Bergen, Lady of Zevenbergen (1503–1566). Jacob
Dircksz de Graeff (1579/1571 – October 6, 1638) was a Lord of Free and high Fief of Zuid-Polsbroek semi-
sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1610 until his death on
October 6, 1638. He was Major and Regent of Amsterdam from 1613 until his death on October 6, 1638. He was one
of the most illustrious members of the De Graeff family. He was a powerful member of the States
Faction, regent and mayor of Amsterdam after the political collapse of Reinier Pauw in 1627. In the mid 17th
century, during the Dutch Golden Age, De Graeff controlled the city's politics in close cooperation with his
nephewAndries Bicker. Together with Bicker he was also the leader of the Arminian faction of the city. Jacob de
Graeff was very critical of the Orange family's influence. He was a member of a family of regents who belonged to
the republican political movement also referred to as the ‘state oriented’, as opposed to the Royalists. Jacob de Graeff
was born in Emden, the son of Diederik Graeff and Agnies Pietresdr van Neck. He grew up in Emden and later in
Amsterdam, in the Niezel, a small street not far from the Oude Kerk. During the Dutch Golden Age, the De Graeff
family were very critical of the Orange family’s influence in the Netherlands. Together with the Republican-minded
brothers Andries, Cornelis and Jan Bicker, the De Graeffs strived for the abolition of stadtholdership. They desired the full sovereignty of the
individual regions in a form in which the Republic of the United Seven Netherlands was not ruled by a single person. Instead of a sovereign (or
stadtholder) the political and military power was lodged with the States General and with the regents of the cities in Holland. Jacob De Graeffs
two sons Cornelis and Andries de Graeff became the strongest Dutch regents during the First Stadtholderless Period. As a member of the De
Graeff family and regent-mayor of Amsterdam Jacob held the titles as Lord of the semisouverain fief of Zuid-Polsbroek, Lord of Sloten, Nieuwer-
Amstel, Osdorp and Amstelveen. Jacob was also chieflandholder of the Zijpe- en Hazepolder, Watergraafs- and Wiemermeer. De Graeff
studied Classical language at Leiden University. In 1597 he married to Aaltje Boelens Loen, and among the couple's children were Cornelis,
Andries and Agneta de Graeff van Polsbroek, the mother of Johan de Witt's wife Wendela Bicker. De Graeff was a merchant, and in 1598
became Schepen (alderman), from 1603 a member of the Vroedschap and from 1613-38 mayor of Amsterdam six times. He was first named as
mayor of Amsterdam in 1611.[8]
During his councillorship in the States of Holland and West Friesland (1615–1617) De Graeff get sympathy with
Oldenbarnevelt. In 1618, as regent-mayor of Amsterdam, Jacob de Graeff was deeply involved in the political crisis that engulfed
the Oldenbarnevelt regime and brought about its fall. Amsterdam was one of the Holland cities whose regents were partisans of
the Remonstrants and had agitated for the Sharp Resolution of 1617 which authorized city governments to raise private armies,
called waardgelders. The Counter-Remonstrants (enemies of the Remonstrants) opposed this, and the stadtholder, Maurice of Nassau viewed this
policy as a challenge to his authority as commander-in-chief of the States Army. On August 23, 1618, by order of the States-General,
Oldenbarnevelt and his chief supporters such as Hugo Grotius, Gilles van Ledenberg, Rombout Hogerbeets were arrested. Jacob de Graeff lost
his political position in the government for some years. After the political collapse of the royalist Reinier Pauw in 1627 De Graeff returned to
power again. During the late 1620s and the 1630s he controlled the city's politics in close cooperation with his nephew Andries Bicker. De Graeff
died in Amsterdam and his tomb chapel is found in the Oude Kerk. After his death his son Cornelis and the hardcore republican brothers
Andries and Cornelis Bicker took over his role on the council.
Cornelis de Graeff, also Cornelis de Graeff van (Zuid-)Polsbroek (October 15, 1599 – May 4, 1664) was Lord of
the semisouverain Fief (allodiale hoge heerlijkheid) Zuidpolsbroek semi-sovereign or 'free and high' fief, now part
of Polsbroek in the Dutch province of Utrecht from 1638 until his death on May 4, 1664 and
an Ambachtsheer (Lord of the Manor) of Sloten, Sloterdijk, Nieuwer-Amstel, Osdorp and Amstelveen, near
Amsterdam, and castlelord of Ilpenstein. De Graeff was also President of the Dutch East Indies Company from
1646 until his death on May 4, 1664, and a chiefcouncillor of the Admiralty of Amsterdam. was the most
illustrious member of the De Graeff family. He was a mayor of Amsterdam from the Dutch Golden Age from
1643 until 1664 and a powerful Amsterdam regent after the sudden death of stadholder William II of Orange. Like
his father Jacob Dircksz de Graeff, he opposed the house of Orange, and was the moderate successor to the
republican Andries Bicker. In the mid 17th century he controlled the city's finances and politics and, in close
cooperation with his brother Andries de Graeff and their nephew Johan de Witt, the Netherlands political system.[1]
Cornelis de Graeff followed in his father footsteps and, between 1643 and 1664, was appointed mayor some ten
times. De Graeff was a member of a family of regents who belonged to the republican political movement also
referred to as the ‘state oriented’, as opposed to the Royalists. Cornelis de Graeff was also the founder of a regent
dynasty that retained power and influence for centuries and produced a number ofministers. He was Lord of
the semisouverain Fief (allodiale hoge heerlijkheid) Zuidpolsbroek and an Ambachtsheer (Lord of the Manor)
of Sloten, Sloterdijk, Nieuwer-Amstel, Osdorp and Amstelveen, near Amsterdam, and castlelord of Ilpenstein. De Graeff was also President of
the Dutch East Indies Company, and a chiefcouncillor of the Admiralty of Amsterdam. Like his brother, Andries De Graeff, he was an art
collector and patron of the arts. During his life De Graeff was often called "Polsbroek" or "Lord Polsbroek". Cornelis de Graeff was the oldest son
of Jacob Dircksz de Graeff and his wife Aeltje Boelens Loen. He grew up in the Niezel, a small street not far from the Oude Kerk. De Graeff was
crippled for life in the left arm by a childhood accident, as can be seen in his painting. At twenty he went to Paris and in 1633 he married

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