Apidays New York 2024 - Passkeys: Developing APIs to enable passwordless auth...
Closing the Loop - From Citizen Sensing to Citizen Actuation
1. Copyright 2011 Digital Enterprise Research Institute. All rights reserved.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Closing the Loop-From Citizen
Sensing to Citizen Actuation
David Crowley, Edward Curry, John Breslin
3. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Citizen Sensors
“…humans as citizens on the ubiquitous Web,
acting as sensors and sharing their observations
and views…”
Sheth, A. (2009). Citizen sensing, social signals, and enriching
human experience. Internet Computing, IEEE, 13(4), 87-92.
4. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Citizen Actuators
Citizen actuation - the activation of a
human being as the mechanism by which
a control system acts upon the
environment.
5. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Sensing/Actuation
Citizen Sensing
Citizen Actuation
6. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Buildings account for 40% of the energy usage in the EU
And approximately 35% of the Carbon Dioxide emissions
Building Management Systems (BMS)
high cost to retrofit
BMS – can remove humans from the loop
Pushing automation too far
Problem
7. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
New Smart Building
Cost - € 40,000,000
8. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Legacy Building
DERI Building
No BMS or BEMS
160 person Office space
Café
Data centre
3 Kitchens
80 person Conference
room
4 Meeting rooms
Computing museum
Sensor Lab
10. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Key Challenges
Technology and Data Interoperability
Data scattered among different systems
Multiple incompatible technologies make it difficult to use
Interpreting Dynamic and Static Data
Sensors, ERP, BMS, assets databases, …
Need to proactively identify efficiency opportunities
Empowering Actions and Including Users in the Loop
Understanding of direct and indirect impacts of activities
Embedding impacts within business processes
Engaging Users
10
11. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Technology and Data Interoperability
Linked Data Principles
1. Use URIs to identify the “things” in your data
2. Use HTTP URIs so people (and machines) can
look them up on the Web
3. When a URI is looked up, return a description
of the thing in a structured format (RDF)
4. Include links to related things to provide context
http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
12. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Key Challenges
How can Cyber Physical Social Systems (CPSS) aid in
Energy Management?
Need to proactively identify efficiency opportunities
Empowering Actions and Including Users in the Loop
Understanding of direct and indirect impacts of activities
Embedding impacts within business processes
Engaging Users
13. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Experiment
Data collection from Experiment Area
14 control weeks (70 days)
4 experiment weeks (20 days)
15 participants
8 actuation requests were sent (to 7 randomly chosen
participants)
15. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Meeting Room B
Meeting Room A
Conference Room
16. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Experiment
Step 1: Detect patterns of high or unusual energy usage
Light turned on in rooms at night
High energy use in meeting rooms without booking
17. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Experiment
Step 2: Tweet building occupants to check situation and
take action
Turn off lights, heat, devices, etc
“Hi @username could you check if lights/air-con were left on in the
1st Floor North Wing please? And turn them off if possible. Thanks”
22. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Results (Daily Averages)
23.86%
Difference
23. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Open Issues
Emerging Web trends (linked data, web of things and
social media) may provide the foundations for a
lightweight approach to Cyber-Physical Social Systems
Research Challenges
Investigating approach to complement existing CPSS
Applicability on critical infrastructure
Human Task Management for Energy Action
Privacy
Applicability in a more generic set-up
24. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Future Work
Help people to understand their energy usage
Feedback/Visualisation
To easily allow users to see abnormal energy usage
Gamification
Addition of game elements to add extrinsic motivation
Smart Cities
From micro to macro use cases
Notas del editor
Citizen Sensing – about an event in the case – volvo ocean race 2012 Galway