WEX 2012 The Water and Energy Exchange - 31st January – 2nd February 2012 – Lisbon

1. WEX 2012 The Water and Energy Exchange
31st January – 2nd February 2012 – Lisbon
Energy as Motor of Seawater
Reverse Osmosis Desalination
Development
Miguel Angel SANZ
Degrémont
1

2. Reverse Osmosis:
Treatments and Energy Recovery
Pressure Recovery, Y
Brackish water 8 - 35 bar Brackish water 60 - 90 %
Seawater 50 - 80 bar Seawater 35 - 55 %
Raw Water HP Pump
Membranes
Permeate
Pretreatment
M Postreatment
Reject
Reject
Energy Recovery
Energy Consumption= f(TDS, Y, Tª,Membranes, ρMH)
2

3. Cost of Desalinated Water
2/3 of the Operating Cost
Amortization
Energy
33 - 43% 37 - 43%
Maintenance
3,5 -4,5%
Staff
RO Cleaning 4 - 11%
0,2 - 0,3%
Chemicals
Membranes
2 - 6,5%
2 - 5%
3

4. TRENDS & FUTURE
Historical Evolution of Energy Consumption in SWRO
10.00
1st RO pass Consumption Total Consumption
9.00
8.00
7.00
6.00
kW.h/m3
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
?
1.00
0.00
Years 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Year 1972 1983 1987 1992 1997 1999 2002 2003 2006 2009 2012
Plant Ouat I. Lanzarote ICosta Teguise- Pajara- Fue. Telde- GC Bahia de Palma Carboneras Fujairah Perth Llobregat Melbourne
Site France Canary I.-SP Canary I.-SP Canary I.-SPCanary I-SP Balearic I.-SP Almería-SP EAU W. Australia Barcelona Victoria-AUS
Production (m3/day) 70 400 2000 2500 15000 68000 120000 170500 143700 200000 445000
TDS (mg/l) 37500 37500 37500 37500 37500 39500 39500 39000 36500 39500 36500
Energy Recovery No ERD. TP Guinard TP Rev.P. TP Pelton TP Pelton TP Pelton TP Pelton TP Pelton ERI ERI ERI
Rack size (m3/day) 70 400 1000 2500 5000 7500 10000 11500 14500 21000 21500
RO Passes 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 (85%) 2 (100%) 2 (20%) 2 (100%)
4

5. NEXT FUTURE
Still a small reduction in specific energy
Historical Evolution of Energy Consumption in SWRO
10.00
1st RO pass Consumption Total Consumption
9.00
8.00
7.00
6.00
kW.h/m3
5.00
4.00
3.00
- 20%
2.00
1.75-1.50
1.00
0.00
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Years
Theoretical Limit for TDS of 36000 a 39500 mg/l
(100% efficiency and Osmotic Pressure)
Energy Consumption= f(TDS, Y, Tª, Membranes, Pretreat., ρMH,)
Miguel Ángel Sanz > DEGREMONT 5
Recuperación de Energía y Cogeneración

6. NEXT FUTURE:
FORWARD OSMOSIS BREAKTHROUGH?
• In 5 – 10 years could be an breakthrough Innovation
• These type of solutions could divide energy consumption by 2 or 3
• Solutions like … Forward Osmosis:
• FO basis is not new: It was be patented by Sydney Loeb in 1970 (one
of the pioneers of first reverse osmosis membranes and applications)
6

7. CONCLUSIONS FOR THE FUTURE
LESS ENERGY CONSUMTION
RO and Energy consumption will have a lot of improvements still to
implement in the following years:
• Improvement of efficiency of pumps, motors and frequency
converters. Size increase of equipments and design optimisations.
• More Energy Recovery Devices and even more efficiency: There is
already a new generation of pressure interchanger systems, slightly
improving the characteristics of existing ones… and in a continuous
evolution
• New developments of RO membranes with a better permeability, less
salts pass and a bigger size. There is also nanotechnologies applied
into RO membranes. This is the most promising field and with a wide
margin to improve.
• The Membranes Use (UF, MF) in the Pretreatments; single or w/DAF.
Nanotechnologies in UF…
In few years probably will be and real Innovation breakthrough:
FORWARD OSMOSIS 7

8. ENERGY AS MOTOR OF SWRO
DESALINATION DEVELOPMENT
¿QUESTIONS?
THANKS
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
Miguel Angel SANZ
miguel.angel.sanz@degremont.com
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9. 6th World Water Forum
12-17 March 2012. Marseille, France
• The Priority for Action « Harmonize Energy and Water » will
be structured around 8 targets .
• Target 2, lead by IDA, Energy Efficiency in Desalination Plants:
“Create an Energy Task Force, and develop a guide allowing
to achieve a 20% energy reduction in desalination by 2015”
• IDA Session on March 14th from 14:30 to 16:30
• Organizers:
World Water Council, French Government and
City of Marseille