1. Emergence of Consumer Society Late 19th century More leisure - Factories Acts - fewer hours, half day Saturday, some sections of population had increased income. Separation of work and leisure becoming more institutionalised. Organised sports. Music halls. Working Mens Clubs. Early - mid 20th century Technology and a reduction in quantity of work. Growth in white collar workers and professionals - better quality of work, more satisfying. Increase in domestic consumption - democratisation of consumption, all groups have more choice. Commercial domination. Emergence of youth and ethnic cultures

5. Where status depends on displaying differences, goods are used to identify a person, to demarcate social relationships. Jimmy Choo M & S Dolcis

11. Marx refers as commodity fetishism; “like gods”, commodities are our creation but appear to us as an alien force which rules our lives

14. ‘ The triumph of advertising in the culture industry’ …‘Is that consumers feel compelled to buy and use its products even though they see through them’ Adorno and Horkheimer