MLM Draft Integrated Environmental Plan

MLM Integrated Environmental Plan – Draft Report
August 2004 © Copyright Reserved
Page 1 of 69
INTEGRATED
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT PLAN
September 2004
SECOND DRAFT

Page 2 of 69
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................5
2. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT .....................................................................5
2.1. History of IEM ....................................................................................................................6
2.2. Introduction to IEM .............................................................................................................6
2.3. The basic principles of IEM .................................................................................................6
2.4. Legislation applicable to IEM ...............................................................................................8
2.5. Local Authorities and the Environmental/ Sustainability Interface ...........................................9
2.5.1 The governance function............................................................................................... 10
2.5.2 Controller or influences of activities, products, services and facilities................................ 11
2.5.3 The local authority as a governed institution ................................................................... 11
2.5.4 Conservation................................................................................................................ 11
3. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN................................................................................... 12
3.1. The IDP and the Integrated Environmental Plan ................................................................. 12
3.1.1 Analysis Phase............................................................................................................. 13
3.1.2 Strategies .................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.3 Integration Phase......................................................................................................... 14
3.1.4 DEAT Requirements for the evaluation of IDPs .............................................................. 14
3.1.5 Proposed IEP Methodology ........................................................................................... 15
4. LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ISSUES ................................................................. 16
4.1.1 Priority Issues within the IDP ......................................................................................... 16
4.1.2 Environmental Issues identified within the SOER............................................................ 17
4.1.3 Environmental Issues identified during the Environmental Legal Audit.............................. 18
5. ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES............................................................................................. 23
5.1. LEGISLATION (Regulated) ............................................................................................... 26
5.1.1 NON-COMPLIANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES ......................................... 26
5.2. LEGISLATION (REGULATOR).......................................................................................... 27
5.2.1 OUT DATED BY LAWS ................................................................................................ 27
5.3. OWN ACTIVITIES / INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................... 29
5.3.1 ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF MUNICIPAL FACILITIES ..................................................... 29
5.3.2 POLLUTION LEVELS AT MUNICIPAL FACILITIES ........................................................ 30
5.3.3 AUTHORIZATIONS AT OWN FACILTIES ...................................................................... 30
5.4. SUPPORT SERVICES ..................................................................................................... 32

Page 3 of 69
5.4.1 INSUFFICIENT ENVIRONMENTA L MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES IN SERVICE
DELIVERY PROCESSES ......................................................................................................... 32
5.4.2 UNDEFINED ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ..... 33
5.4.3 MONITORING OF WATER CONSUMPTION ................................................................. 33
5.4.4 UNREGULATED AND IRRESPONSIBLE LAND USES................................................... 34
5.5. CONSERVATION............................................................................................................. 35
5.5.1 WASTE REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT.................................................................. 35
5.5.2 WATER POLLUTION.................................................................................................... 36
5.5.3 AIR POLLUTION.......................................................................................................... 37
5.5.4 LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY ............................................................................................. 38
5.5.5 ECONOMIC USE OF BIODIVERSITY ........................................................................... 39
5.5.6 INSUFFICIENT CONTROL OF INVADER PLANT SPECIES ........................................... 40
5.5.7 DAMAGE AND LOSS OF SOIL RESOURCES ............................................................... 40
5.5.8 DAMAGE AND LOSS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES ................................... 41
5.6. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ................................................................................................. 42
5.6.1 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION MAKING ............................ 42
5.6.2 PUBLIC OWNERSHIP OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES......................................... 43
5.7. EDUCATION AND TRAINING........................................................................................... 43
5.7.1 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RIGHTS OF MUNICIPAL PERSONNEL............................. 43
5.7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT OF MUNICIPAL PERSONNEL .................. 44
5.7.3 PUBLIC ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION ..................................................................... 44
6. IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMMES ........................................................................................ 46
6.1. Research and Registration Programme (REGP)................................................................. 48
6.1.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 48
6.1.2 ROLEPLAYERS ........................................................................................................... 48
6.1.3 ACTIVITIES AND PROJECTS ....................................................................................... 48
6.2. Community Based Planning & Management Programme (CBPP) ........................................ 51
6.2.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 51
6.2.2 ROLEPLAYERS ........................................................................................................... 51
6.3. Management Programme (MANP)..................................................................................... 53
6.3.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 53
6.3.2 ROLEPLAYERS ........................................................................................................... 53
6.4. Public Awareness and Training Programme (PATP)........................................................... 55
6.4.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 55
6.4.2 ROLEPLAYERS ........................................................................................................... 55
6.5. Standards and Guidelines Programme (STGP) .................................................................. 57
6.5.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 57
6.5.2 ROLEPLAYERS ........................................................................................................... 57

Page 4 of 69
6.6. Organisational structuring Programme (ORGP) .................................................................. 59
6.6.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 59
6.6.2 ROLEPLAYERS ........................................................................................................... 59
6.7. Law enforcement Programme (LAWP)............................................................................... 61
6.7.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 61
6.7.2 ROLEPLAYERS ........................................................................................................... 61
6.8. Equipment and technology programme (EQPP) ................................................................. 63
6.8.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 63
6.8.2 ROLEPLAYERS ........................................................................................................... 63
6.9. Conservation Programme (CONP)..................................................................................... 65
6.9.1 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................... 65
6.9.2 ROLEPLAYERS ........................................................................................................... 65
6.10. Rehabilitation Programme (RHBP) .................................................................................... 67
6.10.1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................... 67
6.10.2 ROLEPLAYERS ....................................................................................................... 67
6.10.3 ACTIVITIES AND PROJECTS ................................................................................... 67

Page 5 of 69
1. INTRODUCTION
Environmental considerations have become an integral part of developmental thinking and decision
making in South Africa. It is imperative that local municipalities have access to efficient environmental
information to allow for strategic and project level developmental planning. In view of the latter the IDP
Process proposes the formulation of an Integrated Environmental Programme (IEP) as a sector plan
requirement in terms of the IDP Process Guidepacks. Each local council is thus required to formulate an
IEP and thus ensure that environmental considerations are truly integrated with the outcomes of the IDP
process.
2. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
Environmental Management is a field that is rapidly growing in importance as a discipline of its own. It is
“the process of administering, supervising or handling the environment in order to achieve a desired
outcome” (Fuggle and Rabie 1999). As the natural services provided to humans by the environment, such
as clean water, clean air, sustainable energy and waste purification are increasingly threatened, and as
humanity edges ever closer to the ultimate carrying capacity of the earth, so environmental management
will become increasingly necessary.
Two important concepts of corporate responsibility for the environment are being applied with growing
frequency in Europe. The first is a simple but powerful term: “duty of care” It implies that individuals,
corporations and institutions have a duty to protect the environment, whether the law requires it or not
(Raven et al. 1995).
The second concept is known as the “precautionary principle”. It is written into international laws
regarding the dumping of toxic waste at sea, it infers that a lack of scientific evidence is no excuse to
avoid protecting the environment if meaningful evidence of damage exists (Raven et al. 1995).
According to Miller (2002) it is vital to develop more environmentally sustainable societies by shifting our
efforts from:
• Pollution cleanup to pollution prevention
• Waste disposal to waste prevention and reduction
• Protecting the species to protecting the habitat where they live
• Environmental degradation to environmental restoration
• Increased resource use to more efficient resource use
• Population growth to population stabilization

Page 6 of 69
2.1. History of IEM
The Council for the Environment proposed the concept of Integrated Environmental Management (IEM) to
the Minister of Environmental Affairs during 1989 in the form of a document called Integrated
Environmental Management in South Africa. The Department of Environmental Affairs formalized the
procedure in such a way that it was accepted as policy by government. A series of guideline documents
formed the first part of the formalisation process. Further steps included policy statement in terms of
section 2 of the Environment Conservation Act, 1989 (Act 73 of 1989) and the enactment of the
provisions under sections 21, 22, 23 and 26 of the same Act.
The IEM procedure should be implemented in such a way that it complements – rather than duplicates –
existing planning and other procedures. Where appropriate, the IEM procedure should be used to
supplement existing requirements, rather than replace them. (Department of Environmental Affairs, 1992.
The Integrated Environmental Management procedure).
2.2. Introduction to IEM
Integrated Environmental Management (IEM) is designed to ensure that the environmental consequences
of development proposals are understood and adequately considered in the planning process. The term
environmental is used in its broad sense, encompassing biophysical and socio-economic components.
The purpose of the IEM is to resolve or mitigate any negative impacts and to enhance positive aspects of
development proposals. (Department of Environmental Affairs, 1992).
The definition of IEM according to the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, (1998) is:
A philosophy which prescribes a code of practice for ensuring that environmental considerations are fully
integrated into all stages of the development process in order to achieve a desirable balance between
conservation and development.
The vision for IEM, according to the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, (1998), is to lay
the foundation for environmentally sustainable development based on integrated and holistic
environmental management practices and processes.
2.3. The basic principles of IEM
The basic principles underpinning IEM are that there be:
i) informed decision-making;
ii) accountability for information on which decisions are taken;
iii) accountability for decisions taken;
iv) a broad meaning given to the term environment (i.e. one that includes physical, biological, social,
economic, cultural, historical and political components);

Page 7 of 69
v) an open, participatory approach in the planning of proposals;
vi) consultation with interested and affected parties;
vii) due consideration of alternative options;
viii) an attempt to mitigate negative impacts and enhance positive aspects of proposals;
ix) an attempt to ensure that the ‘social costs’ of development proposals (those borne by society,
rather than the developers) be outweighed by the ‘social benefits’ (benefits to society as a result
of the actions of the developers);
x) democratic regard for individual rights and obligations;
xi) compliance with these principles during all stages of the planning, implementation and
decommissioning of proposals (i.e. from “cradle to grave”), and
xii) the opportunity for public and specialist input in the decision-making process. (Department of
Environmental Affairs, 1992).

Page 8 of 69
2.4. Legislation applicable to IEM
In South Africa the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa ensures that the environment of South
Africa is protected, ultimately for the benefit of the people of South Africa.
Chapter 2, section 24 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (RSA, 1996) states that:
Chapter 2, section 24:
Everyone has the right –
a) to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being; and
b) to have the environment protected, for the benefit of present and future generations, through
reasonable legislative and other measures that –
i) prevent pollution and ecological degradation;
ii) promote conservation; and
iii) secure ecologically sustainable development and use of natural resources while
promoting justifiable economic and social development.
The National Environmental Management Act (Act 107 of 1998) also addresses Integrated Environmental
Management in Chapter 5 of the said act.
In addition Section 21, 22, 23 and 26 of the Environment Conservation Act, 1989 (Act 73 of 1989) are
also applicable to Integrated Environmental Management.
Figure 1 illustrates the over arching function of Integrated Environmental Management (IEM). As is
clearly visible from the table, IEM acts as the collective term for different environmental management
tools. All the environmental management instruments under the banner of IEM are indicated in their
respective category below. The Mangaung Local Municipality has already utilized some of the
instruments.

Page 9 of 69
2.5. Local Authorities and the Environmental/
Sustainability Interface
A range of environmental competencies and responsibilities delegated to South African local authorities
that may be controlled or influenced by appointed officials, elected politicians and civil society are
classified into four categories (See Figure 2). They include the municipality as a governing organ of state,
as a governed entity, as an operator with activities, products, services and facilities that may impact on
the environment as well as a conservation function. The elements include:
• The political reality of local level governance, the reality of political agendas, the need for political
support, and buyin are key factors to consider. It may also be a good idea not to commence with
implementation of an EMS at the end of election cycles, as continuity may be jeopardised;
• The broader community constituency is also important as community input and support for the process
is also important. Implementation of an EMS at the local level should, therefore, be needs based as well ;
• Local spheres of government function within the ambit of national and provincial policies, functions and
legislation. They are, therefore, governed by other spheres of governance and conformity to national and
DECISION-MAKING
INSTRUMENTS
• Strategic Environmental
Assessment (SEA)
• Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA)
• Environmental
Optimisation Assessment
(EOA)
• Cost-benefit Analysis
(CBA)
INTEGRATED
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT (IEM)
MANAGING
INSTRUMENTS
• Environmental
Management
Programme (EMP)
• Environmental
Management System
(EMS)
• Life-cycle analysis
CRISES RESPONSE
MONITORING
INSTRUMENTS
• Auditing
• Compliance
Management
COMMUNICA TION AND
INFORMATION TOOLS

Page 10 of 69
regional policies and strategies are key issues. In South Africa, linking an EMS with the IDP -process is
importantl;
• Often appointed officials need to be trained in greener governance issues, strategies and tools and the
concept may be new to most of them • Local authorities are also organisations that control and influence
activities, products, services and facilities that may have significant impacts in the environment;
• Local authorities also have important nature and heritage resource conservation functions;
• Public and Private-Partnerships may be a useful strategy to establish environmental management and
sustainability management relationships with the private sector.
Figure 2: Framework for Environmental Management at the local level
2.5.1 The governance function
The governance function involves four aspects:
• development of environmentally related legislation at the local level
• executive mandate to implement legislative arrangements
• a law enforcement function
• the good governance duty in line with the Batho Pele principles.
The Local Municipality is responsible for the development of relevant local by-laws to ensure that all the
relevant environmental aspects are governed within a legislative framework that is in line with national
and provincial principles.

Page 11 of 69
The Local Municipality also has an executive function (including co-governance arrangements) that is
linked with law enforcement functions. This refers specifically to environmental aspects such as air
pollution, land use management, waste management, etc. In terms of co-operative governance, the local
authority has both competence and commenting functions. Protecting the global common goods is also
an important element of this function.
2.5.2 Controller or influences of activities, products, services and facilities
The Local Municipality is involved in a whole range of activities, handling of products and rendering of
services. It is also either the owner or user of facilities that have or may have significant impact on the
environment. These activities and council assets also require envi ronmental management and
compliance. Improved eco-efficiency, linked with socio-economic development, poverty reduction and
legal compliance are the key issues at stake.
2.5.3 The local authority as a governed institution
The Local Municipality provides a range of infrastructure services and, in recent years, is also required to
facilitate economic development and other “soft” functions. The services invariably demand effective
environmental management practice to mitigate and control the potential impacts associated therewith.
Many of these services are governed by the national and provincial spheres of governance and hence
require legal compliance from local authorities. Another issue is efficient, regular and cost effective
rendering of these services in order ensure viable and healthy communities.
2.5.4 Conservation
Conservation is an important function in terms of environmental and heritage resource management
responsibilities since Local Municipalities own or influence large tracts of land with high conservation
value as well as important heritage resources.
The general conservation function also entails provision of a general healthy environment that is
conducive to a dignified quality of live with access to recreational facilities, clean air and water as well as
ample functional open space. Biodiversity management is an important function as well.

Page 12 of 69
3. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN
3.1. The IDP and the Integrated Environmental Plan
According to the Municipal Systems Act, (32 of 2000) every new council that comes into office based on
the outcome of local government elections has to prepare its own IDP, which will guide it for a five year
term of office. The IDP, therefore, is linked to the term of office of councillors. A new local council has the
option to either adopt the IDP of its predecessor should it be acceptable to do so, or develop a new IDP,
taking into consideration existing planning documents.
The IDP is a strategic planning instrument which guides and informs all planning, budgeting,
management and decision-making in a municipality. According to the Municipal Systems Act, (32 of
2000), all municipalities (i.e Metros, District Municipalities and Local Municipalities) have to undertake an
integrated development planning process to produce integrated development plans (IDPs). As the IDP is
a legislative requirement, it has a legal status and it supersedes all other plans that guide development at
local government level.
Legislation requires that integrated development planning should be an interactive and participatory
process that requires involvement of a number of stakeholders. The timing of the process is closely
related to the municipal budgeting cycle. The IDP is reviewed annually which results in the amendments
to the plan should it be necessary. As part of the IDP, various sector plans need to be generated such as
for water, housing, transport, environment, disaster management, waste management, AIDS, etc. During
the IDP process the relevant issues per sector are identified and then translated into sector plans during
the Integration Phase of the IDP. Although the environment is a specific sector plan requirement, it is
evident that environmental issues are cross cutting through all other sector plans.
As a sector plan the IDP Process requires each local municipality to formulate an IEP. Table 2 provides a
summary of the environmental requirements as stated in the IDP Guide Packs.

Page 13 of 69
* Phase 3 of the IDP Process does not indicate any specific environmental requirements an thus is not listed
3.1.1 Analysis Phase
The analysis phase deals with the existing situation. It is the focused analysis of the type of problems
faced by the people in the municipal area and includes the following:
• Listing of all developmental issues
• Prioritisation of the issues
• Stakeholder and community participation.
The extent and depth of the analysis phase are determined by the availability of
data and access the local municipality has to specialist capacity.
3.1.2 Strategies
Once the municipality understands the challenges affecting the people of the area and their causes, it
should formulate solutions to address the issues. This phase includes the formulation of:
• The vision – the vision is a statement indicating the ideal situation the municipality would like to achieve
in the long term. This is the situation the municipality would find itself in once it has addressed the
problems identified in Phase 1
• The development objectives – once the priority issues are identified in Phase 1, they need to be
translated into objectives. Development objectives are statements of what the municipality would like to
achieve in the medium term in order to address the issues (problems) and also
contribute to the realization of the vision. In other words the objectives should bridge the gap between the
current reality and the vision
• The development strategies – once the municipality knows where it wants to go (vision) and what it
needs to achieve to realize the vision (objectives), it must then develop strategies. Development
strategies provide answers to the questions of how the municipality will reach its objectives. They are
strategic decisions about the most appropriate ways and means to achieve
the objectives
• Project identification - Once strategies are formulated, they result in the identification of projects.
Public participation should take place in Phase 2 in the form of a public debate on the appropriate ways
and means of solving problems.

Page 14 of 69
3.1.3 Integration Phase
Once the projects are identified, the municipality must make sure that they are in line with the
municipality’s objectives and strategies, its’ resource framework, and comply with all legal requirements.
Furthermore, this phase is an opportunity for the municipality to harmonise the projects in terms of
contents, location and timing in order to arrive at a consolidated and an integrated approach such as
proposed by the IEP.
3.1.4 DEAT Requirements for the evaluation of IDPs
Many problems have arisen in the past with the evaluation of local government IDPs / LDOs by the
Department of Environmental Affairs (DEAT). These problems motivated the Department to compile a
guideline document 2001/2002 for the sole purpose of evaluating IDPs and overcoming these problems.
The objective of the guideline document is to evaluate compliance of the IDP in terms of environmental
legislation and to identify possible gaps that may exist.
Furthermore, it should serve as a measure for provincial administrations to evaluate to what extent
environmental management is considered in an IDP. These requirements serve two purposes. Firstly it
enables a province to assess whether an IDP accurately meets environmental provisions, and secondly
to identify which municipalities require assistance in this regard.
The evaluation is in the form of a checklist and questionnaire, which must be completed by a municipality
and attached to the IDP. A copy of both documents should then be sent to the relevant environmental
authority. The guideline document consists of a checklist that describes the minimum documents and
substantive requirements for environmental issues, and a questionnaire. The checklist is divided into six
environmental theme categories:
• Waste management
• Air quality
• Water resource management
• Biodiversity and sensitive areas
• Energy resources and energy use and
• Land use management and control.
Each environmental theme is sub-categorized into different environmental issues. The main purpose of
the checklist is to determine which section of the IDP addresses the designated environmental issue. The
questionnaire is divided into five environmental theme categories and each category has designated
questions which address environmental issues. These themes are:
• Waste and pollution management
• Air quality

Page 15 of 69
• Water management
• Biodiversity management
• Land use planning.
3.1.5 Proposed IEP Methodology
The IEP Process runs parallel to the IDP Process and should ultimately culminate with Phase 4 when the
various Sector Plans and Programmes are integrated. The IDP Guide Packs do not recommend detailed
processes and guidance on how an IEP should be generated. The general intent is that the IEP should
guide strategic and project level developmental and planning decision making. The Centre for
Environmental Management proposes the process and evaluation criteria as presented in Figure 7.
The first step entails the evaluation of environmental issues identified during Phase 1 of the IDP Process
in terms of specialist review and input, procedural fit as well as legal conformance.
• The second step would be to evaluate proposed IDP strategies in terms of their conformance to
identified issues (Step1), conformance to overarching policy as well as legal and other strategic
environmental guidelines such as:
o Agenda 21
o NEMA Chapter 1 Principles
o Provincial EMP and EIP
o and others
• Step three involves the evaluation of identified projects for conformance todefined and proposed IDP
strategies, their relevance and completeness aswell as compliance to legal requirements.
• Step four involves the generation of an IEP status report that defines conformance and improvement
opportunities for the Mangaung IDP Process and documents that will enable politicians and officials
to generate a dedicated IEP that meets the Local Municipality’s political, administrative, financial as
well as sustainability obligations
• Step five culminates with the generation of an environmental performance assessment roadmap that
will ensure that all the subsequent reviews of the IDP and IEP are in conformance to environmental
parameters.

Page 16 of 69
4. LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
ISSUES
Apart from the potential environmental issues extracted from the Mangaung IDP, the municipality recently
completed its first State of the Environment Report as well as a Environmental Legal Compliance Audit of
its functions and facilities. Th e key priority areas and identified issues within these documents were
summarised and grouped according to the framework for Environmental Management at Local Authority
level during a workshop held on 1 April 2004 with senior management of MLM.
4.1.1 Priority Issues within the IDP
Priority Issues within the IDP and its potential impact on the key areas identified within the framework for
Environmental Management at Local Authority level:
FRAMEWORKRef ISSUES WHICH CAN HAVE ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACTS DURING THE INTEGRATED
DEVELOPMENT PLAN (IDP)
Legislation Own
Activities/
Infrastructure
Support
Services
Conservation
IDP Common approach and programme •
IDP Decision making •
IDP Public participation • •
Ws1 Worker’s right to refuse work in an unhealthy
and unsafe environment
• •
IDP Service Satisfaction • • •
IDP Basic services available • •
IDP Economic (Municipal) Services •
IDP Skills of Workforce • •
IDP Information Technology •
IDP Poverty Reduction • •
IDP Economic Growth •
IDP Community Resilience & Self Reliance • •
IDP Community based service delivery • •
IDP Financial Management (General administrative
management)
•
IDP Civic leadership • •
IDP Financed Leveraged •
IDP Employment Equity
• = primary relation, • = secondary relation

Page 17 of 69
4.1.2 Environmental Issues identified within the SOER
The table below provides a brief summary of the priority areas within the MLM SOER:
FRAMEWORKRef ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES CONFIRMED DURING
THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT REPORT
(SOER)
Legislation Own
Activities/
infrastructure
Support
Services
Conservation
SOER Air pollution • • •
SOER Vehicle emissions • • •
SOER Domestic coal use (fossil fuel use) • •
SOER Greenhouse gases • • •
SOER Ambient particulate concentrations • •
SOER Pesticides and herbicides • • •
SOER Agricultural pollution • •
SOER Heavy metals • • •
SOER Sulphates • • •
SOER Illegal dumping • •
SOER Hazardous waste • • •
SOER Housing • • •
SOER Control of illegal activities • • •
SOER Governance of policies, plans and programs • • •
SOER Cultural heritage • •
SOER Capacity of landfills • • • •
SOER Suitability of landfills • • •
SOER Waste minimization and recycling • • • •
SOER Adequate waste collection services • • •
SOER Fulfillment of legal duties • • •
SOER Environmental awareness and education • • •
Ws1 Control of legal activities • • •
SOER Voluntary environmental auditing • • •
SOER Waste generation • • • •
SOER Coal fired power station • • • •
Ws1 Water consumption (internal) •
SOER Access to water • • •
Ws1 Storm water management • •
SOER Access to services and infrastructure • • •
SOER Extent of conservation areas • • • •
SOER Water consumption (domestic) • • •
SOER Economic use of biodiversity • •
SOER Resources value of conservation areas • •
SOER Economic growth • •

Page 18 of 69
FRAMEWORKRef ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES CONFIRMED DURING
THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT REPORT
(SOER)
Legislation Own
Activities/
infrastructure
Support
Services
Conservation
SOER Unemployment • •
SOER Education and literacy • •
SOER HIV/Aids • •
SOER Riparian vegetation • • • •
SOER Alien plant species • • •
SOER Conflicting land uses • • •
SOER Shortage of residential land • • •
SOER Degradation of soil resources • • •
SOER Soil erosion • • • •
SOER Overgrazing • • •
SOER Overuse of agrochemicals •
SOER Loss of biodiversity • • •
SOER Threatened species • • •
SOER Spread of alien species • •
SOER Habitat fragmentation • • •
SOER Odours • • • •
SOER Respiratory health problems
SOER Population development • •
4.1.3 Environmental Issues identified during the Environmental Legal Audit
The table below provides a brief summary of the priority areas within the MLM Audit:
FRAMEWORKRef ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IDENTIFIED DURING
THE LEGAL COMPLIANCE AUDIT (LCA) Legislation Own
Activities/
Infrastructure
Support
Services
Conservation
LCA Out dated by-laws • •
LCA Register of all environmental legislation
(regulator and regulated)
• •
LCA Functions and responsibilities of Executive
Directors to environmental legislation
• •
LCA Integrated Waste Management Planning in
terms of the IDP
•
LCA Procedures that require approval under
environmental legislation
• • •
LCA Bloem Water nominated by MLM as water • •

Page 19 of 69
Activities/
Infrastructure
Support
Services
Conservation
service provider in Thaba Nchu
LCA Execution of the requirements of the smoke
control regulations
•
LCA Prevent and monitor ground water pollution by
underground fuel storage tanks
•
LCA Rehabilitation of the quarry in Botchabelo
(disused and no rehab. planned / permit)
•
LCA Reporting of emergency incidents to all required
organizations
•
LCA Fire protection plans •
LCA Building plan for alterations must be submitted
to Emergency Services
•
LCA Member of Fire Protection Associations •
LCA Uncontrolled grazing by livestock • • •
LCA Knowledge of National Heritage Resources • •
LCA Awareness of employees of criminal and civil
liabilities with regard to environmental pollution
•
LCA No EIA for Heidedal depot • •
LCA EIA must be considered during Rezoning
applications
• •
LCA Validity of the EMP for Petra quarry • • •
LCA Water taken from Masselspoort, Rustfontein,
Welbedacht and Knelpoort dams as well as
boreholes at Loch Logan (permits for
extraction)
• •
LCA Storage of water at Maselspoort, Mockes dam,
Loch Logan, Blue and Red dam (permits)
• •
LCA Water uses at the Thaba Nchu and Welvaart
sewage treatment works
• •
LCA Transportation of bulk fuel to mechanical
workshop
• •
LCA Registration of the sewage purification works at
Thaba Nchu
• •
LCA Qualifications of staff at the sewage purification
works at Thaba Nchu
• •
LCA Closure permit for the disused waste disposal
site at Thaba Nchu
• •
LCA Communal septic tanks (permit) • •
LCA Compliance of the mechanical Workshop with
bulk storage of fuel legislation
•
LCA Handling and storage of Hazardous Chemical • •

Page 20 of 69
Activities/
Infrastructure
Support
Services
Conservation
Substances
LCA Cleaning of vehicles containing Hazardous
Chemical Substances
• • •
LCA Inventory of location of asbestos for all
premises
•
LCA Handling of pesticides by registered person • •
LCA Certificates for scheduled processes at power
station and crematorium
•
LCA Burning of tyres at Suidstort •
LCA Burning of vegetative waste by Parks and
Cemeteries
•
LCA Disposal of asbestos and pesticides •
LCA Control at Suidstort •
LCA Surface water at fresh produce market •
LCA Separation between fresh and dirty water
systems at Suidstort and the fresh produce
market
•
LCA Surface and ground water pollution:
underground fuel storage tanks, cemeteries,
sewage purification works
•
LCA Pollution at Thaba Nchu cemetery •
LCA Firebrakes • •
LCA Control of Parks, POS and Public Amenities • •
LCA Registered as water users: Bore holes and
storage at Loch Logan, Thaba Nchu and
Botshabelo sewage treatment works, irrigation
of waste water at the Botshabelo sewage
treatment works
• •
LCA Environmental issues to be taken into
consideration in the Economic Development
Strategy
• •
LCA Recreational use of Loch Logan • •
LCA Domestic waste water in area of more than
5000 house holds make use of on-site disposal
facilities (permits)
• •
LCA On-site disposal facilities exceeds 10 per ha
(permit)
• •
LCA Eradication category 1, 2 and 3 plants • •

Page 21 of 69
During the said workshop, a brief discussion of the above issues indicated the following underlying and
potential environmental issues to be considered:
Issue
No
Ref. Issue Description
E1 IDP, LCA Adherence to procedures
that require approval under
Compliance with environmental legislation, regulations and
procedures that require environmental authorisation during
all service delivery actions and activities..
E2 LCA Out dated by-laws By-laws must be kept updated and relevant
E3 LCA Registering of all applicable
(regulator and regulated)
A register of all environmental legislation by means which
the MLM is being regulated must be kept, the register must
also contain all authorizations that have been issued to the
MLM.
E4 LCA Monitoring Environmental
Authorisations
Registering and monitoring of of all activities (public and
private) which require(d) environmental authorisations.
E5 LCA Legal handling of Hazardous
Chemical Substances
Compliance with legislation in regards to the storage,
handling, transporting and disposal of Hazardous Chemical
Substances
E6 LCA Legislation on Asbestos in
buildings
handling, transporting and disposal of asbestos.
E7 LCA Legislation on us e of
Pesticides
handling, transporting and disposal of pesticides
E8 LCA Smoke control regulations The requirements of the smoke control regulations must be
executed and adhered to, to prevent illegal emissions.
E9 IDP Energy efficiency at all
facilities
Energy efficiency of current facilities and equipment used.
E10 IDP Minimizing pollution generated
at all facilities
Minimizing the pollution impacts at all facilities
E11 LCA Validity of the EMP’s for
quarries
The validity of EMP’s for quarries is subject to conditions
and timeframes.
E12 LCA Permits for water use Permits for water use (e.g. recreational), storage (e.g.
dams, reservoirs), extraction (e.g. bore holes) must be
obtained from the relevant authorities. Water service
providers must be registered.
E13 LCA On-site disposal facilities Permits for the concentration of on-site disposal facilities
and communal septic tanks must be obtained
E14 LCA Registration of Sewage
purification works
Registration of the sewage purification works and
qualifications of staff working at the sewage purification
works must comply with standards
E15 LCA Scheduled burning processes
at power station &
crematorium
Scheduled processes at the power station and crematorium
must comply with standards and be certified.
E16 IDP, LCA Environmental checklists for all
service activities
Incorporation of environmental management procedures
and regulation within the implementation of all services
delivery aspects eg. Economic Development Strategy.

Page 22 of 69
Issue
No
E17 LCA Environmental Functions and
responsibilities of Executive
Directors
Delegations issued to Executive Directors must reflect
environmental legislation in their functions and
responsibilities.
E18 SOER Monitoring of water
consumption
Domestic and internal water use must be monitored and
the access to water must be in line with the service
provision requirements.
E19 SOER Responsible land uses Land uses must be complimentary and environmentally
sensitive planning must provide coefficient residential land
E20 LCA,
SOER
Integrated Waste Management
Planning
The integrated management of waste is of utmost
importance. Waste generation must be limited, legal
dumping sites must be managed and illegal dumping must
be prevented. The IDP specifically set key performance
indicators for Integrated Waste Management Planning.
E21 SOER Water pollution Water pollution due to pesticides, herbicides, agricultural
activities, heavy metals and sulphates
E22 SOER Air pollution Air pollution due to vehicle emissions, domestic coal use
(fossil fuel use) contribute to odors, Green House gases,
respiratory health problems and high ambient particulate
concentrations
E23 SOER Loss of biodiversity The loss of biodiversity is visible in the number of
threatened species located in the MLM area, the spreading
of alien and invader species, and habitat fragmentation due
to a lack of functional open space systems.
E24 SOER Economic use of biodiversity The number and size of conservation areas must reiterate
the economic value of biodiversity.
E25 SOER Control of invader species Vegetation, including riparian vegetation, is in danger of
alien and invader species as well as over grazing and
erosion. Alien species in general must be eradicated.
E26 SOER Conservation of soil resources Degradation of soil resources takes place be means of
poor storm water management, erosion, pollution, Overuse
of agrochemicals and salinity.
E27 SOER Conservation of cultural
heritage resources
A lack of knowledge concerning cultural heritage is
endangering the protection of the cultural heritage
resources.
E28 IDP Public participation in all
environmental decision making
processes
Public participation during decision making processes
required by environmental legislation.
E29 IDP,
SOER
Public ownership of
environmental resources
The best way of protecting the environment is through
partnership with organised and civil society.
E30 IDP Environmental health rights of
all personnel
Knowledge of municipal personnel regarding their
environmental rights.
E31 IDP Environmental education and
skills development personnel
Skills of municipal personnel to execute their tasks in an
environmentally sustainable manner.

Page 23 of 69
Issue
No
E32 IDP,
SOER
Public Environmental
Education
Every citizen should be empowered to contribute to
environmental conservation within their environment.
5. ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES
Within the Managung IDP various programmes were identified to dirve the execution of the key priorities
within the IDP. One such programme was identified as the “Clean Environment” programme. Under this
programme the main environmental issues and strategies are to be addressed.
The Clean Environment Programme has the following development objective:
By 2006 we will have an attractive environment in Mangaung with clean, well-kept natural open
spaces, parks and a well maintained built environment.
In pursuit of the above objective, the following strategies where formulated within the IDP:
No IDP
Code
Strategy
S1 Env 1 Development of an Integrated Environmental Management Plan (IEMP).
S2 Env 2 To increase the volume of waste collected to weekly collections with 10% recycled by
2006.
S3 Env 3 To establish an environmental education system which will also address personal
and community involvement to ensure a clean environment.
S4 Env 4 To reduce air pollution from coal fires and dust particularly during winter months.
S5 Env 5 To promote clean energy sources
S6 Env 6 To reduce pollution from industrial and hazardous waste on land and in streams to
below safe levels.
S7 Env 7 To provide adequate public sanitation facilities where people congregate.
S8 Env 8 To reduce levels of water pollution through sewage contamination.
S9 Env 9 To reduce levels of animal waste in suburbs, particularly pigs and dogs.
S10 Env 10 To revise standards and methods of park classification and ensure maintenance of
parks to this standard.
S11 Env 11 To develop 5 parks in Thaba Nchu, Botshabelo and Mangaung townships.
S12 Env 12 To ensure that basic supporting infrastructure (roads) are well maintained.
S13 Env 13 To develop an efficient and safe public transport system.
S14 Env 14 Enforcement of by-laws to ensure clean environment.

Page 24 of 69
In view of the extensive list of environmental issues listed from the IDP, the State of the Environment
Report as well as the Legal Compliance Audit, it is important to consider whether these strategies would
address all the environmental issues.

Page 25 of 69
The table below provides a brief summary of the level to which existing strategies would address the
identified environmental issues.
ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES
(Refer to section ___ for more detailed description)
Ref S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
E6
E7
E8
E9
E10
E11
E12
E13
E14
E15
E16
E17
E18
E19
E20
E21
E22
E23
E24
E25
E26
E27
E28
E29
E30
E31
E32
ENVIRONMNETALISSUES
(Refertosection____fordetaileddescription)
Direct Linkages Indirect Linkages No linkage
The additional strategies and associated projects area indicated below:

Page 26 of 69
5.1. LEGISLATION (Regulated)
5.1.1 NON-COMPLIANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROCEDURES
MLM does not comply with all environmental legislation, regulations and procedures that require
environmental authorisation during all service delivery actions and activities. This no-compliance places
the municipality and the environment at risk.
• Lack of information
• Lack of management control
• Absence of structure
• Lack of access to the law
• Lack of knowledge of requirements.
• Lack of skills to adhere to all regulations.
• Set in old ways and procedures.
• No monitoring of municipal requirements.
• Lack of exposure to environmental forums.
• Absence of central co-ordinating agent (Champion)
• Lack of Resources.
• Lack of knowledge regarding correct procedures.
• Lack of knowledge regarding correct procedures.
• Pesticides handled by unqualified persons.
• Lack of control measures and procedures for pesticides.
Objective 1: To ensure legal compliance by all (council, employees, contractors) for all its
activities, products and services.
The key strategies are:
Ÿ By frequently monitoring the legal compliance of the municipality to external legislation and
regulations [EMU 1.1.8.].
Ÿ By centrally monitoring the municipal compliance to EIA Regulations.
Ÿ By enforcement of standards and by-laws to ensure clean environment [IDP S14].
Ÿ By lobbying for devolution to municipality of provincial powers as well as relevant funding in terms
of identified listed activities [EMU 1.1.3].
Ÿ By constantly monitoring and collecting new environmental policies, regulations and legislation.
Ÿ By ensuring that all employees have access to environmental information, policies, by-laws and
regulations.
Ÿ By identifying and monitoring all areas where Hazardous Chemical Substances are stored, handled,
transported and disposed of.

Page 27 of 69
Ÿ By monitoring permits for storage, handling, transporting and disposal of Hazardous Chemical
Substances.
Ÿ By ensuring sufficient regional Hazmat response measures.
Ÿ By ensuring that personnel and the general public understands the dangers associated with
Hazardous Chemical Substances
Ÿ By identifying and monitoring all areas where asbestos are stored, handled, transported and
disposed of.
Ÿ By systematically eradicating asbestos from municipal facilities and buildings.
Ÿ By ensuring that personnel and the general public understands the dangers associated with the
long-term exposure to asbestos.
Ÿ By identifying and monitoring all areas where pesticides are stored, handled, transported and
disposed of.
Ÿ By training key personnel in proper use of pesticides.
Project No. Programme Project
1.1. ORGP Multi-stakeholder forum to deliver on the actions references on the focus areas
1.2. REGP Frequent Environmental Legal Compliance Audits [EMU 1.1.8].
1.3. REGP Monitoring programme of required EIA procedures [EMU 1.1.2].
1.4. STGP Development of EIA process guidelines and departmental manuals [EMU 1.1.4].
1.5. REGP EMU to develop EIA reports on behalf of MLM [EMU 1.1.11].
1.6. REGP Central register and library of environmental legislation.
1.7. LAWP Interpretation and dissemination of all environmental policies and bylaws to various
service units [EMU 2.1.2].
1.8. REGP Identify all potential risk areas.
1.9. REGP Central register of all past and current permits for hazardous materials (both
internally and externally).
1.10. STGP Hazmat response plan.
1.12. RHBP Schedule for the eradication of asbestos from municipal facilities.
1.13. PATP Public awareness campaign on dangers of asbestos.
1.15. STGP Municipal protocols for handling of pesticides.
1.16. PATP Training programme for key personnel.
5.2. LEGISLATION (REGULATOR)
5.2.1 OUT DATED BY LAWS
Current by-laws are either out dated or does not address the issues. This results in a lack of proper
localised regulations and non-enforcement.

Page 28 of 69
• Lack of knowledge of proper and comprehensive environmental management requirements.
• Lack of policy basis for extensive by-laws.
• Ad-hoc updating of by-laws.
• Absence of central co-ordinating agent.
• Importance of authorisations are not realised by roleplayers.
• Municipality is often by-passed ito. authorisations.
• Provincial authorities lack resources to effectively monitor authorisation.
• Lack of knowledge regarding alternative energies.
• Poverty leaving very little alternatives.
• Lack of resources for enforcement.
• Inadequate policy
• Translate policy to effective bylaws
• Inadequate structure and capacity to implement bylaws
• No structure and capacity to reinforce bylaws
• Lack of communication of bylaws
• Unfunded mandates
• Timeous review and upgrade of existing policies and bylaws
• Policies and laws are not updated according to developments in legislation
• Poor enforcement of policies that are in line with new developments in MLM / broader legal framework
Objective 2: To ensure sufficient suite of local environmental bylaws and effective enforcement
thereof.
• By development of relevant policies towards e.g. Authorisations, Inspections, Wetlands, etc. [EMU
2.1.5].
• By enforcement of by-laws to ensure clean environment [IDP S14].
• By incorporating an update cycle for bylaws into IDP and IEP review process.
• By lobbying for devolution to municipality of provincial powers as well as relevant funding in terms of
identified listed activities [EMU 1.1.3].
• By ensuring that all procedureswithin the MLM that approve activities include environmental
authorisation process.
• By ensuring that all activities of the MLM listed in terms of the Regulations of the Environmental
Conservation’s Act must be accompanied by EIA’s.
• By reducing air pollution from coal fires and dust particularly during winter months [IDP Env4].
• By researching alternative energy solutions for households.
• By ensuring that municipal facilities and equipment adhere to Smoke Control Regulations.

Page 29 of 69
Project No. Project Programme
2.1. Formulation and dissemination of environmental policies [EMU 2.1.2,5&6]. LAWP
2.2. Environmental law enforcement programme. LAWP
2.3. Guidelines for cyclic updating of environmental by-laws. STGP
2.4. Development of EIA process guidelines and departmental manuals [EMU
1.1.4].
STGP
2.5. Frequent Environmental Legal Compliance Audits [EMU 1.1.8]. REGP
2.6. Central register of all past and current authorisations (both internally and
externally).
REGP
2.7. Alternative energies programme. STRP
2.8. Public awareness campaign on alternative energies and dust reduction. PATP
2.9. Investigate and monitor smoke control at municipal facilities. REGP
5.3. OWN ACTIVITIES / INFRASTRUCTURE
5.3.1 ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF MUNICIPAL FACILITIES
Current facilities are not always energy efficient and old technologies are used. This causes high running
costs and leads to energy wastage and air pollution.
• Old and familiar technologies in place.
• Lack of resources for implementation.
• Limited renewable energy sources in area.
• Infrastructure is not always energy efficient
Objective 3: To improve energy efficiency of existing facilities where possible, but continually
ensure that new facilities are energy efficient.
• By promoting clean energy sourcesacross the municipality [IDP Env5].
• By encouraging the use of energy saving devises in existing, new and upgraded developments
[EMU 2.2.7]
• By promoting energy efficient architecture and design for upgrading existing facilities and
development of new facilities.
3.1. Alternative energies programme. STGP
3.2. Training of personnel on energy saving devises. PATP

Page 30 of 69
3.3. Energy saving devises as standard practice e.g. energy efficient street lamps. EQPP
3.4. Develop standards on energy efficiency and link them to approval of building plans
for extensions and new developments.
STGP
5.3.2 POLLUTION LEVELS AT MUNICIPAL FACILITIES
Certain municipal facilities contribute significantly towards surrounding water, ground and surface water
and air pollution.
• Shortage of space or alternatives for disposal of waste.
• Lack of house-keeping
• Spillages of chemical substances (especially servicing of vehicles in uncontrolled workshops)
• Lack of control on dust contamination and storm water run-off
Objective 4: To have municipal buildings that area clean and not contributing to the pollution of
surrounding areas.
• By formulating and implementing measures for the minimization of waste at municipal facilities.
• By creating special waste collection and schedules for waste generated at own facilities
• By establishing or sourcing facilities for disposal of hazardous waste generated at own facilities
4.1. Identifyall potential risk areas REGP
4.2. Sufficient waste collection schedule. STGP
4.3. Municipal waste reduction strategy and implementation plan at each facility. STGP
4.4. Capabilities and facilities to deal with hazardous waste PATP / EQPP
4.5. Infrastructure upgrade at high risk facilities both for waste collection areas and
dust and storm water problem
EQPP
5.3.3 AUTHORIZATIONS AT OWN FACILTIES
Insufficient compliance and knowledge of authorization at own facilities which could lead to pollution and
legal liabilities.
• Lack of knowledge of legal requirements of activities.
• Lack of knowledge of regulations.

Page 31 of 69
• Rapid urbanisation and densification.
• Lenient development standards.
• Inherited infrastructure during amalgamation.
• Internal audit process does not yet address legal compliance of municipal activities
• Lack of knowledge of standards.
• Lack of resources to implement standards.
Objective 5: To have all own facilities authorised in terms of legislation and to ensure compliance
to the conditions of the authorisations.
• By determining where Environmental Management Plans are required and have been developed
and implemented.
• By constantly evaluating compliance with Environmental Management Plans in terms of
environmental standards and regulations [ EMU 1.1.5].
• By obtaining the necessary water use authorization for all municipal water uses from the relevant
authorities.
• By ensuring that all water service providers are registered with the municipality.
• By ensuring that areas where on-site disposal facilities and communal septic tanks are located are
identified and authorizations obtained for these areas. By creating development standardsto
prevent the concentration of on-site disposal. facilities
• By upgrading sewage purification works where required to comply with legislation.
• By registering all sewage purification works according to regulations.
• By ensuring that all staff working at all municipal facilities are properly trained and in possession of
the necessary certificates.
• By upgrading power plant facilities where required to adhere to standards.
• By identifying and certifying all scheduled processes at the power station and crematorium to
comply with standards.
• By ensuring that the internal audit process addresses the legal compliance of all municipal activities
5.1. EMP Monitoring programme [EMU 1.1.6]. REGP
5.2. Check all municipal quarry EMPs for validity. REGP
5.3. Audit compliance with authorization of all municipal facilities (quarries, disposal
sites and sewage works )
LAWP
5.4. Valid municipal permits for water uses obtained from authorities. LAWP
5.5. Registering of all water service providers. REGP

Page 32 of 69
5.6. Upgrade all municipal facilities, which are not in compliance with authorization
conditions.
EQPP
5.7. Identify areas of on-site disposal concentration. REGP
5.8. Monitor compliance with authorizations for on-site disposal and septic tanks. REGP
5.9. Develop technical standards to avoid concentration of on-site disposal. STGP
5.10. Registration of all sewage purification works not registered. REGP
5.11. Training of staff to required standards. PATP
5.12. Identify all scheduled processes REGP
5.13. Schedule for potential upgrading of facilities. EQPP
5.14. Certification of scheduled processes. LAWP
5.15. Monitoring of scheduled processes. REGP
5.4. SUPPORT SERVICES
5.4.1 INSUFFICIENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES IN
SERVICE DELIVERY PROCESSES
Service delivery and development processes does not always incorporate environmental management
procedure as part of the execution. This could cause development to be unsustainable and counter
develop as much as develop.
• Poverty places priority on development before environmental management.
• Economic activities are often seen as opposing environmental management.
Objective 6: To ensure that all the roleplayers (e.g. workers and developers) are aware of the
environmental issues by 2005.
• By frequently reporting on the sustainability of development and services within MLM [EMU 2.2.3].
• By Incorporating environmental issues, procedures and regulation in all service and land planning
procedures[EMU 2.2.5].
• By incorporating environmental objectives into all IDP Sector plans [EMU 2.1.17].
• By developing minimum environmental standards for the Mangaung Local Municipality [EMU 2.1.7].
• By developing, promoting & adopting an Environmental Management System (EMS) such as
ISO14001 within MLM [EMU 2.1.11].
6.1. Integrated Environmental Policy for MLM [EMU 2.1.3]. LAWP
6.2. Minimum Environmental Standards for MLM [EMU 2.1.7]. STGP
6.3. Environmental Management System [EMU 2.1.11]. STGP
6.4. Strategic Environmental Management Plan (SEMP) [EMU 2.1.16]. STGP

Page 33 of 69
6.5. Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEA) [EMU 2.1.19 STGP
6.6. Evaluate all sector plans (LED Programme) for Environmental issues [EMU 1.1.7]. STGP
5.4.2 UNDEFINED ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF EXECUTIVE
DIRECTORS
Delegations issued to Executive Directors does not reflect environmental legislation in their functions and
responsibilities. Non-inclusion of environmental legal obligations in delegation of powers to management.
• Unco-ordinated focus of environmental efforts before Environmental Management Unit.
• Lack of knowledge of the existing environmental legislation
Objective 7: Establish a dedicated environmental unit with knowledgeable personnel with
appropriate delegated powers by end of 2004.
• By incorporating environmental responsibilities ito. Legislation and functions into post
descriptions and evaluation criteria of senior management.
7.1. Environmental Implementation Plan (EIP) for MLM [EMU 2.1.4]. STGP
7.2. Environmental inputs into post descriptions. ORGP
5.4.3 MONITORING OF WATER CONSUMPTION
The ability to provide water to the required standard levels is affected by the level of water consumption
(or water wastage) and should therefore by monitored to be managed effectively.
• Domestic and industrial water wastage.
• Lack of resources to monitor entire network.
• Water leakages.
Objective 8: To have a sensitized community in terms of water usage.
• By reducing levels of water pollution through sewage contamination [IDP Env8].

Page 34 of 69
• By encouraging the use of water saving devisesin existing, new and upgraded developments [EMU
2.2.9].
• By monitoring domestic and municipal water use in order to optimize water availability.
• By ensuring that the access to water is in line with the service provision requirements of the
Government
Project No. Project Progarmme
8.1. Water saving campaign including education and water saving devices. PATP
8.2. Water consumption monitoring through metering and permit for extraction REGP
5.4.4 UNREGULATED AND IRRESPONSIBLE LAND USES
Non-environmentally sensitive planning of neighbourhoods and the constant pressure of development in
lower use and sensitive areas leads to the pollution and loss of land resources.
• Profit driven development.
• Addressing poverty.
• Change of market areas and districts.
• Political opportunism
• Criminality (save havens – illegally cut plots for people to shield them)
Objective 9: Regulation of land use and enforcement of usage of land in terms of scheme
regulations.
• By ensuring that strong environmental standards are incorporated within planning and
development standards.
• By providing a clear strategic development framework for municipal open spaces.
• By providing guidelines and standards for sustainable development practices.
• By enforcing EIA regulations during all development procedures.
9.1. Environmental standards incorporated within development standards. STGP
9.2. Urban Open Space Framework STGP
9.3. Enforcing EIA regulations during developments. LAWP

Page 35 of 69
5.5. CONSERVATION
5.5.1 WASTE REDUCTION AND MANAGE MENT
Increased waste volumes and the controlled and uncontrolled disposal thereof places tremendous
pressure on all environmental resources. Effective management of these environmental resources will
require waste reduction and waste management. Integrated waste management (cradle to grave
concept).
• Illegal dumping of waste.
• Lack of motivation by residents to reduce waste.
• Limited resources
• Poor compaction and covering with soil leads to wind distribution and pollution of environment.
• No access control at waste sites
• Poor access to waste/dumping sites.
• Lack of waste management strategy / IWMP
• Lack of knowledge.
Objective 10: To implement the National Waste Management System (NWMS) at a local level.
• By increasing the volume of waste collected to weekly collections with 10% recycled by 2006 [IDP
Env2].
• By enforcing local compliance with all applicable legislation [EMU 1.2.7].
• By educating and training the community around the issue of waste disposal and the effects it can
have on the environment and health conditions.
• By ensuring that any person dealing with waste at least meet the minimum requirements and
standards as set by DWAF;
• By formulating and implementing waste related by -laws;
• By promoting recycling amongst all citizens.
• By ensuring that waste is disposed of at a properly designed and operated landfill areas which are
permitted by DWAF;
• By ensuring constant maintenance of waste removal and compaction equipment.
• By providing more refuse bins or skips.
• By implementing community based and driven clean-up projects.
• By implement the polluter pays principle.

Page 36 of 69
5.5.2 WATER POLLUTION
Water pollution due to pesticides, herbicides, agricultural activities, heavy metals and sulphates.
• Illegal dumping of waste into rivers, stormwater gutters etc;
• Dirty washing water, which is thrown away in the river or street and is then washed into nearby streams
when it rains.
• Industrial and municipal sewerage water gets directly dumped into rivers.
• Limited waste removal service exist in some areas.
• People living on the river banks as well as removal of vegetation along rivers.
• Effluents from sewerage treatment works and industries might reach water resources.
• Irresponsible use of fertilizers and pesticides.
• Underground water pollution from waste disposal sites
• Dumping of raw sewage at waste disposal sites
• Potential for groundwater pollution in low density areas e.g. small holdings if density is increased
Objective 11: To reduce the overall water pollution in all areas to the municipality.
• By reducing levels of water pollution through sewage contamination [IDP Env8].
• By enforcing local compliance with all applicable legislation [EMU 1.2.7].
• By ensuring that the national information system and protocols are adhered to and reported
accordingly to provincial government [EMU 1.2.9].
• By training and educating the community on water conservation.
• By protecting river edge vegetation in order to protect the river system against pollution and to assist
in flood prevention.
• By actively promoting the prevention of overgrazing.
• By establishing an open space system that incorporates watercourses etc.
• Managing waste responsibly.
11.1. Frequent State of the Environment Reports [EMU 2.1.18]. REGP
11.2. Legislative enforcement programme [EMU 1.2.7]. LAWP
11.3. Public awareness campaign on water conservation. PATP
11.4. Awareness raising i.t.o waste management PATP
11.5. Education on handling and disposal of pesticides and herbicides PATP

Page 37 of 69
5.5.3 AIR POLLUTION
Air pollution is increasing in certain zones and contributes to odours, Green House gases, high ambient
particulate concentrations and respiratory health problems.
• Lack of electricity leading to burning of coal and fuel wood.
• Smog from burning of tyres and domestic waste.
• Dust from agricultural lands and gravel roads.
• Veld fires.
• Odours from abattoirs and other industries.
• Stock kraals situated within residential areas.
• Emissions from industrial processes.
• Incineration of medical waste e.g. at Universitas Hospital.
• Lack of safe, affordable and reliable public transport leading to higher levels of vehicle emissions.
• People not educated or motivated towards reducing air pollution.
• Improve public transport systems
Objective 12: To minimize air pollution (prevent and reduce) in MLM through control of acts
causing air pollution.
• To have & ensure compliance with appropriate bylaws on air pollution
• By ensuring that the national information system and protocols are adhered to and reported
accordingly to provincial govern
• ment [EMU 1.2.9].
• By promoting local research and development programmes in line with the national air quality
framework [EMU 1.2.10].
• By evaluating environmental impact assessments and implementing management plans where
required.
• By monitoring air pollution constantly.
• By training and education residents on air pollution sources and reduction.
• By electrifying and providing affordable electricity to areas that are still without electricity.
• By promoting the use of smokeless stoves.
• By preventing veld fires through fire associations and breaker areas.
• By enforcing applicable legislation and formulating appropriate local by laws. Prohibit domestic waste
burning
• By encouraging the use of energy saving devisesin existing, new and upgraded developments
[EMU 2.2.7].

Page 38 of 69
• Upgrade gravel roads in dense areas
•
12.1. Specific policies, bylaws and guidelines on Air Quality Control [EMU 1.2.8]. STGP / LAWP
12.2. Ambient Air Quality and noise nuisances Research and Monitoring Programme
[EMU 1.2.4,5,10,11&13].
REGP
12.3. Emission licensing for Controlled Processes [EMU 1.2.6]. LAWP
12.4. Environmental education and public awareness programme on air quality
management and energy conservation [EMU 1.2.3 & 2.2.8].
PATP
12.5. Promotion of energy efficient heating and lighting. (also E09) EQPP
12.6. Implement & monitor of veld fires management plan Enforcement of
Environmental Legislation and local bylaws [EMU 1.2.15]
STGP / REGP
12.7. Formulation of Local By Laws. LAWP
12.8. Specific policies, standards, and guidelines on Air Quality and noise nuisance
Management and Control [EMU 1.2.8, 11 & 2.1.9].
STGP / LAWP
12.9. Air quality management in State of the Environment Reports [EMU 1.2.2. &
2.1.18].
REGP
5.5.4 LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY
The loss of biodiversity is visible in the number of threatened species located in the MLM area, the
spreading of alien and invader species, and habitat fragmentation due to a lack of functional open space
systems.
• Unsustainable agricultural practices.
• High frequency of veld fires.
• Introduction of alien species and natural alien invation.
• Lack of legislation enforcement.
• Unsustainable use of natural resources.
• Overexploitation of plants with medicinal value.
• Lack of knowledge regarding the environment.
• Lack of functional open space systems.
• Uncontrolled green field development
• Increase in pollution
• Encroaching of urban areas.
• Resources not employed to protect biodiversity
Objective 13: To ensure the protection of habitats that would facilitate improved bio-diversity.

Page 39 of 69
• By revising standards and methods of park classification.
• Ensure maintenance of parks to this standard [IDP Env10].
• By facilitating the rehabilitation of environmentally disturbed areas in the Mangaung Loc al Municipality
through the implementation of relevant legislation and co-operation with other relevant role players
[EMU 1.1.10].
• By defining and declaring sensitive and specially demarcated areas for control and conservation
[2.1.15].
• By conducting environmental impact assessment and formulating management plans where required.
• By removing alien species.
• By preventing veld fires especially the high frequency at which they sometimes occur.
• By implementing a functional open space system.
•
13.1. State of the Environment Reports [EMU 2.1.18]. to address specie diversity in
municipality.
REGP
13.2. Rehabilitation and conservation programme [EMU 1.1.10]. RHBP
13.3. Urban Open Space System. develop STRP
13.4. Public conservancies encouraged. CONP
13.5. Programme for the removal of alien species. CONP
5.5.5 ECONOMIC USE OF BIODIVERSITY
Natural habitats and general biodiversity are used for economic activities which increases their
usefulness and value, but care need to be taken not to overuse or misuse these areas.
• Poverty leads to the over utilisation of biodiversity.
• Rigid protection leads to the non-utilisation of biodiverstiy and thus the non-function thereof.
• The drive for profit
• Lack of awareness
Objective 14: To ensure that by 2007 environmental / natural resources are not over utilised for
economic purposes.
Ÿ By co-ordinating the development of environmental economic instruments for the Mangaung Local
Municipality [EMU 2.1.8].

Page 40 of 69
Ÿ By formulating standards and methods of open space classification and ensure management and
maintenance of open spaces to acceptable standards.
Ÿ By identifying and involving all stakeholders in the process of policy formulation.
14.2. Incorporate use of bio-diversity resources into LED Programme STGP
14.3. Effective Management of open spaces used for social and economic purposes. MANP
5.5.6 INSUFFICIENT CONTROL OF INVADER PLANT SPECIES
Vegetation, including riparian vegetation, is in danger of alien and invader species.
• Lack of knowledge of species.
• Lack of resources to eradicate alien species.
• Large corps of alien species on private land.
Objective 15: To ensure that by 2007 sufficient control measures are in place for the eradication of
invader plant species.
• By identifying and protecting sensitive areas at risk of alien invasion.
• By promoting the increase of indigenous species amongst all citizens.
15.2. Alien species eradication programme. CONP
15.3. Promotion of indigenous plants. CONP
5.5.7 DAMAGE AND LOSS OF SOIL RESOURCES
Damage and loss of soil resources takes place by means of poor storm water management, erosion,
pollution.
• Overgrazing.
• Areas of high population density.
• Poor land management practices.
• Vegetation removal on erven as well as removal of vegetation from riverbanks and steep slopes.

Page 41 of 69
• Unsustainable utilization of vegetation as a fuel source.
• Lack of legislation enforcement.
• Poor or lack of effective stormwater management
• Drought.
Objective 16: To ensure that by 2007 sufficient control measures are in place to prevent damage
and loss of soil resources.
Ÿ By ensuring the all procedures within the MLM that approve actions must include environmental
authorization process.
Ÿ By identifying areas with soil erosion, soil pollution and poor storm water management addressing
specific causes.
Ÿ By promoting areas with a high possibility for erosion to implement measures like contour farming,
buffer strips of natural vegetation etc. to reduce the effect of erosion.
16.2. Soil conservation programme CONP
16.3. Education of all stakeholders PATP
16.4. Emergency measures for times of drought RHBP
5.5.8 DAMAGE AND LOSS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES
Cultural heritage resources are constantly under pressure and threat of being lost which affects the social
environment.
• Lack of respect for culturalresources.
• Lack of financial and human resources.
• Pressure of developments on areas of cultural and historical significance.
• Lack of knowledgeof existence of cultural heritage resources
• Not adhering to our legislation responsibilities
• Lack of community ownership of cultural heritage resources
Objective 17: To ensure that by 2006 sufficient management plans are in place to prevent damage
and loss of all cultural heritage resources.

Page 42 of 69
Ÿ By identifying and registering all cultural heritage resources within the municipality.
Ÿ By incorporating the management of these resources as part of municipal responsibilities with
dedicated service units
Ÿ By promoting community ownership through partnerships
17.2. Register of heritage sites. REGP
17.3. Management plans for heritage sites. MANP
17.4. Consideration of heritage sites during development evaluations MANP
17.5. Public participation CBPP
5.6. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
5.6.1 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION MAKING
Public participation during environmental decision making processes is not as structured as required by
legislation.
• Lack of Co-operative governance.
• Lack of compliance to legislation.
Objective 18: To ensure that by 2006 public participation during environmental decision making
processes is structured as required by legisl ation.
Ÿ By subscribing to the principles of co-operative governance.
Ÿ By investigating complaints received at the Mangaung Local Municipality, evaluating the relevant
activities and to make recommendations on the correct course of action to be taken [EMU 1.1.9].
Ÿ By supporting environmental interest groups and clubs [EMU 2.2.10].
Ÿ By co-ordinating the promotion & adoption of local agenda 21 in the Mangaung Local Municipality
[EMU 2.2.2].
Ÿ By co-ordinating & facilitating Access to Environmental Information [EMU 2.2.6].
18.1. Develop co-operative agreements between organs of state (MOUs) [EMU
2.1.12].
ORGP
18.2. Environmental committee for MLM [EMU 2.2.4]. ORGP

Page 43 of 69
18.3. Environmental Management Co-operative Agreements with Industry [EMU
2.1.13].
ORGP
18.4. Local Agenda 21 for MLM [EMU 2.2.2]. CBPP
18.5. Development of and dissemination of Environmental Information Manual [EMU
2.2.6].
STGP
18.6. Celebrate environmental commemorative days [EMU 2.1.13]. PATP
5.6.2 PUBLIC OWNERSHIP OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
Past environmental conservation initiatives proved that success is dependent on public ownership of their
environmental resources.
• Lack of community involvement in conservation matters
• Lack of municipal resources
• By supporting environmental interest groups
Objective 19: To ensure that by 2006 the community takes ownership of environmental resources.
Ÿ By co-ordinating the promotion & adoption of local agenda 21 in the Mangaung Local Municipality
[EMU 2.2.2].
Ÿ By facilitating Environmental Conciliation [EMU 2.1.14].
Ÿ By developing and implementing community environmental policies (SCEP) [EMU 2.2.14] at
educational facilities.
19.1. Local Agenda 21 for MLM [EMU 2.2.2]. CBPP
19.2. Education facilities and community environmental policies (SCEP) [EMU 2.2.14]. PATP
19.3. Guidelines, procedures and funding of community based initiatives. STGP
5.7. EDUCATION AND TRAINING
5.7.1 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RIGHTS OF MUNICIPAL PE RSONNEL
Municipal personnel are not always aware of their environmental and occupational health rights which put
them at risk.
• Lack of knowledge.

Page 44 of 69
Objective 20: To ensure that by 2005 all municipal personnel are aware of their environmental and
occupational health rights.
Ÿ By establishing an environmental education system.
Ÿ By formulating occupation health standards in line with national legislation.
Ÿ By creating measures for the control of occupational health standards.
20.1. Occupational health and environmental charter with implementation measures. STGP
5.7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT OF MUNICIPAL PERSONNEL
Although the municipality is committed to sustainable provision of services, personnel need to be trained
in environmental skills for effective implementation.
• Lack of environmental skills by personnel
Objective 21: To ensure that by 2006 all municipal personnel are sufficiently trained in
environmental skills to ensure sustainable service provision.
Ÿ By establishing an environmental skills education system.
Ÿ By ensuring training & capacity building of officials in the Mangaung Local Municipality [EMU 2.2.12].
21.1. Training of Staff [EMU 1.1.1,1.2.1,2.1.1,2.2.1] PATP
21.2. Evaluation of staff in terms of environmental functions ORGP
5.7.3 PUBLIC ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
As the general public and every household is both the largest contributor to environmental degradation
and conservation alike, an increase level of awareness and knowledge of the general public towards
environmental conservation is essential.
• Lack of awareness and knowledge

Page 45 of 69
Objective 22: To ensure that by 2007 the general public and every household are made aware of
and have knowledge of environmental conservation.
Ÿ By establishing an environmental education system.
Ÿ By co-ordinating & facilitating Access to Environmental Information [EMU 2.2.6].
Ÿ By developing environmental education resource material [EMU 2.2.11].
22.1. Environmental education and public awareness programme. PATP
22.2. Development and dissemination of Environmental Information Manual [EMU 2.2.6]. STGP
22.3. Celebrate environmental commemorative days [EMU 2.1.13]. PATP
22.4. Development and dissemination of Environmental education resource material [EMU
2.2.11].
STGP

Page 46 of 69
6. IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMMES
To ensure that the formulated strategies and projects are implemented within the available resources and
functions of the municipality, it was grouped within ten action or implementation programmes. These
programmes will ensure the co-ordination and sharing of resources throughout the Mangaung
Municipality toward the co-ordination and sharing of responsibilities and resources during the
implementation of the Mangaung Integrated Environmental Plan.
The implementation programmes include the following:
1. Research and Registration Programme (REGP) This programme will aim to collect and disseminate quality
information on environmental issues through research,
listing, registering and mapping such information from a
central point. This will also include the monitoring of
information on the status of the various issues and activities.
2. Community Based Planning & Management
Programme (CBPP)
This programme will aim to promote and co-ordinate
structured community ownership of their environmental
resources.
3. Management Programme (MANP) This programme will aim to constantly manage and control
environmental impacts through strategic studies and action
frameworks as well as procedural development.
4. Public Awareness and Training Programme
(PATP)
This programme will aim to create awareness amongst the
general public regarding various environmental issues as
well as ensure training for both the community as well as
specialised training for internal personnel.
5. Standards and Guidelines Programme (STGP) This programme will aim to provide standards, guidelines
and /or manuals for any procedural activities to address the
environmental issues.
6. Organisational structuring Programme (ORGP) This programme will aim to create effective co-ordinating
structures to address the various environmental issues. This
will include the formulation, allocation and monitoring of
internal responsibilities.
7. Law enforcement Programme (LAWP) This programme will aim to formulate and enforce such
policy positions, by laws and law enforcement procedures
as is required to address the identified environmental
issues.

Page 47 of 69
8. Equipment and technology programme
(EQPP)
This programme will aim to upgrade and replace municipal
equipment and technology which are not resource efficient
or which might have negative impacts on the environment.
9. Conservation Programme (CONP) This programme will aim to promote, co-ordinate and
manage the conservation of resources within the municipal
area.
10. Rehabilitation Programme (RHBP) This programme will aim to promote, co-ordinate and
manage the rehabilitation of areas which have been
degraded within the municipal area.

Page 48 of 69
6.1. Research and Registration Programme (REGP)
6.1.1 PURPOSE
This programme will aim to collect and disseminate quality information on environmental issues through
research, listing, registering and mapping such information from a central point. This will also include the
monitoring of information on the status of the various issues and activities
6.1.2 ROLEPLAYERS
It is envisaged that a cluster of units and external roleplayers will be key to the implementation of this
programme. Specific internal and external roleplayers are listed below:
Key MLM Units External Roleplayers
Environmental Management
Waste Management
Water and Sanitation
Planning
Natural Resource Management
GIS Unit
Legal Services
Department of Tourism, Environmental and
Economic Affairs
6.1.3 ACTIVITIES AND PROJECTS
This programme will focus on the following main activities:
• Central co-ordination legislative information and authorisations;
• Environmental Quality Monitoring;
• Legal Compliance Auditing, and
• State of the Environment Reporting.
The relationship between these activities and formulated projects are indicated overleaf. The key
responsible MLM unit as well as the priority of the individual projects are also indicated.

Page 49 of 69
Research and Registration Programme (REGP) summary of activities:
Activities Project No. Project Key MLM Unit Priority
1.9. Central register of all past and current permits for hazardous
materials (both internally and externally).
Environmental
Management
A
2.6. Central register of all past and current authorisations (both internally
and externally).
Environmental
Management
A
5.10. Registration of all sewage purification works not registered. Water and Sanitation A
5.2. Check all municipal quarry EMPs for validity. Environmental
Management
A
5.5. Registering of all water service providers. Water and Sanitation B
17.2. Register of heritage sites. Planning B
Central co-ordination
legislative information
and authorisations
1.6. Central register and library of environmental legislation. Environmental
Management
C
1.3. Monitoring programme of required EIA procedures [EMU 1.1.2]. Environmental
Management
A
5.1. EMP Monitoring programme [EMU 1.1.6]. Environmental
Management
A
5.15. Monitoring of scheduled processes. Environmental
Management / Waste
Management / Water and
Sanitation
A
5.8. Monitor compliance with authorizations for on-site disposal and septic
tanks.
Water and Sanitation B
8.2. Water consumption monitoring through metering and permit for
extraction
Water and Sanitation B
12.2. Ambient Air Quality and noise nuisances Research and Monitoring
Programme [EMU 1.2.4,5,10,11&13].
Environmental
Management
B
12.6. Implement & monitor of veld fires management plan Enforcement of
Environmental Legislation and local bylaws [EMU 1.2.15]
Natural Resource
Management
B
2.9. Investigate and monitor smoke control at municipal facilities. Environmental
Management
B
Environmental Quality
Monitoring
1.5. EMU to develop EIA reports on behalf of MLM [EMU 1.1.11]. Environmental
Management
C
Legal Compliance
Auditing
1.2. & 2.5. Frequent Environmental Legal Compliance Audits [EMU 1.1.8]. Environmental
Management
A

Page 50 of 69
12.9. Air quality management in State of the Environment Reports [EMU
1.2.2. & 2.1.18].
Environmental
Management
A
11.1. &
13.1. &
14.1, 15.1,
16.1, 17.1
Frequent State of the Environment Reports [EMU 2.1.18]. Environmental
Management
A
1.8. & 1.11.
& 1.14
Identify all potential non-compliance risk areas within municipal
facilities.
Environmental
Management / Waste
Management / Water and
Sanitation
B
4.1. Identify all potential pollution risk areas within municipal facilities. Waste Management B
5.12. Identify all scheduled processes Environmental
Management
B
State of the
Environment Reporting
5.7. Identify areas of on-site disposal concentration. Waste Management B

Page 51 of 69
6.2. Community Based Planning & Management
Programme (CBPP)
6.2.1 PURPOSE
This programme will aim to promote and co-ordinate structured community ownership of their
environmental resources.
6.2.2 ROLEPLAYERS
Environmental Management
Corporate Services
Speaker’s Office
National Department of Environmental Affairs
and Tourism
• Public Participation in environmental decision making

Page 52 of 69
Community Based Planning & Management Programme (CBPP) summary of activities:
17.5. Public participation Corporate Services /
Environmental
Management
APublic Participation in
environmental decision
making
18.4., 19.1 Local Agenda 21 for MLM [EMU 2.2.2]. Environmental
Management
B

Page 53 of 69
6.3. Management Programme (MANP)
6.3.1 PURPOSE
This programme will aim to constantly manage and control environmental impacts through strategic
studies and action frameworks as well as procedural development.
6.3.2 ROLEPLAYERS
• Co-ordinated Management of natural resources, and
• Enforcement of environmental management during development processes.

Page 54 of 69
Management Programme (MANP) summary of activities:
14.3. Effective Management of open spaces used for social and economic
purposes.
ACo-ordinated
Management of natural
resources 17.3. Management plans for heritage sites. A
Enforcement of
environmental
management during
development processes
17.4. Consideration of heritage sites during development evaluations A

Page 55 of 69
6.4. Public Awareness and Training Programme (PATP)
6.4.1 PURPOSE
This programme will aim to create awareness amongst the general public regarding various
environmental issues as well as ensure training for both the community as well as specialised training for
internal personnel.
6.4.2 ROLEPLAYERS
• Internal environmental management training;
• Public training and education in critical environmental practices, and
• Raising public awareness of environmental management.

MLM Draft Integrated Environmental Plan

MLM Draft Integrated Environmental Plan

Recomendados

Recomendados

Más contenido relacionado

Destacado

Destacado (20)

Similar a MLM Draft Integrated Environmental Plan

Similar a MLM Draft Integrated Environmental Plan (20)

Más de Dickdick Maulana

Más de Dickdick Maulana (20)

Último

Último (20)

MLM Draft Integrated Environmental Plan