5 16-12 curated series #2 presentation

Hot Topics: The DuraSpace
Community Webinar Series

Series Two:
Managing and preserving audio and
video in your digital repository

Curated by Karen Cariani

May 16, 2012 Hot Topics: DuraSpace Community Webinar Series

Using the Webinar
Platform

• 2-way audio for all
participants is muted
• We’ll utilize the Chat
Window for the Q&A portion
or you may use it if you are
having technical difficulties
• You may type your question
here & hit ‘enter’

Webinar 1: The Big Picture:
Preserving Audio & Digital Media

Presented by:
Karen Cariani,
Karen Colbron & Dave MacCarn


About our presenters

• Karen Cariani, Director, Media Library
& Archives, WGBH Boston

• Karen Colbron, Digital Archives
Manager, WGBH Boston

• Dave MacCarn, Chief Technologist,
WGBH Boston


Digital media preservation

Karen Colbron, Digital Archives
Manager

Who we are:
WGBH Media Library and Archives

The Analog to Digital
Challenge

© 2012 WGBH

Common (and some not so common)
formats

• 16mm film (some 35mm) • Digital betacam
• 2” videotape • D1, D2, D3, D4, D5
• 1” videotape • DVCam
• 3/4” videotape • DVCPro & DVCProHD
• Betacam • Mini DV & HDV
• Betamax
MII

© 2012 WGBH

Analog migration choices

• 2” tape ------> digi-beta --------> digital file?

• 2” tape ------------------------------> digital file?

• Is the expense and capture the same?

• Capture time is double - extra pass/ step

© 2012 WGBH

Where do we go from here?

• TAPE • BORN DIGITAL
- Condition - Codecs/wrappers
- Machinery - Nested data
- Priorities - Playback
- Storage

© 2012 WGBH

The shift from analog to digital content
creation

• Before we had 1 shoot, 10 physical tapes,
many shots per tape

• Now each time the camera is turned off, new
file created

• Now 1 shoot, many many files for each shot

© 2012 WGBH

Who wants to be the sheriff in the wild
west?
• Different formats being created all the time.
• Different cameras generate different folder
structures
• Creators may vary codecs within the same
camera/shoot
• Keeping pace with plugins to play/capture
media

© 2012 WGBH

Folder Structure
• Create folders by
card
– Assign unique
number
– Continue numbers
– Add description
– Place ENTIRE
card contents into
this folder!!

Video, video, where for art thou video?

© 2012 WGBH

Finding both audio & video

© 2012 WGBH

Storage and retrieval

How do we:
• Capture the audio and video generated by
myriad cameras
• Store the project information to allow potential
re-edit
• Store files with rich, meaningful metadata
• Store born-digital materials
• Display and retrieve born-digital materials

© 2012 WGBH

Open Text Artesia DAM

© 2012 WGBH

Video ingest tools

© 2012 WGBH

Original footage

© 2011 WGBH

How do we get here?

© 2012 WGBH

Proposed tapeless workflow
• Create a mapping document between
filemaker and DAM
• Used to generate an xml stylesheet
• Video is ingested simultaneously with the
metadata from filemaker using the xml
stylesheet
• Technical metadata is ingested simultaneously
with the video and production data using the
xml generated by the source digital files

© 2012 WGBH

That was easy, wasn’t it?

• Plug-ins to view files

• Depending on the file type we may have to re-
wrap to a quicktime wrapper, or fully transcode
the source file

• Redundant storage of raw and wrapped
materials

• Quality of data
© 2012 WGBH

We put things in. We take things out.

27 © LC-USE6-D-002716

Digital media preservation

Dave MacCarn, Chief Technoligist

From Analog to Digital to HD

• The Machine was the format.
• Now the format is file containing a
codec and a wrapper.
• Explosion of new formats with the
start of standard-definition digital
video and an even broader array of
options for high–definition recording.


Lots of Data to Collect

• The Math:
– 1920 horizontal pixels x 1080 vertical
lines x 30fps x 3 samples/pixel x 8-
10 bits/sample =
>1.2 billion bits per second.

May 16, 2012 Hot Topics: DuraSpace Community Webinar Series 31

Techniques for Data Reduction:

• Resolution Sub-sampling
• Video Encoding/Sampling
• Video Compression


Chroma & Luma Sample
No Chroma Sample

4:4:4

4:2:2

4:2:0


Video Compression

• DCT (discrete cosine transform)
• Wavelet transform
• MPEG
• H.264 (AVC)
• MPEG4 Studio Profile


Containers

• AVI
• DV-DIF
• QuickTime
• FLV
• MP4
• Motion JPEG2000
• MXF


The Scrambling Problem

• Howard Besser – Digital Longevity
– http://besser.tsoa.nyu.edu/howard/P
apers/sfs-longevity.html
• Adds to the complexity of the archive.
• MXF uses KLV
– The requirement of a library of Keys.


Practice

• Store as few different wrappers as
possible.
– Rewrap if you can.
• Know your codecs.
• If you need to transcode make the
product of equal or higher quality.
• Watch out for encoding changes.
• Know your licensing.


Questions?

Karen Colbron
WGBH Boston
Karen_colbron@wgbh.org

Dave MacCarn
WGBH Boston
Dave_maccarn@wgbh.org


Solutions for
Digital Media Preservation
• DuraCloud is simple, flexible and cost
effective

• DuraCloud offers expandable storage
space as needed for your media files

• Streaming media services available


Solutions for
Digital Media Preservation

• Sign up for a free 2 month trial account
today www.duracloud.org

• Priced for every budget
http://duracloud.org/pricing


5 16-12 curated series #2 presentation

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5 16-12 curated series #2 presentation