SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 40
Descargar para leer sin conexión
Building a Premier
                             Mid-Tier Silver Producer




Corporate Presentation
July 2012                1
Cautionary Note: Forward Looking Statements
This news release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States private securities litigation reform act of 1995
and “forward-looking information” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. Such forward-looking statements and
information herein include, but are not limited to, statements regarding Endeavour’s anticipated performance in 2012, including revenue, cash
cost and capital cost forecasts, silver and gold production, timing and expenditures to develop new silver mines and mineralized zones, silver
and gold grades and recoveries, cash costs per ounce, capital expenditures and sustaining capital and the use of the Company’s working
capital. The Company does not intend to, and does not assume any obligation to update such forward-looking statements or information, other
than as required by applicable law.

Forward-looking statements or information involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results,
level of activity, performance or achievements of Endeavour and its operations to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such
statements. Such factors include, among others: fluctuations in the prices of silver and gold, fluctuations in the currency markets (particularly
the Mexican peso, Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar); fluctuations in the price of consumed commodities, changes in national and local
governments, legislation, taxation, controls, regulations and political or economic developments in Canada and Mexico; operating or technical
difficulties in mineral exploration, development and mining activities; risks and hazards of mineral exploration, development and mining
(including environmental hazards, industrial accidents, unusual or unexpected geological conditions, pressures, cave-ins and flooding);
inadequate insurance, or inability to obtain insurance; availability of and costs associated with mining inputs and labour; the speculative
nature of mineral exploration and development, reliability of calculation of mineral reserves and resources and precious metal recoveries,
diminishing quantities or grades of mineral reserves as properties are mined; risks in obtaining necessary licenses and permits, global market
events and conditions and challenges to the Company’s title to properties; as well as those factors described in the section “risk factors”
contained in the Company’s most recent form 40F/Annual Information Form filed with the S.E.C. and Canadian securities regulatory authorities.

Forward-looking statements are based on assumptions management believes to be reasonable, including but not limited to: the continued
operation of the Company’s mining operations, no material adverse change in the market price of commodities, mining operations will operate
and the mining products will be completed in accordance with management’s expectations and achieve their stated production outcomes, and
such other assumptions and factors as set out herein.

Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in
forward-looking statements or information, there may be other factors that cause results to be materially different from those anticipated,
described, estimated, assessed or intended. There can be no assurance that any forward-looking statements or information will prove to be
accurate as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements or information. Accordingly,
readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information.



                                                                       2
Introduction

                          • One of North America’s fastest growing silver
 Endeavour Silver Corp:          mining companies


                          • Two high grade producing silver-gold operations in
 Producing Mines:                Mexico; Guanacevi Mine in Durango,
                                 Bolanitos Mine in Guanajuato

                          • Acquisition of the El Cubo Mine in Guanajuato
 Accretive Acquisition:          makes Endeavour a premier mid-tier silver
                                 producer

                          • Four district-scale exploration properties in
 Exploration Projects:            Mexico; San Sebastian, La Brisa, Parral,
                                  Guadalupe y Calvo

                          • Create a premier senior silver producer (+10
 Strategic Goal:                 million oz per year) through continued
                                 organic growth and strategic acquisitions



                                   3
Investor Highlights

  Experienced Board           Proven Operating          Focus on Quality
  and Management:               Track Record:               Assets:
   200+ years in mining      966% production growth   Large districts, big veins,
        industry                 in last 7 years       high grades, low costs


    Accretive New                                     Compelling Organic
     Acquisition:                                         Growth:
     El Cubo Mine in                                      60% expansion at
 Guanajuato, same district                            Bolanitos Mine in 2012 to
   as current operation                                       1,600 tpd


                                                        Pure Silver-Gold
    Good Liquidity:           Strong Financials:
                                                           Leverage:
 Listed on the NYSE, TSX,     Working capital est.
         Frankfurt           US$50 million, no debt   75/25 silver/gold in dore,
                                                          no base metals



                                          4
Share Capital

 Exchange Listings:             • EXK: NYSE       EDR: TSX EJD: Frankfurt

 Shares Issued:                 • 99.1 Million

 Warrants/Options:              • 6.0 Million (adds $29.9 Million)

 Fully Diluted:                 • 105.2 Million

 Share Price (July 23, 2012):   • US $7.75 USD

 Market Cap:                    • US $768 Million

 Daily Volume (3 Mo. Ave.):     • 1.5 Million Shares (TSX & NYSE)

 Strategic Shareholder:         • Fresnillo Plc 2.8%

                                • BMO (Andrew Kaip), CIBC (Brian Quast), Euro
 Analyst Coverage:                Pacific Capital (Heiko Ihle), Haywood (Chris
                                  Thompson), Salman Partners (Ash Guglani)

                                        5
Board and Management

                                          Board of Directors




Geoff Handley   Rex McLennan          Mario Szotlender       Ricardo Campoy       Bradford Cooke       Godfrey Walton
    B.Sc.        B.Sc., M.B.A               B.IR                   B.Sc.            M.Sc., P.Geo.        M.Sc., P.Geo.
  Chairman         Director               Director               Director             Director              Director
                                                                                       CEO             President & COO




                                      Additional Management




 Dan Dickson          David Howe                  Barry Devlin                 Hugh Clarke              Miguel Ordaz
     CA                   M.Sc.                    M.Sc., P.Geo.               VP, Corporate                 Ing.
     CFO             VP, Operations               VP, Exploration             Communications        Mexico Projects Director




                                                         6
Corporate Strategy
    Business Model:
•   Acquire under-explored,
    under-performing mines
    in historic silver districts
    that are built, permitted,
    staffed and about to close


•   Invest the capital and
    expertise needed to
    discover new ore-bodies,
    turn-around operations
    and re-open the mines


•   Expand silver resources
    and reserves each year
    to drive annual mine and
    plant expansions which
    fuel continuous growth         Three producing mines, Four exploration projects


                                             7
Reserves/Resources: 656% Growth Last 7 Years
                        Silver Equivalent Reserves and Resources (million oz’s)
       180
                                                                                                 163
       160




                                                                                                  EC
       140
                                                                                       121
       120
Millions




       100




                                                                                                  BO
                                                                              90
           80                                                       76
                                                            62
           60                                    53
                                       46




                                                                                                  GCVI
           40

           20                16




                                                                                                   Other
                    0                                                                            Other
             0
                  2004      2005      2006      2007        2008   2009      2010      2011      2012
           Note: 2010 Silver equivalents based on 55:1 silver: gold ratio, base metals are not included
                                                        8
Silver Production: 966% Growth Last 7 Years
                                                                  Annual Silver Production
               6


               5                                                                                                                                                       4.9-5.0




                                                                                                                                                                         EC
               4                                                                                                                                                3.73




                                                                                                                                                                         BO
                                                                                                                                                3.30
    Millions




               3
                                                                                                                            2.60
                                                                                                        2.35
                                                                                   2.15
               2




                                                                                                                                                                         GCVI
                                                              1.35
               1                         0.95

                     0.35
               0
                     2004                2005                 2006                2007                  2008               2009                 2010            2011    2012
1 Peers include: AXR, CDE, FR, FVI, GPR, HL, PAAS, SSRI and SVM.                                                                                                       Target
2 Calculated as the simple average of peer group production CAGR between 2004 and 2011 (emerging producers adjusted for their first full year of production).
Source: Intierra Ltd.


                                                                                                    9
Cash Costs: 46% Lower Last 4 Years
       $10.00                                              Endeavour Cash Costs                      Peer Group Cash Costs

                                        $9.38
                                                                   $9.03              (14%) CAGR
           $8.00                                                                      Peers1: 27% CAGR2



                                                                                                             $6.83
           $6.00
                                                                              $6.04                                    $6.00-$7.00
                                                                                             $5.71
$/oz




                                                                                                             $5.08
                                                                              $4.85
           $4.00
                                                                                             $4.13


           $2.00                        $2.59                      $2.44



                $-
                                       2007                       2008        2009           2010           2011             2012
1 Peers include: AXR, CDE, FR, FVI, GPR, HL, PAAS, SSRI and SVM.
2 Calculated as the simple average of cash cost CAGR between 2007 and 2011.
Source: Intierra Ltd.


                                                                              10
Gross Margin: Fastest Growth in Silver Sector
       $40.00            Gross Margin                 Realized Silver Price
                                                                              $35.61
       $35.00

       $30.00

       $25.00
                                                            $19.62
$/oz




       $20.00
                              $14.51         $15.49
       $15.00                                                                 $30.53
                $11.55

       $10.00
                                                           $13.91
        $5.00                                $9.48
                              $5.48
                $2.17
          $-
                2007          2008           2009           2010              2011


                                        11
GUANACEVI
  MINE




            12
Guanacevi: A Top 5 Mexican Silver District
    District Highlights:
•   Located in the Sierra Madre
      Occidental gold-silver belt

•   Produced over 450 million oz
       silver historically

•   Multiple silver veins span 10 km x
      5 km area

•   Classic epithermal ore-bodies in
       Lower Tertiary andesites

•   Excellent infrastructure near paved
      state highway, on state power
      grid

•   Porvenir Cuatro, Porvenir Dos,
      Porvenir Norte & Santa Cruz
      Mines now in production

•   Now drilling new high-grade
      mineralized zone at Milache




                                          13
Guanacevi: Four Underground Mines
                 2011 Reserves/Resources1:

P+P:                           13.5 million oz Ag
M+I:                           19.9 million oz Ag
Inf:                             15 million oz Ag

                     Q2 2012 Production

Production:                       669,754 oz Ag
                                    2,499 oz Au

Throughput:                             1100 tpd

Grades:                               269 gpt Ag
                                     0.87 gpt Au

Recoveries:                            77.4% Ag
                                       89.2% Au

Mines:                            Porvenir Norte
                                     Porvenir Dos
                                                    Porvenir Norte is the largest mine
                                  Porvenir Cuatro   operating in the Guanacevi district
                                       Santa Cruz

1) See Page 39 for details


                                                    14
Guanacevi: Upgrading the Mines & Plant
                                                    2012 Capital Projects:

                                                    Total: $21.3 million


                                                    Plant: Upgrading
                                                        conveyors, concentrate
                                                        handling, crushing,
                                                        expanding fine ore bins

                                                    Mine: New underground
                                                       development

                                                    Surface: New 115 Kv power
                                                        line

                                                    Mine: New underground
Plant Currently Operating at 1000 tonnes per day;      equipment
    Expanding to 1200 tonnes per day in 2012



                                        15
Guanacevi: Reserves and Resources

    Endeavour Discovered Five New Silver Deposits In Five Years




        773,000 tonnes       @ 304 Ag   gpt + 0.65 Au   gpt = 7.55    million Oz Ag (8.4 million Oz Ag-Eq)
        799,000 tonnes       @ 231 Ag   gpt + 0.39 Au   gpt = 5.93    million Oz Ag (6.5 million Oz Ag-Eq)
        2.8 million tonnes   @ 217 Ag   gpt + 0.42 Au   gpt = 19.92   million Oz Ag (22.1 million Oz Ag-Eq)
        2.0 million tonnes   @ 217 Ag   gpt + 0.40 Au   gpt = 14.05   million Oz Ag (15.5 million Oz Ag-Eq)




                                                              16
BOLANITOS
  MINE




            17
Bolanitos: 2nd Largest Mexico Silver District
         District Highlights:
•   Located in the Sierra Madre
        silver-gold belt

•   Produced over 1.2 billion oz       Vetas De   Vetas De
        silver historically and 5      La Luz     Sierras
        million oz gold

•   Three main vein systems span 20
        km x 20 km area

•   Classic epithermal ore-bodies in
         Lower Tertiary andesites

•   Excellent infrastructure- paved
        state highway, on state
        power grid

•   Cebada, Bolanitos and Lucero
        Mines now in production, 5
        new ore bodies in last 5
        years

•   Now drilling multiple veins in
       Bolanitos area




                                       18
Bolanitos: Three Underground Mines
            2011 Reserves/Resources1:

 P+P:                         3.3 Million Oz Ag
 M+I:                        14.6 Million Oz Ag
 Inf:                         9.8 Million Oz Ag

                   Q2 2012 Production

 Production:                    370,272 Oz Ag
                                  5,196 Oz Au

 Throughput:                          1100 tpd

 Grades:                            149 gpt Ag
                                    2.05 gpt Au


 Recoveries:                            75% Ag
                                        77% Au

 Mines:                      Bolanitos/Lucero/
                             Cebada                    View of New Lucero Mine Portal
 Development:                Asuncion/
                             Karina/ Fernanda/
1) See Page 39 for details
                             Daniela

                                                  19
Bolanitos: Expanding the Mines & Plant

2012 Capital Projects:
 Total: $20.6 million


 Plant: Complete tailings
    piping & pumps,
    expand flotation cells
    & concentrate
    handling

 Mine: New underground
   development

 Mine: New underground
   equipment


                                 Plant currently operating at 1000 tpd;
                             Expanding to 1600 tpd capacity by end of 2012


                                    20
Bolanitos: New Discoveries Near Lucero
                                   Recent Drill Results
                               • 250 gpt Ag, 5.35 gpt Au / 9.35 m

                               • 404 gpt Ag, 6.50 gpt Au / 7.35 m

                               • 448 gpt Ag, 14.0 gpt Au / 4.61 m

                               • 170 gpt Ag, 7.73 gpt Au / 7.14 m



                               2012 Exploration Targets
                               •   Daniela-Karina

                               •   La Joya- Puertocito

                               •   La Luz- Asuncion

                               •   Belen-Ericka




                      21
El Cubo Mines-New Acquisition
Endeavour Silver Acquires El Cubo Silver-Gold Mine in Guanajuato &
      Guadalupe y Calvo Exploration Property in Chihuahua




                                22
El Cubo: A Great Fit for Endeavour in Guanajuato
        El Cubo Highlights:
•   Discovered in the 1860’s more
       than 300 years after mining began in
       the Guanajuato District.

•   Producing silver-gold mine currently
       operating at 1200 tpd with 965                Vetas De   Vetas De
                                                     La Luz     Sierras
       employees

•   Produced 556,379 oz Ag and 8,670 oz
       Au or 990,000 oz silver equivalents
       in 2011 and over 80 million ounces
       of silver & 2 million ounces of
       gold historically

•   Multiple silver-gold veins over 9 km
      long, up to 10 m wide & 600 m deep

•   San Nicolas Vein averaged 10-15 gpt Au
       & 100-150 gpt Ag

•   61 mineral concessions covering 8,144
       hectares, including several mine
       adits, ramps and shafts and a 400 tpd
       leach plant, plus a lease until May
       2013 on the adjacent Las Torres Mine
       Complex, which includes a 2,000 tpd
       flotation plant owned by Fresnillo plc


                                                23
El Cubo: Underground Silver-Gold Mine
                  2012 Reserves/Resources1:

 P+P:                             7.0 million oz Ag
 M+I:                             4.4 million oz Ag
 Inf:                            11.4 million oz Ag

         Aurico 2011 Production (9 months)

 Production:                        556,379 oz Ag
                                      8,670 oz Au

 Throughput:                             1100 tpd

 Grades:                               80.5 gpt Ag
                                       1.24 gpt Au

 Recoveries:                             83.9% Ag
                                         84.8% Au

 Mines:                                 Villalpando
                                          Peregrina

 Development:                                 Dolores

1) See Page 39 for details


                                                        24
El Cubo: Dolores Discovery Cross Section
                                    DOLORES SE
                                   New Drilling 2012
•   Present known vertical                                   No Detectable on
                                                                 Surface
       interval of 200 m open at
       depth

•   Now being developed for
      production
                                                            1.6m @ 621 AgEq


                                                              5.8m @ 239 AgEq
                                       2.6m @ 334 AgEq
                                                         4.1m @ 304 AgEq
                                     1.7m @ 523 AgEq


                                     10.4m @ 285 AgEq




                                   2.03m @ 750 AgEq




                                                 25
El Cubo: Property, Mines, Veins & Geology




                       26
El Cubo: Transaction Rationale

    •   Adds a third producing silver-gold mine (El Cubo) nearby Endeavour’s Bolanitos
          mine and launches Endeavour into the mid-tier of primary silver producers
    •   Adds an advanced gold-silver exploration project (GyC) to Endeavour’s exploration
          portfolio with further exploration potential
    •   Immediately accretive to Endeavour on NAVPS (23%1 ), AgEq production, reserves,
          resources with substantial turn-around potential on cash-flow and cash costs
    •   Increases 2012 silver production by 12%-14% to 4.9-5.0 million oz based on Q1,
           2012 production and 6 months production, potential to boost 2013 production
           to 6 million oz Ag (9 million oz AgEq), revised production guidance to be
           provided after Closing
    •   Increases prospective mineral land-holdings by six-fold and enhances Endeavour’s
           exploration potential in Mexico




1 Assuming a purchase price of US$250 million ($100 million in cash and $150 million in shares). NAVPS based on analyst consensus estimates for El Cubo and Guadalupe y Calvo as at April 15, 2012.
Source: Thomson One Analytics and Bloomberg.



                                                                                                27
El Cubo: Operating Synergies

•   Two mines in one district should lead to savings in administration, human resources
      and purchasing
•   Expertise in turning around two other underperforming mines at Guanacevi in 2004
      and Bolanitos in 2007
•   El Cubo mine methods and equipment are oversized, Bolanitos mine methods and
       equipment are undersized, so introduce cut-and-fill methods and buy smaller
       equipment to improve output and productivity and reduce ore dilution and cash
       costs
•   El Cubo has 965 employees producing 1.8 million oz Ag Eq. in 2012, Endeavour has
       900 employees producing 3x that (5.5 million oz Ag Eq) in 2012 so retrain,
       relocate or reduce work force at El Cubo
•   Bolanitos currently produces silver-gold concentrates and trucks them 1000 km
       north to the leach plant at Guanacevi, but El Cubo has a smaller older leach plant
       and after a modernization and expansion program, Bolanitos will only truck 15 km
•   Expertise in discovering new ore-bodies in old districts at Guanacevi and Guanajuato,
      16 exploration targets identified for drilling at El Cubo



                                              28
Guadalupe y Calvo: Prospective Gold-Silver Project
                                  GyC Highlights

   •       Advanced gold-silver exploration project

   •       Well located & accessible in southern
               Chihuahua State 300 km SW of
               Chihuahua City

   •       Huge property covers 54,872 hectares,
              most of the historic gold-silver district

   •       District produced 1.5+million oz Au & 20+
               million oz Ag historically

   •       Two major veins up to 60 m wide & 6 km
              long

   •       Classic epithermal ore-bodies in lower
               tertiary andesites

   •       Historic indicated resources1 of 7.6 million
               oz silver and 126,000 oz gold and
               inferred resources of 4.4 million oz silver
               and 67,000 oz gold1
1 Endeavour has not verified the historic reserves/resources, so they should not be relied upon



                                                                                                  29
San Sebastian: Historic Silver-Gold District

         Property Highlights
•   Discovered in 1542, mined for
      centuries, largely un-explored
•   Four large silver-gold vein systems
      each 3 km long
•   Covers +50 small historic mines on
      +20 separate veins
•   Classic epithermal ore-bodies in
      Lower Tertiary andesites
•   Located 40 km northwest of Puerto
      Vallarta in Jalisco State
•   One small mine (La Quiteria)
      operates in the district
•   Recent grab samples assay up to
      11,824 gpt Ag, 40.3 gpt Au



                                          30
San Sebastian: New High Grade Discovery




                       RECENT DRILL RESULTS
           TR02-1   1,489 gpt Ag, 0.85 gpt Au / 5.66m

           TR12-1     500 gpt Ag, 1.15 gpt Au / 11.48m

           TR13-1     222 gpt Ag, 10.73 gpt Au / 13.34m

           TR15-1     287 gpt Ag, 1.08 gpt Au / 4.37m


                                     31
Financial Performance: Annual Growth
  Financial Performance:

                                     2010                  2011                 Q1 2012
Sales Revenues:              US$86.5 million         US$128.0 million    US$49.0 million, Up 39%
Mine Op. Cash Flow:             $45.0 million            $86.4 million     $32.0 million, Up 30%
Operating Cash Flow:            $32.7 million            $47.4 million     $28.8 million, Up 96%
Adjusted Net Earnings:          $ 1.7 million            $32.4 million     $19.6 million
                                $0.02/share              $0.37/share       $0.22/share

  Operating Performance:
                                      2010                 2011                 Q2 2012
Silver Production               3,285,634 oz          3,730,128 oz        1,040,026 oz, Up 22%
Gold Production                    17,711 oz             21,807 oz            7,695 oz, Up 59%
Realized Silver Price              $19.62                $35.61               $29.21 per oz

  2012 Guidance:
Silver Production:      4.9-5.0 million oz, Up 32%
Gold Production:        33,500-35,000 oz, Up 54%
Cash Cost:              US$6.00 - $7.00


                                                      32
A Premier Low-Cost Mid-Tier Producer
                       2011 Silver Production1                                                2011 Cash Costs2                                                   AgEq Resources3
                                (Moz Ag)                                                           ($US/oz Ag)                                                         (Moz AgEq)

                     Pan                                                           Silver                                                       Pan
                                                                      21.9                                                            20.9                                                           1,820
                   American                                                      Standard                                                     American
    Senior




                      Coeur                                                        Great                                                         Silver
                                                                      19.1                                                     10.8                                                                  1,734
                     d'Alene                                                      Panther                                                      Standard

                                                                                                                                                 Coeur
                       Hecla                                    9.5                Alexco                                     10.2                                                            779
                                                                                                                                                d'Alene

                                                                                   Pan
               First Majestic                             7.2                                                                9.4                  Hecla                           502
                                                                                 American

                     Silver                                                                                                                     First
                                                          7.1                First Majestic                             8.2                                              314
    Mid-Tier




                   Standard                                                                                                                    Majestic

                                                                                    Coeur                                                    Endeavour
                  Silvercorp                        5.3                                                                7.1                                             260
                                                                                   d'Alene                                                   Pro Forma 4

                  Endeavour                                                     Endeavour                        5.1                                                   249
                                                   5.0                                                                                        Silvercorp
                  Pro Forma 4
                                                                                Endeavour
                  Endeavour                  3.7                                          4                      4.7                         Endeavour           121
                                                                                Pro Forma


                    Fortuna            2.5                                           Hecla               1.2                                    Fortuna          117
    Emerging




                     Alexco       2.0                                             Fortuna               0.4                                      Alexco     35


                     Great                                                                                                                       Great
                                 1.5                                            Silvercorp (6.8)                                                            26
                    Panther                                                                                                                     Panther
1 Presented on a silver only basis. Silvercorp production based on March 31 fiscal year end.
2 Cash cost net of by-product credits as reported. El Cubo cash costs calculated on the bases of ounces produced during 2011.
3 Reflects silver and gold reserves & resources only; equivalent calculations based on 55:1 silver to gold ratio.
4 Combination analysis for El Cubo includes production, cash costs and reserve & resource estimates from Guadalupe y Calvo. Endeavour has not verified Aurico’s reserves/resources, they are considered to

  be historic & should not be relied upon
Source: Thomson One Analytics, Bloomberg and Intierra Ltd.


                                                                                                   33
Near Term Catalysts for Growth

•   Deliver 8th consecutive year of growth in revenues, cash flow, earnings, production,
          reserves & resources

•   Optimize El Cubo mine, 2012 focus on turning around mine operations and exploration,
         then expand production in 2013

•   Expand Bolanitos mine 60% to 1600 tpd, now underway

•   Expand Guanacevi mine 20% to 1200 tpd, now underway

•   Expand reserves and resources by aggressive brown-fields exploration at three mines

•   Make new discoveries by green-fields exploration at exploration properties

•   Continue to acquire new silver-gold exploration properties to build project pipeline and
          fuel organic growth

     We have the core assets, management team, track record, balance
     sheet and share structure to continue delivering out-performance

                                             34
Contact Us


          Endeavour Silver Corp.
      Suite 301-700 West Pender Street
            Vancouver, BC, V6C 1G8
                   Canada


             hugh@edrsilver.com
            lmccray@edrsilver.com
              www.edrsilver.com


 Phone: 1-604-685-9775 Fax: 1-604-685-9744
  Canada and US Toll-Free: 1-877-685-9775


     35
Appendix




  36
Why Silver?
• Silver is an Industrial Metal:               Demand 2010
   unlike gold, silver is
   consumed & the number of
   industrial uses is
   multiplying

• Silver is a Precious Metal:
    like gold, silver is money &
    its role as a store of value
    and a hedge against
    monetary inflation is                   Denarius % Silver
    growing

• Currency debasement is not
   new – governments
   throughout history have
   “printed” money eg. Falling
   silver % in the Roman
   Denarius coin

                                    37
Social Responsibility 2011 Highlights
•   Endeavour Silver strives to improve the
     quality of life for every employee &
     each community in which it works by
     operating in the most socially
     responsible manner
•   Placed 2nd out of 20 teams in First Aid
     & 3rd out of 27 teams in Mine Rescue
     at recent Mexico National Mine
     Safety Competition
•   Given two top national 2011 safety
     awards for Guanacevi & Guanajuato
     mines
•   Granted Clean Industry Award for
     environmental responsibility at
     Guanacevi & another one pending for
     Guanajuato
•   Launched $1 million 5 year university
     scholarship endowment program in
     Canada & Mexico
•   Funded 100 wheelchair program in
     Mexico for people in need


                                              38
Endeavour Reserves & Resources (as of June 1, 2012)
                     Tonnes         Ag g/t         Au g/t         Ag oz          Au oz       Aq Eq         Total
Proven
GCVI                     773,000             304        0.65        7,555,500      16,200        891,000     8,446,500
GTO                      337,000             186        2.40        2,019,700      26,000      1,430,000     3,449,700
EC                       285,000             138        2.14        1,270,000      19,600      1,078,000     2,348,000
Total                  1,395,000             242        1.38      10,845,200       61,800     3,399,000    14,244,200
Probable
GCVI                      799,000            231        0.39        5,935,400      10,100        555,500     6,490,900
GTO                       179,000            225        2.63        1,297,200      15,200        836,000     2,133,200
EC                      1,310,000            137        2.20        5,770,000      92,500      5,087,500    10,857,500
Total                  2,288,000             177        1.60      13,002,600      117,800     6,479,000    19,481,600
Measured
GTO                      258,000             177        2.51         1,470,900     20,800      1,144,000     2,614,900
EC                       256,000              78        1.58           640,000     13,000        715,000     1,355,000
Total                    514,000             128        2.05        2,110,900      33,800     1,859,000     3,969,900
Indicated
GCVI                    2,849,000            217        0.42       19,922,300      38,800      2,134,000    22,056,300
GTO                     2,539,000            161        2.20       13,154,500     179,600      9,878,000    23,032,500
San Seb                   307,000            199        0.55        1,965,800       5,400        297,000     2,262,800
EC                      1,095,000            108        1.81        3,790,000      63,500      3,492,500     7,282,500
Total                  6,790,000             178        1.32      38,832,600      287,300    15,801,500    54,634,100
Resources Inferred
GCVI                    2,013,000            217         0.40       14,050,900      26,200     1,441,000    15,491,900
GTO                     1,858,600            164         1.91        9,779,600     114,100     6,275,500    16,055,100
San Seb                   354,000            211         0.52        2,401,700       5,900       324,500     2,726,200
EC                      2,480,000            143         2.77       11,410,000     220,000    12,100,000    23,510,000
Total                  6,705,600             175         1.70      37,642,200     366,200    20,141,000    57,783,200
                     Tonnes         Ag g/t         Au g/t         Ag oz          Au oz       Aq Eq         Total         Pb%      Zn%
Indicated
Parral                   934,000              49         1.46       1,471,400       43,800    2,409,000     3,880,400      3.18         3.20
Total                   934,000               49        1.46        1,471,400      43,800     2,409,000     3,880,400      3.18         3.20
Resources Inferred
GCVI                     307,000              98            0.1       962,900        1,000       55,000     1,017,900      2.36         4.36
Parral                   528,000              61         1.45       1,035,500       24,600    1,353,000     2,388,500      3.00         2.74
Arroyo Seco              738,181             220         0.07       5,226,785        1,617       88,935     5,315,720      0.65         0.18
Total                  1,573,181             143        0.54        7,225,185      27,217     1,496,935     8,722,120      1.77         1.85


                                                                  39
Guanajuato: Daniela Vein Long. Section




      Daniela Discovery is 800m long x150m vertical x 3-10m thick




                                   40

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

HGC corporate presentation may 2010
HGC corporate presentation may 2010HGC corporate presentation may 2010
HGC corporate presentation may 2010Adnet Communications
 
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010Adnet Communications
 
June 2010 HGC Corporate Presentation
June 2010 HGC Corporate PresentationJune 2010 HGC Corporate Presentation
June 2010 HGC Corporate PresentationAdnet Communications
 
130115 canasil presentation january 2013 [compatibility mode]
130115 canasil presentation january 2013 [compatibility mode]130115 canasil presentation january 2013 [compatibility mode]
130115 canasil presentation january 2013 [compatibility mode]DIR_GmbH
 
Sage corporate presentation june 2016
Sage corporate presentation   june 2016Sage corporate presentation   june 2016
Sage corporate presentation june 2016Sagegold
 
Miranda Gold Corporate Presentation - March 2013
Miranda Gold Corporate Presentation - March 2013Miranda Gold Corporate Presentation - March 2013
Miranda Gold Corporate Presentation - March 2013Adnet Communications
 
Champion Corporate Presentation - Feb 24, 2012
Champion Corporate Presentation - Feb 24, 2012Champion Corporate Presentation - Feb 24, 2012
Champion Corporate Presentation - Feb 24, 2012shosein2011
 
Sage feb 2014 investor presentation
Sage feb 2014 investor presentationSage feb 2014 investor presentation
Sage feb 2014 investor presentationSagegold
 
John Tumazos Very Independent Research Conference 2012 Presentation
John Tumazos Very Independent Research Conference 2012 PresentationJohn Tumazos Very Independent Research Conference 2012 Presentation
John Tumazos Very Independent Research Conference 2012 PresentationClaude Resources Inc.
 
Bmo conf final feb 2013
Bmo conf final feb 2013Bmo conf final feb 2013
Bmo conf final feb 2013Teranga Gold
 
Teranga bmo 2012 final
Teranga bmo 2012 finalTeranga bmo 2012 final
Teranga bmo 2012 finalTeranga Gold
 
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010Adnet Communications
 
Producing and Exploring: October 2012
Producing and Exploring: October 2012Producing and Exploring: October 2012
Producing and Exploring: October 2012Teranga Gold
 
20120808 Jourdan Presentation
20120808 Jourdan Presentation20120808 Jourdan Presentation
20120808 Jourdan PresentationMichael Dehn
 
Investor Presentation February 2015
Investor Presentation February 2015Investor Presentation February 2015
Investor Presentation February 2015Sagegold
 

La actualidad más candente (19)

HGC corporate presentation may 2010
HGC corporate presentation may 2010HGC corporate presentation may 2010
HGC corporate presentation may 2010
 
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
 
June 2010 HGC Corporate Presentation
June 2010 HGC Corporate PresentationJune 2010 HGC Corporate Presentation
June 2010 HGC Corporate Presentation
 
June 2010 HGC Presentation
June 2010 HGC PresentationJune 2010 HGC Presentation
June 2010 HGC Presentation
 
HGC Corporate Presentation
HGC Corporate PresentationHGC Corporate Presentation
HGC Corporate Presentation
 
130115 canasil presentation january 2013 [compatibility mode]
130115 canasil presentation january 2013 [compatibility mode]130115 canasil presentation january 2013 [compatibility mode]
130115 canasil presentation january 2013 [compatibility mode]
 
Sage corporate presentation june 2016
Sage corporate presentation   june 2016Sage corporate presentation   june 2016
Sage corporate presentation june 2016
 
Miranda Gold Corporate Presentation - March 2013
Miranda Gold Corporate Presentation - March 2013Miranda Gold Corporate Presentation - March 2013
Miranda Gold Corporate Presentation - March 2013
 
Champion Corporate Presentation - Feb 24, 2012
Champion Corporate Presentation - Feb 24, 2012Champion Corporate Presentation - Feb 24, 2012
Champion Corporate Presentation - Feb 24, 2012
 
Sage feb 2014 investor presentation
Sage feb 2014 investor presentationSage feb 2014 investor presentation
Sage feb 2014 investor presentation
 
John Tumazos Very Independent Research Conference 2012 Presentation
John Tumazos Very Independent Research Conference 2012 PresentationJohn Tumazos Very Independent Research Conference 2012 Presentation
John Tumazos Very Independent Research Conference 2012 Presentation
 
July 2012
July 2012July 2012
July 2012
 
Bmo conf final feb 2013
Bmo conf final feb 2013Bmo conf final feb 2013
Bmo conf final feb 2013
 
Teranga bmo 2012 final
Teranga bmo 2012 finalTeranga bmo 2012 final
Teranga bmo 2012 final
 
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
Hawthorne Gold Corporate Presentation May 2010
 
Producing and Exploring: October 2012
Producing and Exploring: October 2012Producing and Exploring: October 2012
Producing and Exploring: October 2012
 
20120808 Jourdan Presentation
20120808 Jourdan Presentation20120808 Jourdan Presentation
20120808 Jourdan Presentation
 
Presentation
PresentationPresentation
Presentation
 
Investor Presentation February 2015
Investor Presentation February 2015Investor Presentation February 2015
Investor Presentation February 2015
 

Similar a Building a Premier Mid-Tier Silver Producer

SilverCrest Mines April 2013 Presentation
SilverCrest Mines April 2013 PresentationSilverCrest Mines April 2013 Presentation
SilverCrest Mines April 2013 PresentationSilvercrestmines
 
Sonoro Gold Corp - Corporate Presentation - $SGO - November 2021
Sonoro Gold Corp - Corporate Presentation - $SGO - November 2021Sonoro Gold Corp - Corporate Presentation - $SGO - November 2021
Sonoro Gold Corp - Corporate Presentation - $SGO - November 2021MomentumPR
 
SilverCrest Mines February Corporate Presentation
SilverCrest Mines February Corporate PresentationSilverCrest Mines February Corporate Presentation
SilverCrest Mines February Corporate PresentationSilvercrestmines
 
Silvercrest january 2013 [compatibility mode]
Silvercrest january 2013 [compatibility mode]Silvercrest january 2013 [compatibility mode]
Silvercrest january 2013 [compatibility mode]Silvercrestmines
 
Hawthorne Gold Corp Corporate Presentation
Hawthorne Gold Corp Corporate PresentationHawthorne Gold Corp Corporate Presentation
Hawthorne Gold Corp Corporate PresentationAdnet Communications
 
Champion Minerals Corporate Presentation March 30, 2012
Champion Minerals Corporate Presentation March 30, 2012Champion Minerals Corporate Presentation March 30, 2012
Champion Minerals Corporate Presentation March 30, 2012shosein2011
 

Similar a Building a Premier Mid-Tier Silver Producer (20)

SilverCrest Mines April 2013 Presentation
SilverCrest Mines April 2013 PresentationSilverCrest Mines April 2013 Presentation
SilverCrest Mines April 2013 Presentation
 
Svl 2013 02 final-mr
Svl 2013 02 final-mrSvl 2013 02 final-mr
Svl 2013 02 final-mr
 
Rd preso dec
Rd preso decRd preso dec
Rd preso dec
 
Rd preso dec
Rd preso decRd preso dec
Rd preso dec
 
Svl 2013 03 final
Svl 2013 03 finalSvl 2013 03 final
Svl 2013 03 final
 
Rd preso jan
Rd preso janRd preso jan
Rd preso jan
 
Nap investor presentation august 2012
Nap investor presentation august 2012Nap investor presentation august 2012
Nap investor presentation august 2012
 
Sonoro Gold Corp - Corporate Presentation - $SGO - November 2021
Sonoro Gold Corp - Corporate Presentation - $SGO - November 2021Sonoro Gold Corp - Corporate Presentation - $SGO - November 2021
Sonoro Gold Corp - Corporate Presentation - $SGO - November 2021
 
SilverCrest Mines February Corporate Presentation
SilverCrest Mines February Corporate PresentationSilverCrest Mines February Corporate Presentation
SilverCrest Mines February Corporate Presentation
 
Rd preso jan
Rd preso janRd preso jan
Rd preso jan
 
Rd preso jan
Rd preso janRd preso jan
Rd preso jan
 
Rd preso feb
Rd preso febRd preso feb
Rd preso feb
 
01 kgi-general update-20jan15
01 kgi-general update-20jan1501 kgi-general update-20jan15
01 kgi-general update-20jan15
 
Silvercrest january 2013 [compatibility mode]
Silvercrest january 2013 [compatibility mode]Silvercrest january 2013 [compatibility mode]
Silvercrest january 2013 [compatibility mode]
 
Hawthorne Gold Corp Corporate Presentation
Hawthorne Gold Corp Corporate PresentationHawthorne Gold Corp Corporate Presentation
Hawthorne Gold Corp Corporate Presentation
 
Champion Minerals Corporate Presentation March 30, 2012
Champion Minerals Corporate Presentation March 30, 2012Champion Minerals Corporate Presentation March 30, 2012
Champion Minerals Corporate Presentation March 30, 2012
 
Thg presentation
Thg presentationThg presentation
Thg presentation
 
Presentation
PresentationPresentation
Presentation
 
Presentation
PresentationPresentation
Presentation
 
Presentation
PresentationPresentation
Presentation
 

Último

(Best) ENJOY Call Girls in Faridabad Ex | 8377087607
(Best) ENJOY Call Girls in Faridabad Ex | 8377087607(Best) ENJOY Call Girls in Faridabad Ex | 8377087607
(Best) ENJOY Call Girls in Faridabad Ex | 8377087607dollysharma2066
 
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03DallasHaselhorst
 
FULL ENJOY Call girls in Paharganj Delhi | 8377087607
FULL ENJOY Call girls in Paharganj Delhi | 8377087607FULL ENJOY Call girls in Paharganj Delhi | 8377087607
FULL ENJOY Call girls in Paharganj Delhi | 8377087607dollysharma2066
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCRashishs7044
 
2024 Numerator Consumer Study of Cannabis Usage
2024 Numerator Consumer Study of Cannabis Usage2024 Numerator Consumer Study of Cannabis Usage
2024 Numerator Consumer Study of Cannabis UsageNeil Kimberley
 
Global Scenario On Sustainable and Resilient Coconut Industry by Dr. Jelfina...
Global Scenario On Sustainable  and Resilient Coconut Industry by Dr. Jelfina...Global Scenario On Sustainable  and Resilient Coconut Industry by Dr. Jelfina...
Global Scenario On Sustainable and Resilient Coconut Industry by Dr. Jelfina...ictsugar
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCRashishs7044
 
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdfNewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdfKhaled Al Awadi
 
The CMO Survey - Highlights and Insights Report - Spring 2024
The CMO Survey - Highlights and Insights Report - Spring 2024The CMO Survey - Highlights and Insights Report - Spring 2024
The CMO Survey - Highlights and Insights Report - Spring 2024christinemoorman
 
Annual General Meeting Presentation Slides
Annual General Meeting Presentation SlidesAnnual General Meeting Presentation Slides
Annual General Meeting Presentation SlidesKeppelCorporation
 
/:Call Girls In Indirapuram Ghaziabad ➥9990211544 Independent Best Escorts In...
/:Call Girls In Indirapuram Ghaziabad ➥9990211544 Independent Best Escorts In.../:Call Girls In Indirapuram Ghaziabad ➥9990211544 Independent Best Escorts In...
/:Call Girls In Indirapuram Ghaziabad ➥9990211544 Independent Best Escorts In...lizamodels9
 
Case study on tata clothing brand zudio in detail
Case study on tata clothing brand zudio in detailCase study on tata clothing brand zudio in detail
Case study on tata clothing brand zudio in detailAriel592675
 
Organizational Structure Running A Successful Business
Organizational Structure Running A Successful BusinessOrganizational Structure Running A Successful Business
Organizational Structure Running A Successful BusinessSeta Wicaksana
 
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdfDigital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdfJos Voskuil
 
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy CheruiyotInvestment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyotictsugar
 
Call Girls Miyapur 7001305949 all area service COD available Any Time
Call Girls Miyapur 7001305949 all area service COD available Any TimeCall Girls Miyapur 7001305949 all area service COD available Any Time
Call Girls Miyapur 7001305949 all area service COD available Any Timedelhimodelshub1
 
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...ssuserf63bd7
 
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...Seta Wicaksana
 
Call Girls In Sikandarpur Gurgaon ❤️8860477959_Russian 100% Genuine Escorts I...
Call Girls In Sikandarpur Gurgaon ❤️8860477959_Russian 100% Genuine Escorts I...Call Girls In Sikandarpur Gurgaon ❤️8860477959_Russian 100% Genuine Escorts I...
Call Girls In Sikandarpur Gurgaon ❤️8860477959_Russian 100% Genuine Escorts I...lizamodels9
 
Intro to BCG's Carbon Emissions Benchmark_vF.pdf
Intro to BCG's Carbon Emissions Benchmark_vF.pdfIntro to BCG's Carbon Emissions Benchmark_vF.pdf
Intro to BCG's Carbon Emissions Benchmark_vF.pdfpollardmorgan
 

Último (20)

(Best) ENJOY Call Girls in Faridabad Ex | 8377087607
(Best) ENJOY Call Girls in Faridabad Ex | 8377087607(Best) ENJOY Call Girls in Faridabad Ex | 8377087607
(Best) ENJOY Call Girls in Faridabad Ex | 8377087607
 
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
Cybersecurity Awareness Training Presentation v2024.03
 
FULL ENJOY Call girls in Paharganj Delhi | 8377087607
FULL ENJOY Call girls in Paharganj Delhi | 8377087607FULL ENJOY Call girls in Paharganj Delhi | 8377087607
FULL ENJOY Call girls in Paharganj Delhi | 8377087607
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Tughlakabad Delhi NCR
 
2024 Numerator Consumer Study of Cannabis Usage
2024 Numerator Consumer Study of Cannabis Usage2024 Numerator Consumer Study of Cannabis Usage
2024 Numerator Consumer Study of Cannabis Usage
 
Global Scenario On Sustainable and Resilient Coconut Industry by Dr. Jelfina...
Global Scenario On Sustainable  and Resilient Coconut Industry by Dr. Jelfina...Global Scenario On Sustainable  and Resilient Coconut Industry by Dr. Jelfina...
Global Scenario On Sustainable and Resilient Coconut Industry by Dr. Jelfina...
 
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
8447779800, Low rate Call girls in Uttam Nagar Delhi NCR
 
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdfNewBase  19 April  2024  Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
NewBase 19 April 2024 Energy News issue - 1717 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf
 
The CMO Survey - Highlights and Insights Report - Spring 2024
The CMO Survey - Highlights and Insights Report - Spring 2024The CMO Survey - Highlights and Insights Report - Spring 2024
The CMO Survey - Highlights and Insights Report - Spring 2024
 
Annual General Meeting Presentation Slides
Annual General Meeting Presentation SlidesAnnual General Meeting Presentation Slides
Annual General Meeting Presentation Slides
 
/:Call Girls In Indirapuram Ghaziabad ➥9990211544 Independent Best Escorts In...
/:Call Girls In Indirapuram Ghaziabad ➥9990211544 Independent Best Escorts In.../:Call Girls In Indirapuram Ghaziabad ➥9990211544 Independent Best Escorts In...
/:Call Girls In Indirapuram Ghaziabad ➥9990211544 Independent Best Escorts In...
 
Case study on tata clothing brand zudio in detail
Case study on tata clothing brand zudio in detailCase study on tata clothing brand zudio in detail
Case study on tata clothing brand zudio in detail
 
Organizational Structure Running A Successful Business
Organizational Structure Running A Successful BusinessOrganizational Structure Running A Successful Business
Organizational Structure Running A Successful Business
 
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdfDigital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
Digital Transformation in the PLM domain - distrib.pdf
 
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy CheruiyotInvestment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
Investment in The Coconut Industry by Nancy Cheruiyot
 
Call Girls Miyapur 7001305949 all area service COD available Any Time
Call Girls Miyapur 7001305949 all area service COD available Any TimeCall Girls Miyapur 7001305949 all area service COD available Any Time
Call Girls Miyapur 7001305949 all area service COD available Any Time
 
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
International Business Environments and Operations 16th Global Edition test b...
 
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
Ten Organizational Design Models to align structure and operations to busines...
 
Call Girls In Sikandarpur Gurgaon ❤️8860477959_Russian 100% Genuine Escorts I...
Call Girls In Sikandarpur Gurgaon ❤️8860477959_Russian 100% Genuine Escorts I...Call Girls In Sikandarpur Gurgaon ❤️8860477959_Russian 100% Genuine Escorts I...
Call Girls In Sikandarpur Gurgaon ❤️8860477959_Russian 100% Genuine Escorts I...
 
Intro to BCG's Carbon Emissions Benchmark_vF.pdf
Intro to BCG's Carbon Emissions Benchmark_vF.pdfIntro to BCG's Carbon Emissions Benchmark_vF.pdf
Intro to BCG's Carbon Emissions Benchmark_vF.pdf
 

Building a Premier Mid-Tier Silver Producer

  • 1. Building a Premier Mid-Tier Silver Producer Corporate Presentation July 2012 1
  • 2. Cautionary Note: Forward Looking Statements This news release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the United States private securities litigation reform act of 1995 and “forward-looking information” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. Such forward-looking statements and information herein include, but are not limited to, statements regarding Endeavour’s anticipated performance in 2012, including revenue, cash cost and capital cost forecasts, silver and gold production, timing and expenditures to develop new silver mines and mineralized zones, silver and gold grades and recoveries, cash costs per ounce, capital expenditures and sustaining capital and the use of the Company’s working capital. The Company does not intend to, and does not assume any obligation to update such forward-looking statements or information, other than as required by applicable law. Forward-looking statements or information involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements of Endeavour and its operations to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such statements. Such factors include, among others: fluctuations in the prices of silver and gold, fluctuations in the currency markets (particularly the Mexican peso, Canadian dollar and U.S. dollar); fluctuations in the price of consumed commodities, changes in national and local governments, legislation, taxation, controls, regulations and political or economic developments in Canada and Mexico; operating or technical difficulties in mineral exploration, development and mining activities; risks and hazards of mineral exploration, development and mining (including environmental hazards, industrial accidents, unusual or unexpected geological conditions, pressures, cave-ins and flooding); inadequate insurance, or inability to obtain insurance; availability of and costs associated with mining inputs and labour; the speculative nature of mineral exploration and development, reliability of calculation of mineral reserves and resources and precious metal recoveries, diminishing quantities or grades of mineral reserves as properties are mined; risks in obtaining necessary licenses and permits, global market events and conditions and challenges to the Company’s title to properties; as well as those factors described in the section “risk factors” contained in the Company’s most recent form 40F/Annual Information Form filed with the S.E.C. and Canadian securities regulatory authorities. Forward-looking statements are based on assumptions management believes to be reasonable, including but not limited to: the continued operation of the Company’s mining operations, no material adverse change in the market price of commodities, mining operations will operate and the mining products will be completed in accordance with management’s expectations and achieve their stated production outcomes, and such other assumptions and factors as set out herein. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements or information, there may be other factors that cause results to be materially different from those anticipated, described, estimated, assessed or intended. There can be no assurance that any forward-looking statements or information will prove to be accurate as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements or information. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements or information. 2
  • 3. Introduction • One of North America’s fastest growing silver Endeavour Silver Corp: mining companies • Two high grade producing silver-gold operations in Producing Mines: Mexico; Guanacevi Mine in Durango, Bolanitos Mine in Guanajuato • Acquisition of the El Cubo Mine in Guanajuato Accretive Acquisition: makes Endeavour a premier mid-tier silver producer • Four district-scale exploration properties in Exploration Projects: Mexico; San Sebastian, La Brisa, Parral, Guadalupe y Calvo • Create a premier senior silver producer (+10 Strategic Goal: million oz per year) through continued organic growth and strategic acquisitions 3
  • 4. Investor Highlights Experienced Board Proven Operating Focus on Quality and Management: Track Record: Assets: 200+ years in mining 966% production growth Large districts, big veins, industry in last 7 years high grades, low costs Accretive New Compelling Organic Acquisition: Growth: El Cubo Mine in 60% expansion at Guanajuato, same district Bolanitos Mine in 2012 to as current operation 1,600 tpd Pure Silver-Gold Good Liquidity: Strong Financials: Leverage: Listed on the NYSE, TSX, Working capital est. Frankfurt US$50 million, no debt 75/25 silver/gold in dore, no base metals 4
  • 5. Share Capital Exchange Listings: • EXK: NYSE EDR: TSX EJD: Frankfurt Shares Issued: • 99.1 Million Warrants/Options: • 6.0 Million (adds $29.9 Million) Fully Diluted: • 105.2 Million Share Price (July 23, 2012): • US $7.75 USD Market Cap: • US $768 Million Daily Volume (3 Mo. Ave.): • 1.5 Million Shares (TSX & NYSE) Strategic Shareholder: • Fresnillo Plc 2.8% • BMO (Andrew Kaip), CIBC (Brian Quast), Euro Analyst Coverage: Pacific Capital (Heiko Ihle), Haywood (Chris Thompson), Salman Partners (Ash Guglani) 5
  • 6. Board and Management Board of Directors Geoff Handley Rex McLennan Mario Szotlender Ricardo Campoy Bradford Cooke Godfrey Walton B.Sc. B.Sc., M.B.A B.IR B.Sc. M.Sc., P.Geo. M.Sc., P.Geo. Chairman Director Director Director Director Director CEO President & COO Additional Management Dan Dickson David Howe Barry Devlin Hugh Clarke Miguel Ordaz CA M.Sc. M.Sc., P.Geo. VP, Corporate Ing. CFO VP, Operations VP, Exploration Communications Mexico Projects Director 6
  • 7. Corporate Strategy Business Model: • Acquire under-explored, under-performing mines in historic silver districts that are built, permitted, staffed and about to close • Invest the capital and expertise needed to discover new ore-bodies, turn-around operations and re-open the mines • Expand silver resources and reserves each year to drive annual mine and plant expansions which fuel continuous growth Three producing mines, Four exploration projects 7
  • 8. Reserves/Resources: 656% Growth Last 7 Years Silver Equivalent Reserves and Resources (million oz’s) 180 163 160 EC 140 121 120 Millions 100 BO 90 80 76 62 60 53 46 GCVI 40 20 16 Other 0 Other 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Note: 2010 Silver equivalents based on 55:1 silver: gold ratio, base metals are not included 8
  • 9. Silver Production: 966% Growth Last 7 Years Annual Silver Production 6 5 4.9-5.0 EC 4 3.73 BO 3.30 Millions 3 2.60 2.35 2.15 2 GCVI 1.35 1 0.95 0.35 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1 Peers include: AXR, CDE, FR, FVI, GPR, HL, PAAS, SSRI and SVM. Target 2 Calculated as the simple average of peer group production CAGR between 2004 and 2011 (emerging producers adjusted for their first full year of production). Source: Intierra Ltd. 9
  • 10. Cash Costs: 46% Lower Last 4 Years $10.00 Endeavour Cash Costs Peer Group Cash Costs $9.38 $9.03 (14%) CAGR $8.00 Peers1: 27% CAGR2 $6.83 $6.00 $6.04 $6.00-$7.00 $5.71 $/oz $5.08 $4.85 $4.00 $4.13 $2.00 $2.59 $2.44 $- 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1 Peers include: AXR, CDE, FR, FVI, GPR, HL, PAAS, SSRI and SVM. 2 Calculated as the simple average of cash cost CAGR between 2007 and 2011. Source: Intierra Ltd. 10
  • 11. Gross Margin: Fastest Growth in Silver Sector $40.00 Gross Margin Realized Silver Price $35.61 $35.00 $30.00 $25.00 $19.62 $/oz $20.00 $14.51 $15.49 $15.00 $30.53 $11.55 $10.00 $13.91 $5.00 $9.48 $5.48 $2.17 $- 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 11
  • 13. Guanacevi: A Top 5 Mexican Silver District District Highlights: • Located in the Sierra Madre Occidental gold-silver belt • Produced over 450 million oz silver historically • Multiple silver veins span 10 km x 5 km area • Classic epithermal ore-bodies in Lower Tertiary andesites • Excellent infrastructure near paved state highway, on state power grid • Porvenir Cuatro, Porvenir Dos, Porvenir Norte & Santa Cruz Mines now in production • Now drilling new high-grade mineralized zone at Milache 13
  • 14. Guanacevi: Four Underground Mines 2011 Reserves/Resources1: P+P: 13.5 million oz Ag M+I: 19.9 million oz Ag Inf: 15 million oz Ag Q2 2012 Production Production: 669,754 oz Ag 2,499 oz Au Throughput: 1100 tpd Grades: 269 gpt Ag 0.87 gpt Au Recoveries: 77.4% Ag 89.2% Au Mines: Porvenir Norte Porvenir Dos Porvenir Norte is the largest mine Porvenir Cuatro operating in the Guanacevi district Santa Cruz 1) See Page 39 for details 14
  • 15. Guanacevi: Upgrading the Mines & Plant 2012 Capital Projects: Total: $21.3 million Plant: Upgrading conveyors, concentrate handling, crushing, expanding fine ore bins Mine: New underground development Surface: New 115 Kv power line Mine: New underground Plant Currently Operating at 1000 tonnes per day; equipment Expanding to 1200 tonnes per day in 2012 15
  • 16. Guanacevi: Reserves and Resources Endeavour Discovered Five New Silver Deposits In Five Years 773,000 tonnes @ 304 Ag gpt + 0.65 Au gpt = 7.55 million Oz Ag (8.4 million Oz Ag-Eq) 799,000 tonnes @ 231 Ag gpt + 0.39 Au gpt = 5.93 million Oz Ag (6.5 million Oz Ag-Eq) 2.8 million tonnes @ 217 Ag gpt + 0.42 Au gpt = 19.92 million Oz Ag (22.1 million Oz Ag-Eq) 2.0 million tonnes @ 217 Ag gpt + 0.40 Au gpt = 14.05 million Oz Ag (15.5 million Oz Ag-Eq) 16
  • 18. Bolanitos: 2nd Largest Mexico Silver District District Highlights: • Located in the Sierra Madre silver-gold belt • Produced over 1.2 billion oz Vetas De Vetas De silver historically and 5 La Luz Sierras million oz gold • Three main vein systems span 20 km x 20 km area • Classic epithermal ore-bodies in Lower Tertiary andesites • Excellent infrastructure- paved state highway, on state power grid • Cebada, Bolanitos and Lucero Mines now in production, 5 new ore bodies in last 5 years • Now drilling multiple veins in Bolanitos area 18
  • 19. Bolanitos: Three Underground Mines 2011 Reserves/Resources1: P+P: 3.3 Million Oz Ag M+I: 14.6 Million Oz Ag Inf: 9.8 Million Oz Ag Q2 2012 Production Production: 370,272 Oz Ag 5,196 Oz Au Throughput: 1100 tpd Grades: 149 gpt Ag 2.05 gpt Au Recoveries: 75% Ag 77% Au Mines: Bolanitos/Lucero/ Cebada View of New Lucero Mine Portal Development: Asuncion/ Karina/ Fernanda/ 1) See Page 39 for details Daniela 19
  • 20. Bolanitos: Expanding the Mines & Plant 2012 Capital Projects: Total: $20.6 million Plant: Complete tailings piping & pumps, expand flotation cells & concentrate handling Mine: New underground development Mine: New underground equipment Plant currently operating at 1000 tpd; Expanding to 1600 tpd capacity by end of 2012 20
  • 21. Bolanitos: New Discoveries Near Lucero Recent Drill Results • 250 gpt Ag, 5.35 gpt Au / 9.35 m • 404 gpt Ag, 6.50 gpt Au / 7.35 m • 448 gpt Ag, 14.0 gpt Au / 4.61 m • 170 gpt Ag, 7.73 gpt Au / 7.14 m 2012 Exploration Targets • Daniela-Karina • La Joya- Puertocito • La Luz- Asuncion • Belen-Ericka 21
  • 22. El Cubo Mines-New Acquisition Endeavour Silver Acquires El Cubo Silver-Gold Mine in Guanajuato & Guadalupe y Calvo Exploration Property in Chihuahua 22
  • 23. El Cubo: A Great Fit for Endeavour in Guanajuato El Cubo Highlights: • Discovered in the 1860’s more than 300 years after mining began in the Guanajuato District. • Producing silver-gold mine currently operating at 1200 tpd with 965 Vetas De Vetas De La Luz Sierras employees • Produced 556,379 oz Ag and 8,670 oz Au or 990,000 oz silver equivalents in 2011 and over 80 million ounces of silver & 2 million ounces of gold historically • Multiple silver-gold veins over 9 km long, up to 10 m wide & 600 m deep • San Nicolas Vein averaged 10-15 gpt Au & 100-150 gpt Ag • 61 mineral concessions covering 8,144 hectares, including several mine adits, ramps and shafts and a 400 tpd leach plant, plus a lease until May 2013 on the adjacent Las Torres Mine Complex, which includes a 2,000 tpd flotation plant owned by Fresnillo plc 23
  • 24. El Cubo: Underground Silver-Gold Mine 2012 Reserves/Resources1: P+P: 7.0 million oz Ag M+I: 4.4 million oz Ag Inf: 11.4 million oz Ag Aurico 2011 Production (9 months) Production: 556,379 oz Ag 8,670 oz Au Throughput: 1100 tpd Grades: 80.5 gpt Ag 1.24 gpt Au Recoveries: 83.9% Ag 84.8% Au Mines: Villalpando Peregrina Development: Dolores 1) See Page 39 for details 24
  • 25. El Cubo: Dolores Discovery Cross Section DOLORES SE New Drilling 2012 • Present known vertical No Detectable on Surface interval of 200 m open at depth • Now being developed for production 1.6m @ 621 AgEq 5.8m @ 239 AgEq 2.6m @ 334 AgEq 4.1m @ 304 AgEq 1.7m @ 523 AgEq 10.4m @ 285 AgEq 2.03m @ 750 AgEq 25
  • 26. El Cubo: Property, Mines, Veins & Geology 26
  • 27. El Cubo: Transaction Rationale • Adds a third producing silver-gold mine (El Cubo) nearby Endeavour’s Bolanitos mine and launches Endeavour into the mid-tier of primary silver producers • Adds an advanced gold-silver exploration project (GyC) to Endeavour’s exploration portfolio with further exploration potential • Immediately accretive to Endeavour on NAVPS (23%1 ), AgEq production, reserves, resources with substantial turn-around potential on cash-flow and cash costs • Increases 2012 silver production by 12%-14% to 4.9-5.0 million oz based on Q1, 2012 production and 6 months production, potential to boost 2013 production to 6 million oz Ag (9 million oz AgEq), revised production guidance to be provided after Closing • Increases prospective mineral land-holdings by six-fold and enhances Endeavour’s exploration potential in Mexico 1 Assuming a purchase price of US$250 million ($100 million in cash and $150 million in shares). NAVPS based on analyst consensus estimates for El Cubo and Guadalupe y Calvo as at April 15, 2012. Source: Thomson One Analytics and Bloomberg. 27
  • 28. El Cubo: Operating Synergies • Two mines in one district should lead to savings in administration, human resources and purchasing • Expertise in turning around two other underperforming mines at Guanacevi in 2004 and Bolanitos in 2007 • El Cubo mine methods and equipment are oversized, Bolanitos mine methods and equipment are undersized, so introduce cut-and-fill methods and buy smaller equipment to improve output and productivity and reduce ore dilution and cash costs • El Cubo has 965 employees producing 1.8 million oz Ag Eq. in 2012, Endeavour has 900 employees producing 3x that (5.5 million oz Ag Eq) in 2012 so retrain, relocate or reduce work force at El Cubo • Bolanitos currently produces silver-gold concentrates and trucks them 1000 km north to the leach plant at Guanacevi, but El Cubo has a smaller older leach plant and after a modernization and expansion program, Bolanitos will only truck 15 km • Expertise in discovering new ore-bodies in old districts at Guanacevi and Guanajuato, 16 exploration targets identified for drilling at El Cubo 28
  • 29. Guadalupe y Calvo: Prospective Gold-Silver Project GyC Highlights • Advanced gold-silver exploration project • Well located & accessible in southern Chihuahua State 300 km SW of Chihuahua City • Huge property covers 54,872 hectares, most of the historic gold-silver district • District produced 1.5+million oz Au & 20+ million oz Ag historically • Two major veins up to 60 m wide & 6 km long • Classic epithermal ore-bodies in lower tertiary andesites • Historic indicated resources1 of 7.6 million oz silver and 126,000 oz gold and inferred resources of 4.4 million oz silver and 67,000 oz gold1 1 Endeavour has not verified the historic reserves/resources, so they should not be relied upon 29
  • 30. San Sebastian: Historic Silver-Gold District Property Highlights • Discovered in 1542, mined for centuries, largely un-explored • Four large silver-gold vein systems each 3 km long • Covers +50 small historic mines on +20 separate veins • Classic epithermal ore-bodies in Lower Tertiary andesites • Located 40 km northwest of Puerto Vallarta in Jalisco State • One small mine (La Quiteria) operates in the district • Recent grab samples assay up to 11,824 gpt Ag, 40.3 gpt Au 30
  • 31. San Sebastian: New High Grade Discovery RECENT DRILL RESULTS TR02-1 1,489 gpt Ag, 0.85 gpt Au / 5.66m TR12-1 500 gpt Ag, 1.15 gpt Au / 11.48m TR13-1 222 gpt Ag, 10.73 gpt Au / 13.34m TR15-1 287 gpt Ag, 1.08 gpt Au / 4.37m 31
  • 32. Financial Performance: Annual Growth Financial Performance: 2010 2011 Q1 2012 Sales Revenues: US$86.5 million US$128.0 million US$49.0 million, Up 39% Mine Op. Cash Flow: $45.0 million $86.4 million $32.0 million, Up 30% Operating Cash Flow: $32.7 million $47.4 million $28.8 million, Up 96% Adjusted Net Earnings: $ 1.7 million $32.4 million $19.6 million $0.02/share $0.37/share $0.22/share Operating Performance: 2010 2011 Q2 2012 Silver Production 3,285,634 oz 3,730,128 oz 1,040,026 oz, Up 22% Gold Production 17,711 oz 21,807 oz 7,695 oz, Up 59% Realized Silver Price $19.62 $35.61 $29.21 per oz 2012 Guidance: Silver Production: 4.9-5.0 million oz, Up 32% Gold Production: 33,500-35,000 oz, Up 54% Cash Cost: US$6.00 - $7.00 32
  • 33. A Premier Low-Cost Mid-Tier Producer 2011 Silver Production1 2011 Cash Costs2 AgEq Resources3 (Moz Ag) ($US/oz Ag) (Moz AgEq) Pan Silver Pan 21.9 20.9 1,820 American Standard American Senior Coeur Great Silver 19.1 10.8 1,734 d'Alene Panther Standard Coeur Hecla 9.5 Alexco 10.2 779 d'Alene Pan First Majestic 7.2 9.4 Hecla 502 American Silver First 7.1 First Majestic 8.2 314 Mid-Tier Standard Majestic Coeur Endeavour Silvercorp 5.3 7.1 260 d'Alene Pro Forma 4 Endeavour Endeavour 5.1 249 5.0 Silvercorp Pro Forma 4 Endeavour Endeavour 3.7 4 4.7 Endeavour 121 Pro Forma Fortuna 2.5 Hecla 1.2 Fortuna 117 Emerging Alexco 2.0 Fortuna 0.4 Alexco 35 Great Great 1.5 Silvercorp (6.8) 26 Panther Panther 1 Presented on a silver only basis. Silvercorp production based on March 31 fiscal year end. 2 Cash cost net of by-product credits as reported. El Cubo cash costs calculated on the bases of ounces produced during 2011. 3 Reflects silver and gold reserves & resources only; equivalent calculations based on 55:1 silver to gold ratio. 4 Combination analysis for El Cubo includes production, cash costs and reserve & resource estimates from Guadalupe y Calvo. Endeavour has not verified Aurico’s reserves/resources, they are considered to be historic & should not be relied upon Source: Thomson One Analytics, Bloomberg and Intierra Ltd. 33
  • 34. Near Term Catalysts for Growth • Deliver 8th consecutive year of growth in revenues, cash flow, earnings, production, reserves & resources • Optimize El Cubo mine, 2012 focus on turning around mine operations and exploration, then expand production in 2013 • Expand Bolanitos mine 60% to 1600 tpd, now underway • Expand Guanacevi mine 20% to 1200 tpd, now underway • Expand reserves and resources by aggressive brown-fields exploration at three mines • Make new discoveries by green-fields exploration at exploration properties • Continue to acquire new silver-gold exploration properties to build project pipeline and fuel organic growth We have the core assets, management team, track record, balance sheet and share structure to continue delivering out-performance 34
  • 35. Contact Us Endeavour Silver Corp. Suite 301-700 West Pender Street Vancouver, BC, V6C 1G8 Canada hugh@edrsilver.com lmccray@edrsilver.com www.edrsilver.com Phone: 1-604-685-9775 Fax: 1-604-685-9744 Canada and US Toll-Free: 1-877-685-9775 35
  • 37. Why Silver? • Silver is an Industrial Metal: Demand 2010 unlike gold, silver is consumed & the number of industrial uses is multiplying • Silver is a Precious Metal: like gold, silver is money & its role as a store of value and a hedge against monetary inflation is Denarius % Silver growing • Currency debasement is not new – governments throughout history have “printed” money eg. Falling silver % in the Roman Denarius coin 37
  • 38. Social Responsibility 2011 Highlights • Endeavour Silver strives to improve the quality of life for every employee & each community in which it works by operating in the most socially responsible manner • Placed 2nd out of 20 teams in First Aid & 3rd out of 27 teams in Mine Rescue at recent Mexico National Mine Safety Competition • Given two top national 2011 safety awards for Guanacevi & Guanajuato mines • Granted Clean Industry Award for environmental responsibility at Guanacevi & another one pending for Guanajuato • Launched $1 million 5 year university scholarship endowment program in Canada & Mexico • Funded 100 wheelchair program in Mexico for people in need 38
  • 39. Endeavour Reserves & Resources (as of June 1, 2012) Tonnes Ag g/t Au g/t Ag oz Au oz Aq Eq Total Proven GCVI 773,000 304 0.65 7,555,500 16,200 891,000 8,446,500 GTO 337,000 186 2.40 2,019,700 26,000 1,430,000 3,449,700 EC 285,000 138 2.14 1,270,000 19,600 1,078,000 2,348,000 Total 1,395,000 242 1.38 10,845,200 61,800 3,399,000 14,244,200 Probable GCVI 799,000 231 0.39 5,935,400 10,100 555,500 6,490,900 GTO 179,000 225 2.63 1,297,200 15,200 836,000 2,133,200 EC 1,310,000 137 2.20 5,770,000 92,500 5,087,500 10,857,500 Total 2,288,000 177 1.60 13,002,600 117,800 6,479,000 19,481,600 Measured GTO 258,000 177 2.51 1,470,900 20,800 1,144,000 2,614,900 EC 256,000 78 1.58 640,000 13,000 715,000 1,355,000 Total 514,000 128 2.05 2,110,900 33,800 1,859,000 3,969,900 Indicated GCVI 2,849,000 217 0.42 19,922,300 38,800 2,134,000 22,056,300 GTO 2,539,000 161 2.20 13,154,500 179,600 9,878,000 23,032,500 San Seb 307,000 199 0.55 1,965,800 5,400 297,000 2,262,800 EC 1,095,000 108 1.81 3,790,000 63,500 3,492,500 7,282,500 Total 6,790,000 178 1.32 38,832,600 287,300 15,801,500 54,634,100 Resources Inferred GCVI 2,013,000 217 0.40 14,050,900 26,200 1,441,000 15,491,900 GTO 1,858,600 164 1.91 9,779,600 114,100 6,275,500 16,055,100 San Seb 354,000 211 0.52 2,401,700 5,900 324,500 2,726,200 EC 2,480,000 143 2.77 11,410,000 220,000 12,100,000 23,510,000 Total 6,705,600 175 1.70 37,642,200 366,200 20,141,000 57,783,200 Tonnes Ag g/t Au g/t Ag oz Au oz Aq Eq Total Pb% Zn% Indicated Parral 934,000 49 1.46 1,471,400 43,800 2,409,000 3,880,400 3.18 3.20 Total 934,000 49 1.46 1,471,400 43,800 2,409,000 3,880,400 3.18 3.20 Resources Inferred GCVI 307,000 98 0.1 962,900 1,000 55,000 1,017,900 2.36 4.36 Parral 528,000 61 1.45 1,035,500 24,600 1,353,000 2,388,500 3.00 2.74 Arroyo Seco 738,181 220 0.07 5,226,785 1,617 88,935 5,315,720 0.65 0.18 Total 1,573,181 143 0.54 7,225,185 27,217 1,496,935 8,722,120 1.77 1.85 39
  • 40. Guanajuato: Daniela Vein Long. Section Daniela Discovery is 800m long x150m vertical x 3-10m thick 40