Reducing the impact of transportation on air pollution in China through freight and logistics - Robert Earley - Clean Air Asia

1. Reducing Air Pollution in China through Greener Freight!
! Presented at Transforming Transportation 2014!
! Robert Earley!
! Transport Program Manager, Clean Air Asia!
Transforming Transportation 2014!

2. Reducing Air Pollution
in China through
Greener Freight
Robert Earley
Transport Program Manager
Clean Air Asia
Rob.earley@cleanairasia.org
17 January 2014
Transforming Transportation
Washington D.C.

3. Diesel exhausts cause cancer
Particulate matter is killing millions
900+ µg/m3 PM2.5
3
Image source: The Atlantic. HTTP://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2013/01/chinas-toxic-sky/100449

4. Diesel exhausts cause cancer
Particulate matter is killing millions
900+ µg/m3 PM2.5
30+ µg/m3
PM2.5
“Outdoor air pollution ranked 4th in mortality and health burden in
East Asia (China and North Korea) where it contributed to 1.2 million
deaths in 2010” --Health Effects Institute, Based on Global Burden of Disease Report
4
Image source: The Atlantic. HTTP://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2013/01/chinas-toxic-sky/100449

5. Poor air quality:
7 of 10 cities in developing Asia
PM10 annual average
concentrations µg/m3
>150
100-150
89
50-70
36
30-50
<20
Ci&es
developed
Asia
58
70-100
20-30
Ci&es
developing
Asia
26
31
5
9
6
19
WHO
Interim
Target 1
70 µg/m3
20
WHO Air
Quality
Guideline
10
20 µg/m3
Compiled by Clean Air Asia from multiple sources

6. The importance of transport
● Vehicles
contribute
22-­‐34%
of
PM2.5
in
Chinese
megaci&es
and
30%
of
NOx
in
China,
but:
• Actual
impacts
much
higher
when
considering
secondary
polluFon
• Roadside
exposure
much
higher
in
dense
urban
areas
Biomass
Beijing
PM
2.5
Sources
burning
4%
Industrial
VOCs
16%
Trans-­‐
boundary
Pollu&on
25%
Road
dust
16%
Shanghai
PM2.5
sources
Industrial
Processes
15%
Construc&on
and
road
dust
10%
Power
produc&on
Vehicles
and
22%
industrial
boilers
Source: Chinese Academy of Sciences, Michael Walsh 21%
Coal
Combus&on
(power
plant
and
other)
17%
Other
9%
Trans-­‐
boundary
20%
Vehicles
25%

7. …especially diesel trucks!
Diesel trucks are just 5%
of China’s vehicle fleet
China
Vehicle
PopulaFon
by
Vehicle
Type
Medium
duty
freight
Large
3%
passenger
1%
Heavy
duty
freight
5%
Micro
passenger
4%
Micro
freight
0%
Mid-­‐size
passenger
2%
Light
duty
freight
11%
But they emit 61% of all
vehicular particulate matter
(79% with buses)
Source
of
PM
Emission
by
Vehicle
Type
Light
duty
freight
9%
Medium
duty
freight
8%
Large
passenger
18%
Small
passenger
74%
Micro
freight
0%
Mid-­‐size
passenger
1%
Small
passenger
3%
Heavy
duty
freight
61%
Source: MEP, A.C Kerney,
2011
Diesel exhausts cause cancer World Health Organization International
Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC)
and climate change
June 2012

8. Logistics Cost as Percentage of GDP
Logistics cost relative to GDP highest in developing Asia:
greater risks of fuel security and prices
24.0%
7.2%
8.3%
EU
US
9.0%
Japan
Source: GFAN Study Macro economical indicators, 2013
12.5%
Korea,
14.2%
India
17.8%
China
Indonesia
8

9. What is Green Freight?
• Truck
and
fuel
standards
and
technologies
• Data
improvements
for
logis&cs
efficiency
• Na&onal
government
policies,
incen&ves
and
recogni&on
programs
• Finance
accessibility
for
truck
and
fleet
upgrades
• Intense
private
sector
par&cipa&on
by
carriers
as
well
as
shippers

10. Green Freight Programs Across Asia

11. Proof of concept and confidence
building
● Small
pilot
trucks
project
in
Guangzhou
2008-­‐2009
• R e q u e s t e d
b y
l o c a l
g o v e r n m e n t
f o r
environmental
concerns
• Tire
and
aerodynamics
technologies
tested
on
14
trucks
in
three
truck
fleets
Truck
Type
Long
Haul
Short
Haul
Short
Haul
Low
Resistance
Tires,
Tire
Pressure
Low
Resistance
Tires,
Low
Resistance
Tires,
Technologies
Monitoring
System
,
Tire
Pressure
Tire
Pressure
Tested
Aluminium
Rims,
Gap
Monitoring
System
Monitoring
System
Fairing,
Nosecone,
Trailer
Skirts
Actual
Saving
(%)
6.70%
1.80%
18.50%
Payback
Year
2.74
3.97
0.65
11

12. Guangdong Green Freight
Demonstration Project
$14
million
–
1200
trucks
• Long-­‐term
goal:
Reduce
the
road
freight
emission
in
Guangdong
by
10%
• Avoid
38,650
tons
using
green
freight
truck
technology
• Avoid
55,270
tons
through
“drop
and
hook
logisFcs”
project
• Avoid
72,069
tons
through
logisFcs
brokerage
• The
total
fuel
savings
amount
to
approx
64
million
liters
of
Diesel
12

13. Green Freight in China
Guangdong Province
Ministry of Transport
Ministry of Environment

14. Draft Green Freight China Standards
2013
China
Green
Freight
IniFaFve
●
Drab
Standards
Released
CGFI
Green
Freight
Vehicle
Standard
•
•
•
•
Fuel
economy
requirements
Emission
standard
requirements
Loading
mass
uFlity
factor
standard
Energy
saving
technology
installa&on
and
use
(based
on
MoT
catalogue
of
clean
technologies
for
trucks)
CGFI
Green
Freight
Enterprise
Standard
Size
and
reliability
of
fleet
Dispatch
efficiency
RaFo
of
drop-­‐and-­‐hook
business
Progress
towards
‘modern’
logisFcs
Fleet-­‐wide
fuel
consumpFon
Use
of
navigaFon
equipment,
recommended
truck
models
and
recommended
technologies
• Etc.
•
•
•
•
•
•
http://cleanairinitiative.org/portal/node/11905

15. Founding Members:
Newest Members:

16. By awarding contracts to “Green Freight Labeled”
carriers, a manufacturer receives Green Freight
labels for its products
Consumers, investors,
insurance companies,
etc. can make informed
product decisions
More effort, more leaves:
AFT F
DR
ewor
ram
k

17. GPS, GIS and Mobile Data for Freight
•
Fleets and governments
are starting to use
sophisticated tracking
and control systems for
trucks
•
Over 20,000 trucks are
monitored in the Yangtze
River Delta Region

18. Coming: Port and logistics data platforms
Marine
Shippers
Airlines
Railroads
Trucks
C
a
r
r
i
e
r
s
Financial organizations
Inspection
Other Int’l
Platforms
Platform
Ports
Warehouses
Regional Info.
Platforms
Shippers
Yards etc.
Freight
Forwarders
Supply Chain Players

Manufacturers
How can complex monitoring systems optimize multimodal logistics,
Customs clearance and at the same time reduce emissions?

19. Linking Green Freight Cities

20. Conclusions
● Freight
is
a
huge
issue
for
air
pollu&on
and
climate
change
in
Asia
• It
is
also
a
significant
economic
issue
● Asian
governments
are
eager
to
make
green
freight
work
–
but
need
support
● Green
Freight
needs
to
work
for
the
private
sector
–
policy
is
not
enough

21. For
more
informaFon:
www.cleanairasia.org
For
more
informa&on:
www.cleanairasia.org
Clean
Air
Asia
China
Office
Clean
Air
Asia
India
Office
china@cleanairasia.org
india@cleanairasia.org
901A
Reignwood
Building,
1st
Floor,
Building
No.
4
No.
8
YongAnDongLi
Thyagraj
Nagar
Market,
Lodhi
Colony
Jianguomenwai
Avenue
Beijing
New
Delhi
110003
China
India
Clean
Air
Asia
Center
center@cleanairasia.org
Unit
3505
Robinsons
Equitable
Tower
ADB
Avenue,
Pasig
City
Metro
Manila
1605
Philippines
.
.
Clean
Air
Asia
Country
Networks
.
.
.
.
.
China
India
Indonesia
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Sri
Lanka
Vietnam
Clean
Air
Asia
Center
Members
• Shell
• Asia
Clean
Fuels
Associa&on
• Corning
245
Clean
Air
Asia
Partnership
Members
Donors
in
2012
to
2013
Asian
Development
Bank
l
Ci&es
Development
Ini&a&ve
for
Asia
l
ClimateWorks
Founda&on
• Ci&es
l
DHL/IKEA/UPS
l
Energy
Founda&on
l
Fredskorpset
Norway
l
Fu
Tak
Iam
Founda&on
l
• Environment
ministries
and
government
German
Interna&onal
Coopera&on
(GIZ)
l
Ins&tute
for
Global
Environmental
Strategies
(IGES)
l
Ins&tute
for
Transport
Policy
Studies
l
Ins&tute
for
Transporta&on
and
Development
agencies
• Development
agencies
and
founda&ons
Policy
l
Interna&onal
Union
for
Conserva&on
of
Nature
l
L'Agence
Française
de
Développement
(AFD)
l
MAHA
l
Pilipinas
Shell
l
Rockefeller
Brothers
Fund
l
Shak&
• Non-­‐government
organiza&ons
Founda&on
l
Shell
Founda&on
l
United
Na&ons
Environment
Program
Partnership
for
Clean
• Academic
and
research
ins&tu&ons
• Private
sector
companies
and
associa&ons
Fuels
and
Vehicles
(UNEP
PCFV)
l
USAID
CEnergy
l
Veolia
l
World
Bank
21