1. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Error Analysis Appearance in First Year
Thai Students Academic Writing
By
Eko Mulyono
S200140053
Conclusion

2. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta
1. Introduction
This study examines how Thai graduate students transfer their
language to an Academic English Writing.
Therefore, it is safe to say that writing grammatically correctly
is needed in academic writing, but is one of main obstacles
students encounter. For example, Hong Kong university
students had problems with the language rather than the
content or structure of academic texts. They had difficulty in
conveying their ideas appropriately and in writing accurately
and smoothly.
Accordingly, the researcher is interested in studying error
sentences in the academic English writing made by Thai
graduate students who are studying in an English major
program.
Conclusion

3. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta
2. Literature Review
2.1 Error analysis
Error Analysis (EA) is the study of
learner errors, providing the way to
examine learner language, being a
part of language teaching, finding out
whether errors were caused by L1
interference or developmental factors
(Reid, 1993).
Conclusion

4. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta
2. Literature Review
Kind of Error
Interlingual Intralingual
Developmental
Error
Conclusion

5. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta
2. Literature Review
MENU
1. Angwatanakul (1975) analyzed the
types and frequency of errors in
English compositions written by
Thai first year university students
at Chulalongkorn University.
2. Ubol (1981) analyzed errors in
English composition of first and
third year Prince of Songkha
University students in Pattani.
3. Chiewkul and Rujikiatkumjorn
(1989) studied errors of a written
picture series composition and a
translation made by Khon Kaen
University freshmen.
4. Chownahe (2000) studied
grammatical errors of English
compositions of Thai high school
students.
5. Ayurawatana (2002) analyzed
types and frequency of errors in
lexical and sentential levels of
research proposals written by
fourth year English major students
of Khon Kaen University.
Previous
Researches
Conclusion

6. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta
2. Literature Review
2.2 Academic Writing
According to Hogue and Oshima (1999), academic
writing refers to the type of writing which students
are required to do in universities, being different
from other types of writing in several ways.
Conclusion

7. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta
3. Method
Conclusion
41 students41 students
purposive
sampling
technique
purposive
sampling
technique
82 Pieces of written work
41 task 41 final exam

8. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta
4. findings
Conclusion
4.1 The Extent to which Thai Graduate Students may Transfer Thai
into their Academic English Writing in terms of Error Sentences
The total number of interference errors appeared to a fairly large
extent, almost half of all the errors (46.67%) that occurred in the
present study. These overall interference errors were: omission of
subjects, objects and complements, using adjectives as main verbs,
omission of auxiliary verbs, omission of a transitive verb before a
direct object, phrasal verb error, using serial verb constructions,
redundancy of two conjunctions, although and but with two clauses,
lack of subordinators and the redundancy of there and the verb to
have in there structure, misplacement of modifiers and quantifiers,
misplacement of percentage, missordering of compound noun+ noun,
no inversions between a subject and a modal verb in a question form,
run- on sentences, fragments and word- by –word translation.

9. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta
4. findings
Conclusion
4.2 Comparison between Writing with Less Time Constraint and
Writing with More Time Constraint in Occurrences of Types of Error
In term papers, there were all five types of error; interference
errors, over-generalization, ignorance of rule restrictions,
incomplete application of rules and false concept
hypothesized. However, in the writing task, no false concept
hypothesized could be found. This means that more time and a
larger amount of words influences how non-native speakers
compose the target language.

10. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
4. findings
Conclusion
4.3 Different Types of Error of Academic English Writing in
terms of Error Sentences by Thai Graduate Students
This research result supports the results of Chownahe (2000)
and Khaoural (2002) in that the main cause of intralingual and
developmental errors were incomplete application of rules and
ignorance of rule restrictions.
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta

11. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
5. Conclusion
Conclusion
1. Implication
1. It can make contributions to English as a foreign language
teaching and acquisition, especially academic English
writing. As for English as a foreign language teaching.
2. The findings can be a guideline to improve academic
English writing instruction.
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta

12. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
5. Conclusion
Conclusion
2. Result
The data were gathered by conducting a writing task and
collecting a copy of the students’ final term paper and
analyzed by identifying the types of error based on
Richards (1971). The findings may be useful for English as
a foreign language teaching and acquisition especially in
academic English writing instruction. The EFL Thai
students may be aware of and better understand about
mother tongue interference and other types of error
which can probably take place and then they may be able
to produce grammatically correct sentences.
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta

13. Introduction
Literature
Review
Method
Journal
Findings
5. Conclusion
Conclusion
3. Recommendation
1. Since data in the present study were only documents, that
is, written works, other ways of collecting data should be
included in future research such as an interview in order
to gain more information about the causes of error the
students make in their writing.
2. This study is a kind of cross-sectional studies taking place
at a single point in time, so a longitudinal study should be
very interesting to conduct so as to better understand the
learning process and the developmental process of the
students’ writing.
3. This present study only focused on studying
errorsentences, a part of syntactic errors in academic
English composition.
Muhammadiyah University of SurakartaMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta