Helping to solve the problems of the depletion of many elements and the growing volumes of hazardous waste together by building closed loop design into chemicals and materials. By James Clark, Green Chemistry Group, University of York

1. Waste as a Future Feedstock James Clark Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence University of York, UK www.greenchemistry.net

2. Benefits of the Chemical Industry Good news for chemists?

3. No because everybody hates chemicals! Pressures on the Chemical Industry Across the Lifecycle

4. We are running out of key elements Elemental unsustainability

5. Location of Scarce Elements And who owns the mineral rights to those that are left?

6. What do we do with our waste? We turn our resources into a waste

7. We need to introduce Green Chemistry concepts and practices across the supply chain(s) So its not all about how safe the product is…. Or how clean the manufacturing is…….. Or how sustainable the feedstocks are

8. Reducing Carbon Footprint Suppliers Manufacturers Producers Retailers Consumers Renewable Resources Greener Processes Safer Components Green Products Sustainable feedstocks to reduce environmental burden Clean, efficient manufacturing required Desire to monitor green credentials Increased consumer awareness Renewable Resources & Biorefineries Green Chemistry for Industry Green Chemistry & the Consumer

9. Waste as a Feedstock

10. Waste is tomorrows resource Waste management will enter a new vista as waste becomes a vital resource for future manaufacturing

11. Recovering valuable resources from landfill sites We have the technologies to do this!

12. Elements that definitely should be avoided … and those that we think are OK? But its not just the safety and the availability of Metals………

13. Tantalum From Cradle to Grave Tantalum Ore (various compositions) Ta, Nb complex fluorides + other impurities (Si, Fe, Ti, U…) Pure Ta + Nb complexes in solution K 2 TaF 7 or Ta 2 O 5 or TaCl 5 (Nb recovered via Nb 2 O 5 ) Ta metal powder or wires Electronic Products HF / H 2 SO 4 / Δ (i) Filter (ii) Solvent extract ( MiBK ) Further processing Molten Na / Δ Alternative via C/Al reduction of Ta 2 O 5 or H 2 reduction of TaCl 5 Simple substances can hide horrendous environmental and human health impacts Even when you think its OK…

14. Moving towards sustainable Carbon

15. Petroleum feedstock Fuels Solvent Bulk chemicals Plastics Fibres Fine chemicals Oils Petroleum Refinery The biggest worry is future Carbon……

16. Fuels Solvent Bulk chemicals Plastics Fibres Fine chemicals Oils Bio-refinery Biomass Don’t use food quality feedstocks!!

18. COMPOSITES EXPANDED MATERIALS STARBONS ® CATALYSTS & CATALYSTS SUPPORTS ADSORBENTS & SEPARATIONS Natures largest volume renewable substances should be used more as materials

19. Making use of food wastes….. Switchable adhesives for carpet tiles (InterfaceFlor) Diverting millions of Kg pa from landfill Recyclable

20. Bio-silicates (B&Q) Bio-based composite materials for structural and furniture applications Future construction materials based on 100% green and sustainable components More uses for food waste and for ashes…..

21. Green Chemistry in the UK York Nottingham Imperial Leeds Leicester Glasgow Alternative solvents Supercritical fluids Catalysis Renewable resources Queens Cardiff Bath Warwick Manchester Newcastle Durham

23. Education and Training Contact-based long and short Courses and Masterclasses Supported e -learning Full or Part-time Certificate, Diplomas and Degree options Including MSc in Green Chemistry and Sustainable Industrial Technology We need to better prepare the next generation and retrain the existing workforce in the principles and practices of green chemistry

30. Science and Society Engagement Celebration Event (2010)

33. School workshops as part of York Festival of Science & Technology 12-14 th March 2009

34. Carbon Dioxide – Friend or Foe? Science Trail

36. Past The Chemical Industry of the Past(?)

37. The Chemical Industry Today

38. The Chemical Industry Tomorrow(?)

39. Research Industry Networking Education www.greenchemistry.net