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1
Our Women Ancestors
• Else Churchill
• Genealogist
• Society of
Genealogists
• www.sog.org.uk
2
Times Newspaper BMD Notice 1816
3
mtDNA
Female Descent from Richard III
4
Compiled by John Ashdown-Hill
Every woman in her place
6
What to read
7
Essential reading
8
Women at Work –
London Post Office Directory 1886
• Eliza Ann Kimberly (Mrs)
Upholsterer
• Fanny Kimpton Kimpton (Miss)
Bookseller
• Georgiana Kimpton (Miss)
Corset Maker
• Sarah Kinchin (Mrs) Lighterman
• Kindergarten Emporium – Miss
E Frost Manageress
• Ann King (Mrs) Dressmaker
• Ann King (Mrs) Midwife
• Augusta King (Miss) White Lion
• Catherine Emma King (Mrs)
Servants registry
9
Censuses
10
Servants
• 1901 -1,330,783
female servants
• 1 in 3 Victorian
woman aged
between 15 and
25 in service
• migratory
11
Search A2A, NRA & TNA Discovery
12
VictorianLondon.org
National Vigilance Association Reports into
registries (NVArecords at Women’s Library)
13
14
Parish Apprenticeships
Mary Harfoot aged 8
“housewifery” in 1775
15
Jane Radburn orphan of the Asylum in
the parish of St Mary Lambeth
apprenticed in the art of housewifery
16
City of London Apprentices
www.britishorigins.com
17
Apprentices of Great Britain 1710-1774
SoG Data & FindmyPast
Indexed Images of IR/1 1710-1811on Ancestry
• 1773 Ann Mulliner to Eliz Revel
– Miliner
• 1764 Ann Mullens to Ruth
Stacey – Mantua Maker
• 1763 Margaret Mullens to
Edward Hobbs and Wife –
Mantua Maker
• 1764 Mary Mullens to
– Jane Nash –milliner
• 1764 Martha Mumford to Jos
Smith – not specified general
servant?
18
Returns of Papists 1767 (Durham)
19
Midwives licensed by the church
20
Women and marriage –
a few statistics
• Mean age of marriage at least 26
• Earlier marriage in towns
• Significant numbers of spinsters
• Spinsters’ lives shorter
• Lots of cohabitation?
21
Church Courts
Bawdy Courts or Court of
Scolds!
22
London Consistory Depositions Index
www.britishorigins.com
23
In a very base and bawdy manner
“It being proved by
Mary Fry and Ewen
Kissack that Isabel
Kissack reflected on
Alice Kissack in a
very base and bawdy
manner calling her
the wife of him that
had the stone privy
member “ Consistory
Court of Sodor &
Man
24
Schedules of Penance
• Isabel Kissack asks forgiveness of congregation 1721 (Consistory
of Sodor & Man)
• Printed fornication before marriage form (Archdeaconry of
Nottingham)
25
Nothing but occular inspection could enforce a stronger belief of
criminal conversation in Seasalter
“They appear, and deny any criminous
conv. But say she is his hired servant
who lives with him as housekeeper”
Consistory Court of Canterbury
26
Separation from Bed and Board
Sarah Eves committed adultery with John Southam, an iron monger,
who was also found guilty of adultery at Warwick assizes prior to their
appearance in the church courts. Witnesses noted Sarah’s tendency to
leave the shutters open at night Consistory Court of Lichfield
27
Women on Hard Times
Poor Law Records
Illegitimacy
28
Examination of Mary Hall 1791
29
Removal of Mary Hall
• Removed from
Woodbridge in
Suffolk to North
Elham in Norfolk
– presumably her
place of birth –
along with her
two bastard
children
30
Bastardy Order - against William Bridger
father of Mary Morris’s child
31
Bastardy order
against Elizabeth Cock & Horrace Neil 1819
Horrace Neil did begat the
bastard child and is ordered
by the Justices to pay for its
upkeep and the lying in of
Elizabeth. She is chargeable
to the parish in case she shall
not nurse and take care of the
child herself
32
Sessions Records
Neglected Affiliation Order 1867
33
34
Southwell Workhouse, Notts
Punishment Book
35
MH 12 Poor Law Unions
Correspondence
36
Trinity House Petitions at SoG
Index on SoG Data Online & findmypast
37
Women in Court
Women in Court - Victims
38
Hereford Times, October 1839. British Newspaper Archives
Women in Court - witnesses
39
Mary Churchill, witness to child assault. Hereford Assizes,
Hereford Times 1864 (British Newspaper Archive)
40
Madams
41
Harris’s List
42
43
Elizabeth Haddock d 1752–
Haddock’s Bagnios 1720-1740s
Wife of John Haddock “
Whoremaster General of
Covent Garden” … kept a string
of “coffee shops” or “millinery
shops”, and bagnios at Charing
Cross and Covent Garden.
Elizabeth’s will and inventory
shows a wealthy woman with
properties at Worton in
Isleworth. Fixtures and fittings
of the bagnio in Covent garden
included 32 beds and 14 dining
tables, a wine cellar of £165 8s
5d and silver ware worth twice
as much.
Fallen Women in Lime House 1871
44
The fallen women very often don’t know either the names or ages of those men who
sleep with them. Their ages therefore were only guessed at
45
Graduated poll tax for disbanding
the armies granted by Parliament,
1 1641-1660 (TNA E179) described in
Lists & Index Society Vols. 44, 54, 63,
75, 87. Laid down prescribed sums
from every one over the age of
sixteen and not in receipt of alms
according to status in life. Lowest
contribution six pence, the highest
£100. Catholics paid double, widows
a third. For printed returns see Texts
& Calendars I & II (Mullins). Listed in
Gibson & Dell.
2 This shows the assessment for
Waddesdon “The Ladye Dormer
being rated £20 being a recusant paid
£40”. TNA (E 179/244/4)
•
46
Hearth Tax & Exemptions
47
Women in Chancery – Bernau Index
48
1.3m PCC Wills
144,302 widows
58,289 spinsters
13,515 wives
Women in Wills
wives, sisters and daughters
• …unto my son THOMAS ARROWSMITH … my messuages …
situate in Tattenhall Cheshire [and] in Beeston … subject to
the payment of the clear yearly sum of £12 … unto my loving
wife Elizabeth (executrix)
• Son JOSEPH ARROWSMITH £400 (from brother)
• Daughter RACHEL ARROWSMITH £150
• Grandson THOMAS DOD £10
• Daughter ALICE wife of THOMAS CHALLINER 20sh
• Daughter ELIZABETH wife of JOHN FENNA 20sh
• Daughter SARAH wife of ROBERT HINTON
• Daughter MARY wife of Thomas FAULKNER 20sh
• Daughter MARTHA wife of JOHN BAILY
Will dated 24 November 1727
Probate 7 December 1730 @ Consistory of Chester
Testator died 11 November 1730
50
In the name of God amen
I give to the worst of women except being a whore
who is guilty of all ills , the daughter of Mr. Gramont
a Frenchman, who I have unfortunately married,
five and forty brass halfpence which will buy her a pullet
for her supper – a greater sum than her father can often make
for I have known when he had neither money nor credit for
such a purchase being the worst of men and his wife the
worst of women in debaucheries. Had I known their character I had
never married their daughter nor made myself unhappy.

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Genealogy in the Sun 2014 Else Churchill Our Women Ancestors

  • 1. 1 Our Women Ancestors • Else Churchill • Genealogist • Society of Genealogists • www.sog.org.uk
  • 2. 2 Times Newspaper BMD Notice 1816
  • 3. 3
  • 4. mtDNA Female Descent from Richard III 4 Compiled by John Ashdown-Hill
  • 5. Every woman in her place
  • 8. 8 Women at Work – London Post Office Directory 1886 • Eliza Ann Kimberly (Mrs) Upholsterer • Fanny Kimpton Kimpton (Miss) Bookseller • Georgiana Kimpton (Miss) Corset Maker • Sarah Kinchin (Mrs) Lighterman • Kindergarten Emporium – Miss E Frost Manageress • Ann King (Mrs) Dressmaker • Ann King (Mrs) Midwife • Augusta King (Miss) White Lion • Catherine Emma King (Mrs) Servants registry
  • 10. 10 Servants • 1901 -1,330,783 female servants • 1 in 3 Victorian woman aged between 15 and 25 in service • migratory
  • 11. 11 Search A2A, NRA & TNA Discovery
  • 12. 12 VictorianLondon.org National Vigilance Association Reports into registries (NVArecords at Women’s Library)
  • 13. 13
  • 14. 14 Parish Apprenticeships Mary Harfoot aged 8 “housewifery” in 1775
  • 15. 15 Jane Radburn orphan of the Asylum in the parish of St Mary Lambeth apprenticed in the art of housewifery
  • 16. 16 City of London Apprentices www.britishorigins.com
  • 17. 17 Apprentices of Great Britain 1710-1774 SoG Data & FindmyPast Indexed Images of IR/1 1710-1811on Ancestry • 1773 Ann Mulliner to Eliz Revel – Miliner • 1764 Ann Mullens to Ruth Stacey – Mantua Maker • 1763 Margaret Mullens to Edward Hobbs and Wife – Mantua Maker • 1764 Mary Mullens to – Jane Nash –milliner • 1764 Martha Mumford to Jos Smith – not specified general servant?
  • 18. 18 Returns of Papists 1767 (Durham)
  • 20. 20 Women and marriage – a few statistics • Mean age of marriage at least 26 • Earlier marriage in towns • Significant numbers of spinsters • Spinsters’ lives shorter • Lots of cohabitation?
  • 21. 21 Church Courts Bawdy Courts or Court of Scolds!
  • 22. 22 London Consistory Depositions Index www.britishorigins.com
  • 23. 23 In a very base and bawdy manner “It being proved by Mary Fry and Ewen Kissack that Isabel Kissack reflected on Alice Kissack in a very base and bawdy manner calling her the wife of him that had the stone privy member “ Consistory Court of Sodor & Man
  • 24. 24 Schedules of Penance • Isabel Kissack asks forgiveness of congregation 1721 (Consistory of Sodor & Man) • Printed fornication before marriage form (Archdeaconry of Nottingham)
  • 25. 25 Nothing but occular inspection could enforce a stronger belief of criminal conversation in Seasalter “They appear, and deny any criminous conv. But say she is his hired servant who lives with him as housekeeper” Consistory Court of Canterbury
  • 26. 26 Separation from Bed and Board Sarah Eves committed adultery with John Southam, an iron monger, who was also found guilty of adultery at Warwick assizes prior to their appearance in the church courts. Witnesses noted Sarah’s tendency to leave the shutters open at night Consistory Court of Lichfield
  • 27. 27 Women on Hard Times Poor Law Records Illegitimacy
  • 29. 29 Removal of Mary Hall • Removed from Woodbridge in Suffolk to North Elham in Norfolk – presumably her place of birth – along with her two bastard children
  • 30. 30 Bastardy Order - against William Bridger father of Mary Morris’s child
  • 31. 31 Bastardy order against Elizabeth Cock & Horrace Neil 1819 Horrace Neil did begat the bastard child and is ordered by the Justices to pay for its upkeep and the lying in of Elizabeth. She is chargeable to the parish in case she shall not nurse and take care of the child herself
  • 35. 35 MH 12 Poor Law Unions Correspondence
  • 36. 36 Trinity House Petitions at SoG Index on SoG Data Online & findmypast
  • 38. Women in Court - Victims 38 Hereford Times, October 1839. British Newspaper Archives
  • 39. Women in Court - witnesses 39 Mary Churchill, witness to child assault. Hereford Assizes, Hereford Times 1864 (British Newspaper Archive)
  • 42. 42
  • 43. 43 Elizabeth Haddock d 1752– Haddock’s Bagnios 1720-1740s Wife of John Haddock “ Whoremaster General of Covent Garden” … kept a string of “coffee shops” or “millinery shops”, and bagnios at Charing Cross and Covent Garden. Elizabeth’s will and inventory shows a wealthy woman with properties at Worton in Isleworth. Fixtures and fittings of the bagnio in Covent garden included 32 beds and 14 dining tables, a wine cellar of £165 8s 5d and silver ware worth twice as much.
  • 44. Fallen Women in Lime House 1871 44 The fallen women very often don’t know either the names or ages of those men who sleep with them. Their ages therefore were only guessed at
  • 45. 45 Graduated poll tax for disbanding the armies granted by Parliament, 1 1641-1660 (TNA E179) described in Lists & Index Society Vols. 44, 54, 63, 75, 87. Laid down prescribed sums from every one over the age of sixteen and not in receipt of alms according to status in life. Lowest contribution six pence, the highest £100. Catholics paid double, widows a third. For printed returns see Texts & Calendars I & II (Mullins). Listed in Gibson & Dell. 2 This shows the assessment for Waddesdon “The Ladye Dormer being rated £20 being a recusant paid £40”. TNA (E 179/244/4) •
  • 46. 46 Hearth Tax & Exemptions
  • 47. 47 Women in Chancery – Bernau Index
  • 48. 48 1.3m PCC Wills 144,302 widows 58,289 spinsters 13,515 wives
  • 49. Women in Wills wives, sisters and daughters • …unto my son THOMAS ARROWSMITH … my messuages … situate in Tattenhall Cheshire [and] in Beeston … subject to the payment of the clear yearly sum of £12 … unto my loving wife Elizabeth (executrix) • Son JOSEPH ARROWSMITH £400 (from brother) • Daughter RACHEL ARROWSMITH £150 • Grandson THOMAS DOD £10 • Daughter ALICE wife of THOMAS CHALLINER 20sh • Daughter ELIZABETH wife of JOHN FENNA 20sh • Daughter SARAH wife of ROBERT HINTON • Daughter MARY wife of Thomas FAULKNER 20sh • Daughter MARTHA wife of JOHN BAILY Will dated 24 November 1727 Probate 7 December 1730 @ Consistory of Chester Testator died 11 November 1730
  • 50. 50 In the name of God amen I give to the worst of women except being a whore who is guilty of all ills , the daughter of Mr. Gramont a Frenchman, who I have unfortunately married, five and forty brass halfpence which will buy her a pullet for her supper – a greater sum than her father can often make for I have known when he had neither money nor credit for such a purchase being the worst of men and his wife the worst of women in debaucheries. Had I known their character I had never married their daughter nor made myself unhappy.