1. Periodic Table of the Elements
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
I.A
I,-I
II.A
III.B
IV.B
V.B
VI.B
VII.B
VIII.B
VIII.B
VIII.B
I.B
II.B
III.A
IV.A
V.A
VI.A
VII.A
VIII.A
1,008
1
4,002
0,0899
0,1785
H
He 3,89
1
2,2
1766 7 2
2
1895
Hydrogen
Hydrogenium
6,941
9,012
II
III,V,VII,-I,-III
534
I
2
1 850
1 820
Li 0,98
3
1817
12 2
Lithium
Lithium
I
22,989
11
Na 0,93
1807
22 1
Sodium
Natrium
I
30,974
Be 1,57
4
1798
P 2,19
15
1669
15 1
Beryllium
Beryllium
23 1
Phosphorus
Phosphorum
- oxidation states
- atomic mass
- density at 20°C [kg.m -3]
alkaline metals
noble gases
metalloids
alk. earth met.
inner trans.
nonmetals
II, III
- discovery year, total isotopes, stable isotopes
- English name
- international name
14,006
15,999
18,998
1,251
1,429
1,696
B 2,0
1808
14 2
Boron
Borum
I,III
g
l
s
6
C 2,55
~
N
O 3,5
F
15 2
7
3,04
1772 17 2
8
1774
Carbon
Carboneum
Nitrogen
Nitrogenium
Oxygen
Oxygenium
Fluorine
Fluorum
17 3
9
3,98
1886 19 1
28,086
IV,-IV
III,V,VII,-I,-III
30,974
32,066
II,IV,VI,-II
I,-I,III,V,VII
2 700
2 330
1 820
2 070
2,96
?
Mg 1,31
13
Al 1,61
1825
22 3
Magnesium
Magnesium
II
I,II,III,-III,IV,V
2 620
26,982
state at normal conditions:
1 740
1808
II,III,IV,-IV
5
II
12
12,011
2 340
- atomic number, chemical symbol, electronegativity [Pauling]
I,-I,-II
-I
10,811
metals
trans. metals
halogens
24,305
971
3
8 2
Helium
Helium
25 1
Si 1,8
14
1824
Aluminium
Aluminium
III
II
IV
50,941
II,III,IV,V
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
II,III,IV,VI,VII
54,938
55,847
58,933
58,693
63,546
65,39
69,723
72,61
74,922
III,V,-III
II,IV,VI,-II
78,96
79,904
83,798
4 500
5 980
7 190
7 430
7 870
8 830
8 900
8 960
7 140
5 910
5 350
5 720
4 790
3 130
3,44
Potassium
Kalium
I
85,468
1 530
5
Rb 0,82
37
1861
50 1
Rubidium
Rubidium
I
132,905
1 870
6
Cs 0,79
55
1860
68 1
Cesium
Caesium
I
24 5
Calcium
Calcium
II
87,62
2 600
Sr 0,95
38
1790
40 4
Strontium
Strontium
II
137,327
3 510
Ba 0,89
56
1808
49 7
Baryum
Baryum
II
Sc 1,36
21
1879
37 1
Scandium
Scandium
III
88,906
Ti 1,54
22
1791
Titanium
Titanium
II,III,IV
91,224
4 470
Y 1,22
39
1789
58 1
Yttrium
Yttrium
III
138,906
La 1,1
52 1
Zr 1,33
41 4
Zirconium
Zirconium
II,III,IV
178,49
Hf 1,3
55 5
Hafnium
Hafnium
IV
223,01
7
226,025
227,027
261,108
1 873
5 000
10 700
23 000?
Fr 0,7
87
1939
43 0
Francium
Francium
Ra 0,97
88
1898
43 0
Radium
Radium
Ac 1,1
89
1899
39 0
Aktinium
Actinium
Rf
104
1969 25 0
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium
III,IV
32 1
Vanadium
Vanadium
III,V
92,906
Cr 1,66
24
1797
Nb 1,6
58 1
28 4
Chromium
Chromum
I ~ VII
95,94
8 570
41
1801
40 6
Molybdenum
Molybdaenum
II,III,IV,V
II,III,IV,V,VI
180,948
183,84
16 600
Ta 1,5
73
1802
64 1
Tantalum
Tantalum
V
262,114
~
105
1970
Db
21 0
Dubnium
Dubnium
II,III,IV
Mn 1,55
25
1774
IV,VI,VII
97,907
Tc 1,9
W 2,36
43 5
VI
106
1974
Sg
20 0
35 4
Iron
Ferrum
Co 1,88
27
1739
Cobaltum
Cobaltum
II ~ VIII
101,07
I,II,III,IV,V
102,906
12 200
41 7
Rh 2,28
45
1803
54 1
Rhodium
Rhodium
I,II,IV,VI,VII
II,III,IV,VI,VIII
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
186,207
190,23
21 000
Re 1,9
75
1925
55 1
192,217
22 660
42 6
Rhenium
Rhenium
Osmium
Osmium
VII
II,IV,VI,VIII
Ir 2,2
77
1804
264,12
~
107
1976
Bh
18 0
265,13
~
108
1984
Bohrium
Bohrium
III
Hs
18 0
Hassium
Hassium
II,III
68 2
Iridium
Iridium
III, IV
[276]
~
109
1982
Mt
17 0
Meitnerium
Meitnerium
II,III
29
39 5
~
Nickel
Niccolum
II,IV
106,42
Pd 2,2
45 6
Palladium
Palladium
I,II,III,IV,VI
195,078
Pt 2,28
47 5
36 2
I,II,III
107,868
Zn 1,7
30
~
Ag 1,93
~
71 2
Silver
Argentum
I,III,-I
196,966
II
112,868
8 650
Cd 1,69
48
1817
Au 2,54
~
70 1
51 6
Cadmium
Cadmium
I,II
200,59
19 300
79
40 5
Zincum
Zincum
10 500
47
21 450
78
1735
Cu 1,9
Copper
Cuprum
12 000
46
1803
22 650
Os 2,2
76
1804
Ni 1,91
28
1751
12 400
Ru 2,2
44
1844
40 1
Ruthenium
Ruthenium
Seaborgium
Seaborgium
II,III
~
Technetium
Technetium
Tungsten
Wolframium
263,118
~
55 0
Fe 1,83
26
11 500
43
1937
19 300
74
1783
33 1
Manganese
Manganum
10 200
Mo 2,16
42
1778
Niobium
Niobium
13 100
72
1923
Lanthanum
Lanthanium
III
V 1,63
23
1830
6 510
40
1789
6 700
57
1839
28 5
13 530
80
Hg 2,2
~
56 7
Platinum
Platinum
Gold
Aurum
Mercury
Hydrargyrum
[281]
~
[280]
~
[285]
~
110
1994
Ds
19 0
Darmstadtium
Darmstadtium
III
111
1994
Rg
12 0
Roentgenium
Roentgenium
III,IV
II, IV
112
1996
Cn
9 0
Copernicium
Copernicium
II,III
Ga 1,81
31
1875
38 2
Gallium
Gallium
I,II,III
114,818
Ge 2,01
32
1886
44 4
Germanium
Germanium
II,IV
118,71
7 310
50
85 1
~
Indium
Indium
I,III
204,383
Tl 2,04
78 2
Sn 1,96
63 10
Tin
Stannum
II,IV
207,20
11 800
81
1861
~
III,IV,V,-III
121,75
6 690
Sb 2,05
51
~
Pb 2,33
~
74 4
62 2
Antimony
Stibium
III,V
208,98
11 300
82
44 1
Arsenic
Arsenium
7 300
In 1,78
49
1863
As 2,18
33
9 800
83
Bi 2,02
~
75 0
Se 2,55
34
1818
39 5
Selenium
Selenium
II,IV,VI,-II
127,60
6 240
Te 2,1
52
1782
56 5
Tellurium
Tellurium
II,IV,VI
208,982
9 400
Po 2,0
84
1898
58 0
I,-I,III,V
25 3
Argon
Argon
47,867
Ca 1,0
II,IV
Chlorine
Chlorum
Ar 3,3
3 100
20
1808
I,II,III
Sulfur
Sulphur
26 2
44,956
28 2
I,II,III
25 4
18
1894
1 550
K 0,82
I,II,III,IV
~
1,78
Cl 3,16
17
1774
39,948
40,078
19
1807
I,II,III,IV
Phosphorus
Phosphorum
S 2,58
19 3
Neon
Neon
860
51,996
I,II,III,VI
Silicon
Silicium
23 1
16
0,899
Ne 3,67
10
1898
39,098
4
III,IV
25 3
P 2,19
15
1669
35,453
20,179
Br 2,96
35
1826
47 2
Bromine
Bromum
I,-I,V,VII
126,905
4 940
I
53 2,66
1811 51 1
Iodine
Iodum
I,-I,III,V,VII
209,987
~
At 2,2
85
1940
53 0
[289]
~
[289]
~
[293]
~
[294]
~
[294]
~
Uut
113
2004
5 0
Ununtrium
Ununtrium
III
114
1999
Fl
5 0
Flerovium
Flerovium
III
Uup
115
2004
5 0
Ununpentium
Ununpentium
II,III
116
1999
Lv
4 0
Livermorium
Livermorium
II,III
Uus
117
2004
2 0
Ununseptium
Ununseptium
III
150,36
151,964
157,25
158,925
162,5
164,93
167,259
168,934
173,054
174,967
6 475
7 536
5 260
7 890
8 270
8 540
8 780
9 050
9 330
6 980
9 840
Cerium
Cerium
IV
232,038
11 720
Th 1,3
90
1828
33 0
Thorium
Thorium
54 1
Praseodymium
Praseodymium
IV,V
231,036
15 370
Pa 1,5
91
1917
32 0
Protaktinium
Protaktinium
60
Nd 1,14
1925
51 5
Neodym
Neodymium
II,III,IV,V,VI
238,029
61
U 1,38
32 0
Uranium
Uranium
57 0
Promethium
Promethium
III,IV,V,VI
237,048
18 970
92
1789
Pm 1,13
1945
Sm 1,17
62
1879
Samarium
Samarium
II,IV,V,VI
244,064
20 480
93
Np 1,36
1940
30 0
Neptunium
Neptunium
50 5
19 740
94
Eu 1,2
51 2
Europium
Europium
III,IV,V,VI
243,061
64
30 0
Plutonium
Plutonium
Am 1,3
95
1945
26 0
Gd 1,2
1880
46 6
Gadolinium
Gadolinium
III,IV
247,07
13 510
13 670
Pu 1,28
1940
63
1901
Cm 1,3
96
1944
Americium
Americium
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27 0
Curium
Curium
65
Tb 1,2
1843
59 1
Terbium
Terbium
III,IV
247,07
14 780
Bk 1,3
97
1949
36 0
Berkelium
Berkelium
Dy 1,22
66
1886
47 7
Dysprosium
Dysprosium
II,III,IV
251,07
15 100
Cf 1,3
98
1950
23 0
Californium
Californium
46 0
[286]
~
144,913
Pr 1,13
9,73
Rn 2,0
86
1898
Radon
Radon
7 000
1885
II
222,017
Astatine
Astatium
144,242
59
50 9
Xenon
Xenon
Polonium
Polonium
6 770
52 4
5,88
Xe 2,6
54
1898
Bismuth
Bismuthum
140,907
Ce 1,12
II,IV,VI,VIII
131,293
Lead
Plumbum
6 670
1803
42 6
Krypton
Krypton
Thallium
Thallium
140,116
58
Kr 3,0
36
1898
Ho 1,23
67
1878
64 1
Holmium
Holmium
III,IV
252,083
15 370
Es 1,3
99
1952
30 0
Einsteinium
Einsteinium
Er 1,24
68
1843
45 6
Erbium
Erbium
II,III
257,095
18 970
Fm 1,3
100
1953
25 0
Fermium
Fermium
Tm 1,25
69
1879
58 1
Thulium
Thulium
II,III
258,098
20 480
Md 1,3
101
1955
31 0
Mendelevium
Mendelevium
Yb
70
1,25
1878 46 7
Ytterbium
Ytterbium
II,III
259,101
19 740
No 1,3
102
1957
23 0
Nobelium
Nobelium
Lu 1,27
71
1907
71 1
Lutecium
Lutecium
III
260
13 670
Lr 1,29
103
1961
23 0
Lawrencium
Lawrentium
Uuo
118
1999
1 0
Ununoctium
Ununoctium